我一直在编写此c ++乐透模拟器，并尝试让其显示用户乐透号码（userNums数组），随机生成并插入到数组中的中奖号码（pBallDrawing），然后显示您的中奖金额，但是当我尝试使用for循环输出两个数组，但我只是得到垃圾值（-84792048之类的东西）或数组的最后一个值。
我相信两个数组的重复测试都出错了，但是我不知道该怎么做。我尝试过将其混合，但是它仅显示最后输入的值。
编辑：好的，所以我把问题缩小到了这些功能上。我在main内部的循环中设置了这些功能。感谢您提供有关使用std::shuffle之类的内容并支持我的输出的建议，但是我是在初学者课堂上学习的，而我的教授没有教过使用方法，因此我很确定我会因为使用“快捷方式”而被淘汰像洗牌。
void userPBInput(int &num) {
cout << "Please enter 5 unique numbers you would like to use for the lottery--> ";
cin >> num;
}
//*************userPBInputTest********************************
//Description: tests the userNums to make sure they are destinct and within range.
//Pre: recives the userNums array and num cin value from the preveious function.
//Post: will test the array and then pass it back to userPBInput.
//************************************************************
void userPBInputTest(int num, int userNums[BALLCNT]) {
for (int r = 0; r < BALLCNT - 2; r++) {
while (num<MIN || num>MAX) {
cout << "Error. Please enter a number within 1 and 69 --> ";
cin >> num;
}
while (num == userNums[r]) {
cout << "Error. Please enter a new number that you haven't entered already--> ";
cin >> num;
}
userNums[r] = num;
}
}
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
const int BALLCNT = 6;
const int REDBALL = 5;
const int MAX = 69;
const int MIN = 1;
const int RMAX = 26;
void userPBInput (int &num);
void userPBInputTest(int num, int userNums[BALLCNT]);
void redBall(int userNums[BALLCNT]);
void rngPBall(int drawing);
void rngPBallTest(int drawing, int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]);
void redRngPBall(int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]);
void matchCounter(int userNums[BALLCNT], int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]);
void winnings(int match, bool redMatch);
int main() {
srand(time(NULL));
int userNums[BALLCNT]; //users lotto numbers
int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]; // the winning numbers
int num = 0; // secondary value to validate users numbers for range and duplicates
int drawing = 0; // same as previous but with the winning numbers (duplicate only not range)
int match = 0; //will count how many white ball matches between the winning and the users numbers
bool redMatch = false; //tracks if you get a match with the red lotto ball.
for (int k = 0; k < BALLCNT - 1; k++) { //puts the functions into loop so you can enter 5 numbers and have them tested
userPBInput(num);
userPBInputTest(num, userNums);
}
redBall(userNums); //allows you to enter the redball number in the 6th element of the array
for (int g = 0; g < BALLCNT - 1; g++) { //loop to generate and test 5 numbers
rngPBall(drawing); //Where the user inputs their lotto numbers
rngPBallTest(drawing, ballDrawing); // the teest
}
redRngPBall(ballDrawing);
matchCounter(userNums, ballDrawing);
winnings(match, redMatch);
}
//*******************userPBInput*****************************
//Description: Will accept 5 numbers and the 6th red number from the user.
//Pre: receives num value for comparison in
//post: will be filled with numbers as the userPBInputTest tests to make sure that they are within range and are distinct and then passed to the decideWinnings function.
//****************************************************
void userPBInput(int &num) {
cout << "Please enter 5 unique numbers you would like to use for the lottery--> ";
cin >> num;
}
//*************userPBInputTest********************************
//Description: tests the userNums to make sure they are destinct and within range.
//Pre: recives the userNums array and num cin value from the preveious function.
//Post: will test the array and then pass it back to userPBInput.
//************************************************************
void userPBInputTest(int num, int userNums[BALLCNT] ){
for (int r = 0; r < BALLCNT - 1; r++) {
while (num<MIN || num>MAX) {
cout << "Error. Please enter a number within 1 and 69 --> ";
cin >> num;
}
while (num == userNums[r]) {
cout << "Error. Please enter a new number that you haven't entered already--> ";
cin >> num;
}
userNums[r] = num;
}
}
//*************redBall*********************
//Description: Asks the user for what value they'd like for their red powerball
//Pre: recieves empty int redB value
//post: will pass redB on to the winnings decision function to be compared with the
//randomly generated red ball value
//**************************************
void redBall(int userNums[BALLCNT]) {
cout << " And what would you like for your powerball? (aka the redball)-->";
cin >> userNums[REDBALL];
while ( userNums[REDBALL]> MAX || userNums[REDBALL] < MIN) {
cout << " The red ball need to be within 1 and 26. Try again--> ";
cin >> userNums[REDBALL];
}
}
//**********rngPBall******************************
//Description: Will generate 5 random numbers for the simulated ball drawing and one value for the redBall
//Pre: Will recieve the array meant for the lotto drawing
//Post: will be passed to the test function to make sure they are unique and within range and then passed to the winnings calculator
//*************************************************
void rngPBall(int drawing) {
drawing = MIN + rand() % MAX;
}
//**********rngPBallTest********************
//Description: will test the randomly generated numbers for duplicates and make a new number if so
//Pre: Recieves drawing value with RNG number and the winning numbers array
//post: will pass on fully tested array to main and to the winnings calculator
//******************************************
void rngPBallTest(int drawing, int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]) {
for (int e = 0; e < BALLCNT - 1; e++) { //to test the winning numbers for duplicates
while (drawing == ballDrawing[e])
drawing = MIN + rand() % MAX;
ballDrawing[e] = drawing; //assigns the value of drawing to its place in the ballDrawing Array
}
}
//***********redRngPBall********************************************
// Description: to generate a winning number for the last value in the array, to represent the red ball
//Pre: recieves ballDrawing Array and fills the last element with the red ball drawing
//Post: will pass full array to winnings calculator
//******************************************************************
void redRngPBall(int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]){
ballDrawing[REDBALL] = MIN + rand() % RMAX; //Generates a number for the element #6
}
//**************matchCounter***************************************
// Description: will test each element of both arrays against eachother and track the amount of matches you have and if the
// red number matches.
//Pre: Recieves both users array and the randomly generated array .
//Post: will pass the match/redmatch ints to int winnings.
void matchCounter(int userNums[BALLCNT], int ballDrawing[BALLCNT]) {
int match = 0; //tracks how many matches you get
bool redMatch = false; //since you either have a match or you dont, made it a bool
for (int v = 0; v < BALLCNT - 1; v++) //user/winning match counting loop
while (userNums[v] == ballDrawing[v])
match++;
if (userNums[6] == ballDrawing[6]) //boolean decision.
redMatch = true;
}
//***************winnings********************************************
//Description: Will decide what your winnings are based on if the red powerball matches or not and how many white matches you get
//Pre: recieves the match int and redMatch bool
//post: will cout and return your winnings
//********************************************************************
void winnings(int match, bool redMatch) {
int winnings = 0
; switch (match) { //will decide what you win based on how many matches you get .
case 5: if (redMatch == true)
cout << "YOUVE JUST WON THE JACKPOT";
else
winnings = 1000000;
break;
case 4: if (redMatch == true)
winnings = 50000;
else
winnings = 100;
break;
case 3: if (redMatch == true)
winnings = 100;
else
winnings = 7;
break;
case 2:if (redMatch == true)
winnings = 7;
break;
case 1: if (redMatch == true)
winnings = 4;
break;
default: winnings = 4;
}
cout << " You win $" << winnings<<"."; //displays what you won.
}
我需要它能够显示两个数组的6个数字，但只获取垃圾值 抱歉，如果代码太多，但我不想遗漏任何上下文。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
您正在访问第151行上的范围
if (userNums[6] == ballDrawing[6])
BALLCNT为6，表示索引5是有效的编号最高的索引
以下是使用c -fsanitize=address进行编译时的输出-它准确地告诉您问题出在哪里以及问题出在哪里：
==27179==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow on address 0x7ffee1d64a58 at pc 0x00010de9d2ea bp 0x7ffee1d649a0 sp 0x7ffee1d64998
READ of size 4 at 0x7ffee1d64a58 thread T0
#0 0x10de9d2e9 in matchCounter(int*, int*) deleteme.cpp:151
#1 0x10de9c863 in main deleteme.cpp:43
#2 0x7fff6707f014 in start (libdyld.dylib:x86_64+0x1014)
Address 0x7ffee1d64a58 is located in stack of thread T0 at offset 56 in frame
#0 0x10de9c5ef in main deleteme.cpp:24
This frame has 3 object(s):
[32, 56) 'userNums' (line 26) <== Memory access at offset 56 overflows this variable
[96, 120) 'ballDrawing' (line 27)
[160, 164) 'num' (line 28)
HINT: this may be a false positive if your program uses some custom stack unwind mechanism or swapcontext
(longjmp and C++ exceptions *are* supported)
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow deleteme.cpp:151 in matchCounter(int*, int*)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x1fffdc3ac8f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac900: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac910: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac920: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac930: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x1fffdc3ac940: 00 00 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 00 00 00[f2]f2 f2 f2 f2
0x1fffdc3ac950: 00 00 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 04 f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac960: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac970: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac980: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x1fffdc3ac990: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
==27179==ABORTING
Abort trap: 6