我在@Service类中有一个方法,该方法在两个不同的@Service类中调用两个不同的方法。这两种不同的方法(通过休眠)将两个实体保存在数据库中,并且它们都可能引发某些异常。 我想,如果引发异常,则独立于哪个@Service方法,所有更改都将回滚。因此,将删除数据库内部创建的所有实体。
//entities
@Entity
public class ObjectB{
@Id
private long id;
...
}
@Entity
public class ObjectC{
@Id
private long id;
...
}
//servicies
@Service
@Transactional
public class ClassA{
@Autowired
private ClassB classB;
@Autowired
private ClassC classC;
public void methodA(){
classB.insertB(new ObjectB());
classC.insertC(new ObjectC());
}
}
@Service
@Transactional
public class ClassB{
@Autowired
private RepositoryB repositoryB;
public void insertB(ObjectB b){
repositoryB.save(b);
}
}
@Service
@Transactional
public class ClassC{
@Autowired
private RepositoryC repositoryC;
public void insertC(ObjectC c){
repositoryC.save(c);
}
}
//repositories
@Repository
public interface RepositoryB extends CrudRepository<ObjectB, String>{
}
@Repository
public interface RepositoryC extends CrudRepository<ObjectC, String>{
}
我想要ClassA的methodA,一旦从methodB或methodC抛出异常,它就会回滚数据库中的所有更改。 但这并没有做到。例外之后,所有更改都将保留... 我想念什么? 我应该添加什么才能使其按需工作? 我正在使用Spring Boot 2.0.6! 我没有进行任何特别配置以使交易正常进行!
编辑1
这是我的主要课程,如果可以帮助您
@SpringBootApplication
public class JobWebappApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(JobWebappApplication.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(JobWebappApplication.class, args);
}
}
当引发异常时,这是我在控制台中看到的:
Completing transaction for [com.example.ClassB.insertB]
Retrieved value [org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerHolder@31d4fbf4] for key [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean@df9d400] bound to thread [http-nio-8080-exec-7]
Retrieved value [org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.ConnectionHolder@1d1ad46b] for key [HikariDataSource (HikariPool-1)] bound to thread [http-nio-8080-exec-7]
Getting transaction for [com.example.ClassC.insertC]
Completing transaction for [com.example.ClassC.insertC] after exception: java.lang.RuntimeException: runtime exception!
Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback on java.lang.RuntimeException: runtime exception!
Winning rollback rule is: null
No relevant rollback rule found: applying default rules
Completing transaction for [com.example.ClassA.methodA] after exception: java.lang.RuntimeException: runtime exception!
Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback on java.lang.RuntimeException: runtime exception!
Winning rollback rule is: null
No relevant rollback rule found: applying default rules
Clearing transaction synchronization
Removed value [org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.ConnectionHolder@1d1ad46b] for key [HikariDataSource (HikariPool-1)] from thread [http-nio-8080-exec-7]
Removed value [org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerHolder@31d4fbf4] for key [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean@df9d400] from thread [http-nio-8080-exec-7]
Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.RuntimeException: runtime exception!] with root cause
似乎每次调用一个方法都会创建一个新事务!在RuntimeException发生后没有回滚任何东西!
编辑2
这是pom.xml依赖项文件:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.10.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
这是application.properties文件:
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/exampleDB?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
logging.level.org.springframework.transaction=TRACE
spring.jpa.database=MYSQL
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.datasource.driver.class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.locationId.new_generator_mappings=false
解决方案
感谢@ M.Deinum,我找到了解决方案!
我使用了错误的数据库引擎(MyISAM),该引擎不支持事务!因此,我使用支持事务的“ InnoDB”更改了表引擎类型。我所做的是这样:
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
现在,所有抛出的RuntimeExceptions都会使事务回滚其中进行的所有更改。
ALERT:我注意到,如果抛出不是RuntimeException子类的异常,则不会应用回滚,并且所有已完成的更改都将保留在数据库中。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您要实现的目标应该可以立即使用。检查您的弹簧配置。
确保创建了TransactionManager
bean,并确保在春天的某些@Configuration
上放置了@EnableTransactionManagement
注释。该注释负责注册必要的Spring组件,这些组件可为注释驱动的事务管理提供支持,例如TransactionInterceptor
以及基于@Transactional
方法时将拦截器编织到调用堆栈中的基于代理或基于AspectJ的建议被调用。
请参阅链接的文档。
如果您使用的是spring-boot
,并且您在类路径上有PlatformTransactionManager
类,则应该automatically为您添加此注释。
此外,请注意,已检查的异常不会触发交易回滚。只有运行时异常和错误才会触发回滚。当然,您可以使用rollbackFor
和noRollbackFor
注释参数配置此行为。
修改
正如您所澄清的那样,您正在使用spring-boot,答案是:所有人都应该在没有任何配置的情况下工作。
以下是弹簧启动版本2.1.3.RELEASE
的100%工作示例(但应与任何版本的c一起使用):
依赖项:
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa')
runtimeOnly('com.h2database:h2') // or any other SQL DB supported by Hibernate
compileOnly('org.projectlombok:lombok') // for getters, setters, toString
用户实体:
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Integer id;
private String name;
}
图书实体:
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class Book {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Integer id;
@ManyToOne
private User author;
private String title;
}
用户存储库:
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {
}
图书库:
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface BookRepository extends JpaRepository<Book, Integer> {
}
用户服务:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@Transactional
@Component
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
public User saveUser(User user) {
// return userRepository.save(user);
userRepository.save(user);
throw new RuntimeException("User not saved");
}
public List<User> findAll() {
return userRepository.findAll();
}
}
图书服务:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@Transactional
@Component
public class BookService {
@Autowired
private BookRepository bookRepository;
public Book saveBook(Book book) {
return bookRepository.save(book);
}
public List<Book> findAll() {
return bookRepository.findAll();
}
}
综合服务:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Transactional
@Component
public class CompositeService {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
public void saveUserAndBook() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("John Smith");
user = userService.saveUser(user);
Book book = new Book();
book.setAuthor(user);
book.setTitle("Mr Robot");
bookService.saveBook(book);
}
}
主要:
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@SpringBootApplication
public class JpaMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SpringApplicationBuilder(JpaMain.class)
.web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
.properties("logging.level.org.springframework.transaction=TRACE")
.run(args);
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner run(CompositeService compositeService, UserService userService, BookService bookService) {
return args -> {
try {
compositeService.saveUserAndBook();
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
System.err.println("Exception: " + e);
}
System.out.println("All users: " + userService.findAll());
System.out.println("All books: " + bookService.findAll());
};
}
}
如果运行main方法,则应该看到在DB中找不到任何书籍或用户。事务回滚。如果您从throw new RuntimeException("User not saved")
中删除了UserService
行,则两个实体都会被保存。
您还应该在org.springframework.transaction
级别看到TRACE
软件包的日志,例如,您将看到:
Getting transaction for [demo.jpa.CompositeService.saveUserAndBook]
然后在引发异常之后:
Completing transaction for [demo.jpa.CompositeService.saveUserAndBook] after exception: java.lang.RuntimeException: User not saved
Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback on java.lang.RuntimeException: User not saved
Winning rollback rule is: null
No relevant rollback rule found: applying default rules
Clearing transaction synchronization
此处No relevant rollback rule found: applying default rules
表示将应用DefaultTransactionAttribute
定义的规则来确定是否应回滚事务。这些规则是:
在运行时回滚,但默认情况下不检查异常。
RuntimeException
是运行时异常,因此事务将回滚。
行Clearing transaction synchronization
是实际应用回滚的位置。您还会看到其他一些Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback
消息,因为@Transactional
方法嵌套在这里(UserService.saveUser
从CompositeService.saveUserAndBook
调用,并且两个方法均为@Transactional
),但是它们所做的只是确定未来操作的规则(在事务同步点)。在最外面的@Transactional
方法出口,实际回滚将只执行一次。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
从spring 3.1开始,如果您在类路径上使用spring-data- *或spring-tx依赖项,则默认情况下将启用事务管理。
https://www.baeldung.com/transaction-configuration-with-jpa-and-spring
但是检查Springs Transactional注释,我们可以看到,如果异常抛出不是RuntimeException的扩展,则需要通知参数rollbackFor。
/**
* Defines zero (0) or more exception {@link Class classes}, which must be
* subclasses of {@link Throwable}, indicating which exception types must cause
* a transaction rollback.
* <p>By default, a transaction will be rolling back on {@link RuntimeException}
* and {@link Error} but not on checked exceptions (business exceptions). See
* {@link org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.DefaultTransactionAttribute#rollbackOn(Throwable)}
* for a detailed explanation.
* <p>This is the preferred way to construct a rollback rule (in contrast to
* {@link #rollbackForClassName}), matching the exception class and its subclasses.
* <p>Similar to {@link org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute#RollbackRuleAttribute(Class clazz)}.
* @see #rollbackForClassName
* @see org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.DefaultTransactionAttribute#rollbackOn(Throwable)
*/
Class<? extends Throwable>[] rollbackFor() default {};
一个简单的 @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)应该可以工作
答案 2 :(得分:-2)
您要在这里实现的目标是不可能的,因为一旦执行完该方法,您就会离开该方法。带有@Transactional批注的更改无法还原。
或者,您可以将auto commit设置为false,并在类A的methodA中编写一个try catch块。如果没有异常,则提交DB事务,否则不要这样做。