Question

我正在编写一个循环，以遍历2个列表并从中打印句子，但是它不起作用。

我尝试过更改语法，但是没有任何效果。

states = ["virginia", "new jersey", "north carolina", "california"]
capitals = ["richmond", "trenton", "raleigh", "sacramento"]

for x, name in enumerate(states):
    for y name in enumerate(capitals):
        print("The capital of " + states[x] + "is " + capitals[y] + ".")

这是我不断遇到的错误。

File "<ipython-input-11-9f2d009ec38f>", line 2
    for y name in enumerate(capitals):
             ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Answer 1

无效的语法是因为您在y和名称之间缺少'，'。

无论如何，您都可以使用内置函数zip。

for state, capital in zip(states, capitals):
    print("The capital of " + state + "is " + capital)

Answer 2

您在第二个for循环中错过了一个“，” for y, name in enumerate(capitals):

Answer 3

我认为这里不需要嵌套的for循环。您的列表长度相同，因此enumerate()已经在告诉您索引。我可以将其简化为：

states = ["virginia", "new jersey", "north carolina", "california"]
capitals = ["richmond", "trenton", "raleigh", "sacramento"]

for x, name in enumerate(states):
    print("The capital of " + name + " is " + capitals[x] + ".")

哪种产量：

弗吉尼亚州的首都是里士满。

新泽西的首都是特伦顿。

北卡罗来纳州的首都是罗利。

加利福尼亚的首都是萨克拉曼多。

Answer 4

您应该尝试以下操作：

states = ["virginia", "new jersey", "north carolina", "california"]
capitals = ["richmond", "trenton", "raleigh", "sacramento"]

for state, capital in zip(states, capitals):
    print("The capital of " + state + "is " + capital + ".")

输出：

The capital of virginiais richmond.
The capital of new jerseyis trenton.
The capital of north carolinais raleigh.
The capital of californiais sacramento.

Answer 5

这里不需要嵌套循环，因为您的数据中具有一对一的关系（每个状态都具有1个大写字母，每个资本都具有1个状态）。您可以使用zip创建对，或者如果您希望在for循环中使用索引值，可以执行以下操作：

states = ["virginia", "new jersey", "north carolina", "california"]
capitals = ["richmond", "trenton", "raleigh", "sacramento"]
for i in range(len(states)):
    print("The capital of "+states[i]+" is "+capitals[i])

或使用所谓的f-strings：

states = ["virginia", "new jersey", "north carolina", "california"]
capitals = ["richmond", "trenton", "raleigh", "sacramento"]
for i in range(len(states)):
    print(f"The capital of {states[i]} is {capitals[i]}")

两种情况下的输出均为：

The capital of virginia is richmond
The capital of new jersey is trenton
The capital of north carolina is raleigh
The capital of california is sacramento

请注意，如果states的元素数等于capitals的元素数，我的方法将正常工作。

如何在Python中修复此嵌套的for循环

5 个答案: