Question

我正在尝试对具有多个JavaScript呈现页面（https://openlibrary.ecampusontario.ca/catalogue/）的网站进行网络抓取。我可以从第一页获取内容，但是我不确定如何使我的脚本单击后续页面上的按钮以获取该内容。这是我的脚本。

import time
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as soup
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import json

# The path to where you have your chrome webdriver stored:
webdriver_path = '/Users/rawlins/Downloads/chromedriver'

# Add arguments telling Selenium to not actually open a window
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--window-size=1920x1080')

# Fire up the headless browser
browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = webdriver_path,
chrome_options = chrome_options)

# Load webpage
url = "https://openlibrary.ecampusontario.ca/catalogue/"
browser.get(url)

# to ensure that the page has loaded completely.
time.sleep(3)

data = [] 

# Parse HTML, close browser
page_soup = soup(browser.page_source, 'lxml')
containers = page_soup.findAll("div", {"class":"result-item tooltip"})

for container in containers:
    item = {}
    item['type'] = "Textbook"
    item['title'] = container.find('h4', {'class' : 'textbook-title'}).text.strip()
    item['author'] = container.find('p', {'class' : 'textbook-authors'}).text.strip()
    item['link'] = "https://openlibrary.ecampusontario.ca/catalogue/" + container.find('h4', {'class' : 'textbook-title'}).a["href"]
    item['source'] = "eCampus Ontario"
    item['base_url'] = "https://openlibrary.ecampusontario.ca/catalogue/"
    data.append(item) # add the item to the list

with open("js-webscrape-2.json", "w") as writeJSON:
    json.dump(data, writeJSON, ensure_ascii=False)

browser.quit()

Answer 1

您不必实际单击任何按钮。例如，要搜索关键字为“ electricity”的商品，请导航至网址

https://openlibrary-repo.ecampusontario.ca/rest/filtered-items?query_field%5B%5D=*&query_op%5B%5D=matches&query_val%5B%5D=(%3Fi)electricity&filters=is_not_withdrawn&offset=0&limit=10000

这将返回项目的json字符串，其中第一个项目为：

{"items":[{"uuid":"6af61402-b0ec-40b1-ace2-1aa674c2de9f","name":"Introduction to Electricity, Magnetism, and Circuits","handle":"123456789/579","type":"item","expand":["metadata","parentCollection","parentCollectionList","parentCommunityList","bitstreams","all"],"lastModified":"2019-05-09 15:51:06.91","parentCollection":null,"parentCollectionList":null,"parentCommunityList":null,"bitstreams":null,"withdrawn":"false","archived":"true","link":"/rest/items/6af61402-b0ec-40b1-ace2-1aa674c2de9f","metadata":null}, ...

现在，要获取该项目，请使用其uuid，然后导航至：

https://openlibrary.ecampusontario.ca/catalogue/item/?id=6af61402-b0ec-40b1-ace2-1aa674c2de9f

对于与该网站的任何互动，您都可以像这样进行操作（这并不总是适用于所有网站，但是适用于您的网站）。

要了解当您单击诸如此类的按钮或输入文本（我对上述URL所做的操作）时导航到的URL，可以使用fiddler。

Answer 2

我编写了一个可以帮助您（硒）的小脚本。

此脚本的作用是“未选择目录的最后一页（在这种情况下，在其类中包含'selected'），我将抓取，然后单击下一步”

while "selected" not in driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("[id='results-pagecounter-pages'] a")[-1].get_attribute("class"):
    #your scrapping here
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id='next-btn']").click()

使用此方法可能会遇到一个问题，它不等待结果加载，但您可以从这里开始弄清楚该怎么做。

希望有帮助

网页抓取具有点击按钮的网站

2 个答案: