在多线程环境中交换c ++映射对象

时间:2019-05-11 00:03:24

标签: c++ multithreading multimap

我是C ++编码的新手,需要用新构建的multimap对象交换/替换旧的multimap对象,因为该对象将被缓存,我想仅在构建新对象后才替换现有对象,并且替换对象本身。这将在多线程环境中使用,因此使用原子负载。如该线程Want an efficient way to swap two pointers in C++中所述。我写了这段代码

#include<iostream>
#include<map>
#include<atomic>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

// MultiMap Object
struct mmap{
multimap<string,int> stringTointmap;
};

// Structure to swap two instances of multimap
struct swapMap{
  mmap* m1;
  mmap* m2;
};

int main(){

//create Two Objects
mmap* old = new mmap();
mmap* new2= new mmap();

// populate first object
old->stringTointmap.insert(make_pair("old",1));
//populate second object
new2->stringTointmap.insert(make_pair("new1",2));

//swap two objects
atomic<swapMap> swap;
auto refresh=swap.load();
refresh= {swap.m2,swap.m1};
}

但是我遇到了这个错误

error: expected expression
refresh= {swap.m2,swap.m1};

我肯定会丢失一些东西,有人可以帮忙吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

下面的示例代码显示了如何在std::shared_ptr上使用原子操作来实现它。

#include <memory>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#include <atomic>
#include <iostream>

std::shared_ptr<std::string> the_string;

int main()
{
    std::atomic_store(&the_string, std::make_shared<std::string>("first string"));

    std::thread thread(
        [&](){
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
            {
                {
                    // pin the current instance in memory so we can access it
                    std::shared_ptr<std::string> s = std::atomic_load(&the_string);

                    // access it
                    std::cout << *s << std::endl;
                }
                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
            }
        });

    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));

    // replace the current instance with a new instance allowing the old instance
    // to be removed when all threads are done with it
    std::atomic_store (&the_string, std::make_shared<std::string>("second string"));

    thread.join();
}

输出:

  

第一个字符串
  第一个字符串
  第二个字符串
  第二个字符串
  第二个字符串