Question

我在搜索很多东西，但是找不到答案。也许有人可以给我一些提示：我有一个包含以下列和数据的表（仅作为示例）：

+-------+------------------+----+--------+--------+
| Type  |    InsertDate    | ID | Value1 | Value2 |
+-------+------------------+----+--------+--------+
|  Data | 2019-04-29 14:30 | 01 |    2   |    1   |
|  Info | 2019-04-29 14:30 | 01 |    3   |    3   |
|  Data | 2019-04-29 14:42 | 01 |    5   |    5   |
|  Data | 2019-04-29 14:42 | 02 |    8   |    5   |
|  Info | 2019-04-28 09:30 | 02 |    1   |    7   |
|  Data | 2019-04-28 12:30 | 02 |    8   |    0   |
|  Data | 2019-04-28 12:10 | 02 |    3   |    1   |
+-------+------------------+----+--------+--------+

现在我要实现的是每小时为每个ID（在配置的时间内类型为Data）求和Value1。即从28.04到29.04，我想要的输出如下：

+----+------------------+------------------+
| ID | 12:00 28-04-2019 | 14:00 29-04-2019 | 
+----+------------------+------------------+
| 01 |        0         |        7         |
| 02 |       11         |        8         |
+----+------------------+------------------+

我发现很多实例可以每小时对一个ID进行Value1求和，但是我需要有多个ID的输出。

我现在所拥有的是以下查询：

DECLARE @cols NVARCHAR(20000)

SELECT 
    ID,   
    DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, '00:00:00', InsertDate), '00:00:00') as    TruncatedToHour, 
    sum(Value1) as data 
INTO t3
FROM table1 
    WHERE Type = 'Data' AND InsertDate > '2019-04-28 00:00'
GROUP BY 
    ID,
    DATEADD(hour, DATEDIFF(hour, '00:00:00', InsertDate), '00:00:00')

SELECT @cols = LIST(DISTINCT cast(TruncatedToHour as nvarchar(1000)), ', ') FROM t3

此查询返回所有需要的数据（但格式不正确），并动态创建所需表结构的列名（@cols）。现在，我需要创建所需的表结构，并用适当的数据填充它。有人可以帮忙吗？

Answer 1

好的，我找到了适合我的解决方案。我绝对不是Sybase专家，但是我想与社区分享此解决方案。也许这可以帮助某人或某些专家更好地改善它。

我的解决方案（我添加了注释以解释代码的作用）：

DECLARE @delimiter char(1), @quotechar char(1), @pattern varchar(500), @piece varchar(500), @pos int, @datefrom TEXT
DECLARE @cols TEXT
DECLARE @query TEXT

SET @datefrom = '2019-04-26 00:00' --//---> Define the 'date from' here
SET @quotechar = CHAR (39)
SET @delimiter = ','

--//Group everything by id and date and store it to temp table #t3
SELECT 
    ID,   
    DATEADD(minute, -DATEPART(minute, InsertDate), InsertDate) as TruncatedToHour, 
    sum(Value1) as data 
INTO #t3
FROM table1 
    WHERE Type = 'Data' AND InsertDate >= @datefrom
GROUP BY 
    ID,
    DATEADD(minute, -DATEPART(minute, InsertDate), InsertDate)

--//Select distinct the dates and hours from #t3 to create columns for the result table
--//and return them as delimited list
SELECT @cols = LIST(DISTINCT cast(TruncatedToHour as TEXT), ',') FROM #t3

--//Prepare the query which will create the result table
SET @pattern = '%' + @delimiter + '%'
SET @pos =  patindex(@pattern , @cols)
SELECT @query = 'SELECT ID, max (case when TruncatedToHour = ' + @quotechar
--//Loop through all column names from @cols and add them to the query
WHILE @pos <> 0
BEGIN
 SET @piece = LEFT(@cols, @pos - 1)
 --// In @piece we have now a single column name
 SELECT @query = @query + @piece + @quotechar + ' then data else null end) ' +@quotechar +@piece + @quotechar + ', max (case when TruncatedToHour = ' + @quotechar
 SET @cols = stuff(@cols, 1, @pos, '')
 SET @pos =  patindex(@pattern , @cols)
END

SELECT @query = @query + ' INTO #t4 FROM #t3 GROUP BY ID ORDER BY ID'
SELECT @query = REPLACE(@query, ', max (case when TruncatedToHour = ' + @quotechar + ' ', ' ')

--//Execute the @query and collect the data from #t4
EXECUTE(@query)
SELECT * FROM #t4 ORDER BY ID

SQL

1 个答案: