Question

您可以使用来获取python发行版的版本

import pkg_resources
pkg_resources.get_distribution("distro").version

如果您知道发行版名称，这很好，但是我需要在运行时动态找出我的发行版名称。

# Common framework base app class, extended by each app
class App(object):
    def get_app_version(self) -> str:
        package_name = self.__class__.__module__.split('.')[0]
        try:
            return pkg_resources.get_distribution(package_name).version
        except Exception:
            return "development"

此功能适用于应用程序的程序包名称与分发名称相同（例如requests）的情况。但是，一旦它们不匹配（例如my-app包含软件包my_app），此操作将失败。

所以我需要的是发行版及其软件包之间的映射，我确定该映射必须存在于某个地方，因为pip似乎知道在调用卸载时要删除的内容：

$ pip uninstall requests
Uninstalling requests-2.21.0:
  Would remove:
    /home/user/.virtualenvs/app/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests-2.21.0.dist-info/*
    /home/user/.virtualenvs/app/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/*

如何以编程方式访问此映射？

Answer 1

经过两个小时的探索pkg_resources并阅读了source for pip's uninstall，我的工作如下：

import inspect
import pkg_resources
import csv

class App(object):
    def get_app_version(self) -> str:
        # Iterate through all installed packages and try to find one that has the app's file in it
        app_def_path = inspect.getfile(self.__class__)
        for dist in pkg_resources.working_set:
            try:
                filenames = [
                    os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dist.location, r[0]))
                    for r in csv.reader(dist.get_metadata_lines("RECORD"))
                ]
                if app_def_path in filenames:
                    return dist.version
            except FileNotFoundError:
                # Not pip installed or something
                pass
        return "development"

这将遍历所有已安装的软件包，并针对每个遍历的文件列表进行遍历，并尝试将其与当前文件进行匹配，从而将软件包与发行版进行匹配。这不是很理想，我仍然愿意寻求更好的答案。

Answer 2

如果您正在寻找一种既可以在开发中使用的解决方案，也可以在未安装或仅在本地调用的版本中使用，请尝试此解决方案。

进口：

import ast
import csv
import inspect
from os import listdir, path

import pkg_resources

实用功能：

def get_first_setup_py(cur_dir):
    if 'setup.py' in listdir(cur_dir):
        return path.join(cur_dir, 'setup.py')
    prev_dir = cur_dir
    cur_dir = path.realpath(path.dirname(cur_dir))
    if prev_dir == cur_dir:
        raise StopIteration()
    return get_first_setup_py(cur_dir)

现在使用Python的ast库：

def parse_package_name_from_setup_py(setup_py_file_name):
    with open(setup_py_file_name, 'rt') as f:
        parsed_setup_py = ast.parse(f.read(), 'setup.py')

    # Assumes you have an `if __name__ == '__main__':`, and that it's at the end:
    main_body = next(sym for sym in parsed_setup_py.body[::-1]
                     if isinstance(sym, ast.If)).body

    setup_call = next(sym.value
                      for sym in main_body[::-1]
                      if isinstance(sym, ast.Expr) and
                      isinstance(sym.value, ast.Call) and
                      sym.value.func.id in frozenset(('setup',
                                                      'distutils.core.setup',
                                                      'setuptools.setup')))

    package_version = next(keyword
                           for keyword in setup_call.keywords
                           if keyword.arg == 'version'
                           and isinstance(keyword.value, ast.Name))

    # Return the raw string if it is one
    if isinstance(package_version.value, ast.Str):
        return package_version.s

    # Otherwise it's a variable at the top of the `if __name__ == '__main__'` block
    elif isinstance(package_version.value, ast.Name):
        return next(sym.value.s
                    for sym in main_body
                    if isinstance(sym, ast.Assign)
                    and isinstance(sym.value, ast.Str)
                    and any(target.id == package_version.value.id
                            for target in sym.targets)
                    )

    else:
        raise NotImplemented('Package version extraction only built for raw strings and '
                             'variables in the same function that setup() is called')

最后通过将return "development"更改为：来替换@Gricey答案中的函数：

return parse_package_name_from_setup_py(get_first_setup_py(path.dirname(__file__)))

摘自我的答案https://stackoverflow.com/a/60352386

Answer 3

我相信，如果可能的话，该项目的名称应使用硬编码。如果没有，那么类似以下的功能可以帮助找出包含当前文件（__file__）的已安装发行版的元数据：

import pathlib
import importlib_metadata

def get_project_distribution():
    for dist in importlib_metadata.distributions():
        try:
            relative = pathlib.Path(__file__).relative_to(dist.locate_file(''))
        except ValueError:
            pass
        else:
            if relative in dist.files:
                return dist
    return None

project_distribution = get_project_distribution()
if project_distribution:
    project_name = project_distribution.metadata['Name']
    version = project_distribution.metadata['Version']

从包中获取Python包分发版本

3 个答案: