编辑

Question

我正在使用python创建一个应用程序，该应用程序将显示从DuckDuckGo的图像搜索结果中抓取的图像。因此，我需要根据搜索获得指向图像的链接列表。问题在于构成DuckDuckGo图像搜索结果的HTML不包含任何图像标签，而是图像似乎存储在除标签中。我该如何在python的帮助下将这些该死的链接刮到图像上并将它们存储在程序的变量中？

我希望变量看起来像什么：

image_links = ["https://duckduckgo.com/?q=duckduckgo&atb=v166-4_p&iax=images&ia=images&iai=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fen%2Fthumb%2F8%2F88%2FDuckDuckGo_logo.svg%2F1200px-DuckDuckGo_logo.svg.png","https://duckduckgo.com/?q=duckduckgo&atb=v166-4_p&iax=images&ia=images&iai=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fen%2Fthumb%2F8%2F88%2FDuckDuckGo_logo.svg%2F1200px-DuckDuckGo_logo.svg.png"]

A visualization of DuckDuckGo's HTML structure in its image search results

编辑：

当我通过执行以下操作从URL抓取HTML时：

source = urllib.request.urlopen("https://duckduckgo.com/?q=duckduckgo&atb=v166-4_p&iax=images&ia=images").read()

它根本不返回任何图像标签。

我正在通过以下方法进行检查：

source_tree = BeautifulSoup(source, 'html.parser')

links = [img.get('src') for img in source_tree.find_all('img', _class='tile--img__img')]

print(f"links: {links}")
print(f"img in source_tree: {'img' in str(source_tree)}")
print(f"source_tree: {source_tree}")

输出：

links: []
img in source_tree: False
source_tree: <!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="no-js has-zcm" lang="en_US"><head><meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type"/><title>duckduckgo at DuckDuckGo</title><link href="/s1775.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><link href="/r1775.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><meta content="noindex,nofollow" name="robots"/><meta content="origin" name="referrer"/><meta content="duckduckgo" name="apple-mobile-web-app-title"/><link href="/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 64x64" type="image/x-icon"><link href="/assets/icons/meta/DDG-iOS-icon_60x60.png?v=2" id="icon60" rel="apple-touch-icon"><link href="/assets/icons/meta/DDG-iOS-icon_76x76.png?v=2" id="icon76" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76"/><link href="/assets/icons/meta/DDG-iOS-icon_120x120.png?v=2" id="icon120" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120"/><link href="/assets/icons/meta/DDG-iOS-icon_152x152.png?v=2" id="icon152" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152"/><link href="/assets/icons/meta/DDG-icon_256x256.png" rel="image_src"/><script type="text/javascript">var ct,fd,fq,it,iqa,iqm,iqs,iqp,iqq,qw,dl,ra,rv,rad,r1hc,r1c,r2c,r3c,rfq,rq,rds,rs,rt,rl,y,y1,ti,tig,iqd,locale,settings_js_version='s2472.js',is_twitter='',rpl=0;fq=0;fd=1;it=0;iqa=0;iqbi=0;iqm=0;iqs=0;iqp=0;iqq=0;qw=1;dl='';ct='DK';iqd=0;r1hc=0;r1c=0;r3c=0;rq='duckduckgo';rqd="duckduckgo";rfq=0;rt='A';ra='';rv='';rad='';rds=30;rs=0;spice_version='1396';spice_paths='{}';locale='en_US';settings_url_params={};rl='wt-wt';rlo=0;df='';ds='';sfq='';iar='';vqd='3-146459744347044482638673072010848595657-89706121844226791728716680155105882500';safe_ddg=0;;</script><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"><meta content="true" name="HandheldFriendly"><meta content="no" name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable"/></meta></meta></link></link></head><body class="body--serp"><input id="state_hidden" name="state_hidden" size="1" type="text"/><span class="hide">Ignore this box please.</span><div id="spacing_hidden_wrapper"><div id="spacing_hidden"></div></div><script src="/lib/l113.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="/locale/en_US/duckduckgo10.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="/util/u345.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="/d2615.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="site-wrapper js-site-wrapper"><div class="header-wrap js-header-wrap" id="header_wrapper"><div class="welcome-wrap js-welcome-wrap"></div><div class="header cw" id="header"><div class="header__search-wrap"><a class="header__logo-wrap js-header-logo" href="/" tabindex="-1"><span class="header__logo js-logo-ddg">DuckDuckGo</span></a><div class="header__content header__search"><form action="/" class="search--adv search--header js-search-form" id="search_form" name="x"><input autocomplete="off" class="search__input search__input--adv js-search-input" id="search_form_input" name="q" tabindex="1" type="text" value="duckduckgo"/><input 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这是什么原因，我该如何解决？

Answer 1

我的解决方案是使用答案标记为正确的硒。

from urllib.parse import unquote 
from selenium import webdriver

def search(query):
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()

    # For one word queries it will be ok, for complex ones should encode first
    driver.get(f'https://duckduckgo.com/?q={query}&t=h_&iax=images&ia=images') 

    # For now it's working with this class, not sure if it will never change
    img_tags = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('tile--img__img') 

    for tag in img_tags:
        src = tag.get_attribute('data-src')
        src = unquote(src)
        src = src.split('=', maxsplit=1)
        src = src[1]
        yield src

    driver.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from pprint import pprint
    imgs_urls = list(search('sun'))
    pprint(imgs_urls)

您将需要使用selenium python库，您可以使用pip和geckodriver安装这些库，这些库可以在分发包管理器中找到。

Answer 2

图像实际上存储在img标签中，它们只是嵌套在某些div元素中。

您应该能够使用CSS选择器img.tile--img__img找到页面上的所有图像。

您可以使用Beautiful Soup之类的库来查询所有这些链接，例如：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# Considering your HTML is in the variable `source`
source_tree = BeautifulSoup(source, 'html.parser')

links = [img.get('src') for img in source_tree.find_all('img', class_='tile--img__img')]

编辑

似乎这里的问题是，duckduckgo使用某些JavaScript来显示图像页面，以显示所有img磁贴。由于Python请求只能获取资源而不能执行任何JavaScript，因此您可能需要实现其他解决方案。有关某些选项，请参见此other SO answer。

如何在Python中从DuckDuckGo的图像搜索结果中刮取图像

2 个答案:

编辑