正则表达式，用于替换包含单引号（'）的字符串的一部分

Question

我正在尝试替换撇号之间的文本的一部分，而不是全部，只是一部分。 例如，我需要将仅在引号之间的文本内的字符/ *和* /替换为空文本，而不是在它们之外。

我的输入文字，例如：

A = 'THIS IS AN ALPHABETIC /* CONSTANT' || WS_CON1 /* */ || 'TEST STRING */';

预期输出：

A = 'THIS IS AN ALPHABETIC  CONSTANT' || WS_CON1 /* */ || 'TEST STRING ';

我提取了引号中的文本，但是我不知道如何用空文本替换/ *和* /。

Sub ReplaceWithRegex()
    Dim strPattern As String
    Dim strReplace As String
    Dim regEx As Variant
    Dim strtxt As String

    Set regEx = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
    strtxt = "A = 'THIS IS AN ALPHABETIC /* CONSTANT' || WS_CON1 /* */ || ' TEST STRING */';"
    strPattern = "\'([^\']*)\'"
    strReplace = ""

    With regEx
        .Global = True
        .MultiLine = True
        .IgnoreCase = False
        .Pattern = strPattern
    End With

    If regEx.Test(strtxt) Then
        Debug.Print regEx.Replace(strtxt, strReplace)
    Else
        MsgBox ("Not matched")
    End If
End Sub

显然，这会将引号之间的所有文本替换为空字符串。

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

此表达式可以帮助您替换不需要的b'：

capitals.getOrElse("test","N/A")

您可以使用捕获组/*来简单地包装它的相关部分，类似于：

[A-Z]\s\/\*\s[A-Z]

然后，您可以将其替换为()并忽略第二个不需要的组：

This tool可帮助您根据需要修改/更改/编辑表达式。

RegEx描述图

此link可帮助您形象化表情：

编辑

如果这些捕获组中可能有更多模式，则可以简单地使用 | ，such as添加它们：

([A-Z])\s(\/\*)\s([A-Z])

您可能还想使用$1 $3而不是([A-Z])\s(\/\*|\*\/)(\s[A-Z]|\x27) ，以便使您的代码易于阅读。

JavaScript演示

\x27

性能测试

此代码段返回一百万次'循环的运行时间。

const regex = /([A-Z])\s(\/\*|\*\/)(\s[A-Z]|\x27)/gm;
const str = `A = 'THIS IS AN ALPHABETIC /* CONSTANT\' || WS_CON1 /* */ || \'TEST STRING */';`;
const subst = `$1$3`;

// The substituted value will be contained in the result variable
const result = str.replace(regex, subst);

console.log('Substitution result: ', result);

Answer 2

这是使用正则表达式的另一种VBA方法。

Option Explicit
'Set Reference to Microsoft VBScript Regular Expressions 5.5
Function reReplaceComment(S As String) As String
  Dim RE As RegExp
  Dim I As Long, J As Long

Set RE = New RegExp
With RE
    .Global = True
    .Pattern = "('[^']*?)(?:(?:/\*)|(?:\*/))([^']*?')"
    reReplaceComment = .Replace(S, "$1$2")
End With
End Function

删除单引号内的令牌

('[^']*?)(?:(?:/\*)|(?:\*/))([^']*?')

• Match the regex below and capture its match into backreference number 1 ('[^']*?)
  • Match the character “'” literally '
  • Match any character that is NOT a “'” [^']*?
    • Between zero and unlimited times, as few times as possible, expanding as needed (lazy) *?
• Match the regular expression below (?:(?:/\*)|(?:\*/))
  • Match this alternative (attempting the next alternative only if this one fails) (?:/\*)
    • Match the regular expression below (?:/\*)
      • Match the character “/” literally /
      • Match the character “*” literally \*
  • Or match this alternative (the entire group fails if this one fails to match) (?:\*/)
    • Match the regular expression below (?:\*/)
      • Match the character “*” literally \*
      • Match the character “/” literally /
• Match the regex below and capture its match into backreference number 2 ([^']*?')
  • Match any character that is NOT a “'” [^']*?
    • Between zero and unlimited times, as few times as possible, expanding as needed (lazy) *?
  • Match the character “'” literally '

$ 1 $ 2

• Insert the text that was last matched by capturing group number 1 $1
• Insert the text that was last matched by capturing group number 2 $2

由RegexBuddy创建