我希望能够将全彩色图像自动转换为三种颜色(黑色/红色/白色)以显示电子墨水(Waveshare 7.5英寸)。现在,我只是让屏幕来处理它,但不出所料,复杂的图像被洗掉了。
有什么我可以应用的算法或过滤器使事情更明显?
现在我正在使用Python,但如有必要,我也不反对其他语言/环境。
良好的图像:
洗出的图片:
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您似乎正在为每个像素选择最接近的颜色。查看dithering algorithm是否更适合您的目的。通常,在确定如何给定像素着色时,抖动算法会考虑相邻像素。
编辑:对于PIL(Python影像库),it doesn't seem trivial抖动为至少三种颜色的任意一组,至少从2012年开始。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您可以制作自己的3种可接受颜色的调色板,如下所示:
magick xc:red xc:white xc:black +append palette.gif
然后您可以将其应用于图像,如下所示:
magick input.png +dither -remap palette.gif result.png
如果要直接将其发送到帧缓冲区并且它支持RB888,则可以尝试运行以下内容:
magick input.png +dither -remap palette.gif -depth 8 RGB:/dev/fb0
答案 2 :(得分:1)
只需在Mark Setchell的答案中加上一点即可。对于打印,您可能最好抖动3种颜色。因此,这是使用Imagemagick 7进行抖动处理和不进行抖动处理的图像。如果使用Imagemagick 6,请用convert替换magick。
输入:
创建3个调色板:
to_sym
具有抖动功能(默认为Floyd-Steinberg):
magick xc:red xc:white xc:black +append palette.gif
没有抖动
magick input.png -remap palette.gif result.png
如果您需要Python,则可以尝试使用Python Wand。它基于Imagemagick。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
只是在 Mark 和 Fred 的答案中添加一点。我在 Raspberry Pi 上使用 ImageMagick,它是版本 < 7 并使用“转换”。 Fred 建议的某些命令不适用于该版本。这是我调整大小、重新映射和抖动,并将图像拆分为黑白和白红子图像的操作。
# Create palette with red, white and black colors
convert xc:red xc:white xc:black +append palette.gif
# Resize input file into size suitable for ePaper Display - 264x176
# Converting to BMP.
# Note, if working with JPG, it is a lossy
# format and subsequently remapping and working with it results
# in the color palette getting overwritten - we just convert to BMP
# and work with that instead
convert $1 -resize 264x176^ -gravity center -extent 264x176 resized.bmp
# Remap the resized image into the colors of the palette using
# Floyd Steinberg dithering (default)
# Resulting image will have only 3 colors - red, white and black
convert resized.bmp -remap palette.gif result.bmp
# Replace all the red pixels with white - this
# isolates the white and black pixels - i.e the "black"
# part of image to be rendered on the ePaper Display
convert -fill white -opaque red result.bmp result_black.bmp
# Similarly, Replace all the black pixels with white - this
# isolates the white and red pixels - i.e the "red"
# part of image to be rendered on the ePaper Display
convert -fill white -opaque black result.bmp result_red.bmp
我还使用 Python Wand 实现了,这是一个基于 ImageMagick 的 Python 层
# This function takes as input a filename for an image
# It resizes the image into the dimensions supported by the ePaper Display
# It then remaps the image into a tri-color scheme using a palette (affinity)
# for remapping, and the Floyd Steinberg algorithm for dithering
# It then splits the image into two component parts:
# a white and black image (with the red pixels removed)
# a white and red image (with the black pixels removed)
# It then converts these into PIL Images and returns them
# The PIL Images can be used by the ePaper library to display
def getImagesToDisplay(filename):
print(filename)
red_image = None
black_image = None
try:
with WandImage(filename=filename) as img:
img.resize(264, 176)
with WandImage() as palette:
with WandImage(width = 1, height = 1, pseudo ="xc:red") as red:
palette.sequence.append(red)
with WandImage(width = 1, height = 1, pseudo ="xc:black") as black:
palette.sequence.append(black)
with WandImage(width = 1, height = 1, pseudo ="xc:white") as white:
palette.sequence.append(white)
palette.concat()
img.remap(affinity=palette, method='floyd_steinberg')
red = img.clone()
black = img.clone()
red.opaque_paint(target='black', fill='white')
# This is not nececessary - making the white and red image
# white and black instead - left here FYI
# red.opaque_paint(target='red', fill='black')
black.opaque_paint(target='red', fill='white')
red_image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(red.make_blob("bmp")))
black_image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(black.make_blob("bmp")))
except Exception as ex:
print ('traceback.format_exc():\n%s',traceback.format_exc())
return (red_image, black_image)
这是我关于 Hackster 项目的文章(包括完整的源代码链接) - https://www.hackster.io/sridhar-rajagopal/photostax-digital-epaper-photo-frame-84d4ed
我已经把马克和弗雷德都归功于那里 - 谢谢!