Question

所以我正在根据泊松分布模拟不同的随机电话。我会每分钟检查是否有电话，并将其存储在字典中。

这是我的通话字典外观示例：

{0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 1, 3: 0, 4: 0, 5: 0, 6: 0, 7: 0, 8: 0, 9: 2,
 10: 0, 11: 0, 12: 0, 13: 0, 14: 0, 15: 0, 16: 0, 17: 0, ......

我想做的是，是否有呼叫该分钟（值> 0）以将时间存储在类实例中的方法。每个字典键都对应一分钟。

当前，这是我正在使用的代码：

import numpy as np
import datetime as dt

# initial day and time of simulation
numberOfSimulationDays = 28
currentDay = 1
currentTime = 0

# 2. Timeslots & availability
hours = []
free = []
start_time = 0
end_time = 480
time = start_time
end = end_time

while time <= end:
    hours.append(time)
    free.append(True)
    time += 15

class Slot:
    def __init__(self, slot, available):
        self.slot = slot
        self.available = available

timeSlots = {}
rangeHours = np.size(hours)

for i in range(rangeHours):
    timeSlots[i] = Slot(hours[i],free[i])


# 2. Simualte calls
patient = {}
class Patient:
    def __init__(self, calltime, slot):
        self.calltime = calltime
        self.slot = slot
        self.arrivalTime = slot + np.random.normal(loc=0, scale=2.5,size=None)
        self.AppointmentWaitingTime = self.arrivalTime - calltime

class Schedule:
    @staticmethod
    def get_number_of_calls_in_minute():
        number_of_calls_in_minute = 
            np.random.poisson(lam=28.345 / (9 * 24), size=None)
        return number_of_calls_in_minute

class SimulationEveryMinute:
    while currentDay <= numberOfSimulationDays:
        calls = {}
        currentTime = 0
        endOfDayTime = 540

        while currentTime < endOfDayTime:

            for i in range(endOfDayTime):
                calls[i] = Schedule.get_number_of_calls_in_minute()

            for call in calls:
                if call == 1:
                    for slot_index, Slot in timeSlots.items():
                        if timeSlots[slot_index].available == True:
                             patient[slot_index] =
                                 Patient(currentTime, Slot.slot)
                             timeSlots[slot_index].available = False
                        currentTime += 1
        currentDay = currentDay + 1

print(SimulationEveryMinute.calls)
print("Number of calls:", sum(SimulationEveryMinute.calls.values()))
print("Number of scheduled patients:", len(patient))
for i in patient:
    print("Calltime:", patient[i].calltime, "Slottime:",
          patient[i].slot, "Appointment waiting time:",
          patient[i].AppointmentWaitingTime)

问题是它只会将currentTime从1增加到32（我有32个时隙），而不是存储拨打电话的时间。

输出示例：

('Calltime:', 0, 'Slottime:', 0, 'Appointment waiting time:', 0.4138422146210218)
('Calltime:', 1, 'Slottime:', 15, 'Appointment waiting time:', 11.162701908696011)
('Calltime:', 2, 'Slottime:', 30, 'Appointment waiting time:', 27.40165239831842)
('Calltime:', 3, 'Slottime:', 45, 'Appointment waiting time:', 41.696420163160745)

相反，它应该给出

('Calltime:', 2, 'Slottime:', 0, 'Appointment waiting time:', 0.4138422146210218)
('Calltime:', 9, 'Slottime:', 15, 'Appointment waiting time:', 11.162701908696011)
('Calltime:', 9, 'Slottime:', 30, 'Appointment waiting time:', 27.40165239831842)

有人可以帮我看看我在做什么错吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

首先，看来这只是从Patient对象而不是插槽号打印呼叫时间的问题：

print("Calltime:", ceil(patient[i].arrivalTime),
    "Slottime:",patient[i].slot, "Appointment waiting time:",
    patient[i].AppointmentWaitingTime)

第二，我不了解您使用的字典。如果只是在给定的分钟内拨打电话，则使用列表。列表索引是分钟数：

[0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, ...]

您可以使用更好的逻辑应用程序和偶尔的enumerate调用来简化几个循环-这是一个遍历索引和值的迭代器，例如

for slot_num, freq in enumerate(calls):

我建议您稍微简化一下编码。对于初学者，请使用增量编程：编写一段代码，并确保结果完全符合您的要求。在调试完该代码之前，不要编写更多代码。

第二，不要不要使用类，直到您知道需要其他功能。发布的代码使用一些类，这些类不会向其中的简单代码添加任何内容。

您的呼叫生成代码每天运行一次，覆盖原始的呼叫频率。

    currentTime = 0

    while currentTime < endOfDayTime:

        # This generates a call frequency for every minute of the day.
        for i in range(endOfDayTime):
            calls[i] = Schedule.get_number_of_calls_in_minute()

        for call in calls:
            if call == 1:    # Should this be call >= 1 ??
                ...
                    currentTime += 1

在仿真时存储正确的值时出现问题

1 个答案: