如何从文件加载多个正则表达式模式并匹配给定的字符串?

时间:2019-05-11 20:22:53

标签: python regex python-3.x string regex-negation

根据提供的代码(本文简化),有人可以帮助说明我如何获取正则表达式模式的列表(如果“ list”是要使用的正确类型)从文本文件加载并与之匹配一个字符串?

有很多从文件中加载文本/文本字符串并与正则表达式模式匹配的示例,但并非相反-许多正则表达式模式都与一个文本字符串匹配。

如果您手动创建一个列表并运行re.compile,您可能会在代码中看到,我可以使用模式列表来匹配字符串。但是,从文件加载时,re.compile在哪里适合?

import regex as re

fname = 'regex_strings_short.txt'

string_to_match = 'onload=alert'

# Create a manual list of regexes
manual_regexes = [
    re.compile(r'(?i)\bHP\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b'),
    re.compile(r'(?i)\bgmail\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b'),
    re.compile(r'(?i)\bearthlink\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b '),
    re.compile(r'(?i)onload=alert')
]

# Create a text file with these five example patterns
'''
(?i)\bHP\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b
(?i)\bgmail\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b
(?i)\bearthlink\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b
(?i)onload=alert
(?i)hello
'''

# Import a list of regex patterns from the created file
with open(fname, 'r') as file:
    imported_regexes = file.readlines()

# Notice the difference in the formatting of the manual list with 'regex.Regex' and 'flags=regex.I | regex.V0' wrapping each item
print(manual_regexes)
print('---')
print(imported_regexes)

# A match is found in the manual list, but no match found in the imported list
if re.match(imported_regexes[3], my_string):
    print('Match found in imported_regexes.')
else:
    print('No match in imported_regexes.')

print('---')

if re.match(manual_regexes[3], my_string):
    print('Match found in manual_regexes.')
else:
    print('No match in manual_regexes.')

imported_regexes不匹配,manual_regexes不匹配。

更新:以下代码是对我有用的最终解决方案。将其发布可能会帮助某人登陆并需要解决方案。

# You must use regex as re and not just 'import re' as \p{} is not correctly escaped

import regex as re



# Add the post/string to match below

my_string = '<p>HP Support number</p>'



fname = 'regex_strings.txt'



# Contents of text file similar to the below

# but without the leading # space - that's only because it's an inline comment here

# (?i)\bHP\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b

# (?i)\bgmail\b(?:[^.,;]{1,20}?)\bnumber\b

# (?i)】\b(?:[^.,;]{1,1000}?)\p{Lo}



# Import a list of regex patterns from a file

with open(fname, 'r', encoding="utf8") as f:

    loaded_patterns = f.read().splitlines()



# print(loaded_patterns)

print(len(loaded_patterns))



found = 0

for index, pattern in enumerate (loaded_patterns):

    if re.findall(loaded_patterns[index],my_string):

        print('Match found. ' + loaded_patterns[index])

        found = 1



if found == 0:

    print('No matching regex found.')

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

re.match接受字符串以及已编译的正则表达式作为参数,并将内部字符串转换为已编译的正则表达式对象。您可以出于优化目的而调用re.compile(多次调用相同的正则表达式),但这纯粹是可选的,以保证程序的正确性。

如果程序未打印出匹配的导入正则表达式,那是因为readlines()始终在字符串中尾随'\n'。因此re.match('(?i)onload=alert\n')返回False并带有要匹配的字符串。您可以在经过清理的字符串上调用re.compile,也可以不调用。

with open(fname, 'r') as file:
    imported_regexes = file.readlines()
print(re.match(imported_regexes[3].strip('\n'), string_to_match))

输出一个matchobject。