我正在Django中重建一个宝石库存状态报告，该报告最初是在Microsoft Access中构建的。该报告的组织方式如下：
以下是模型的相关部分：
class Deal(models.Model):
deal_name = models.TextField()
class Stone(models.Model):
stoneid = models.TextField(verbose_name='StoneID', unique=True)
dealid = models.ForeignKey(Deal, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
ct_in = models.DecimalField(verbose_name='Carats', max_digits=7, decimal_places=3)
cost_purchase = models.DecimalField(verbose_name='Purchase Cost', max_digits=14, decimal_places=2, null=True, blank=True)
我通过两个查询获取数据-一个用于明细行，另一个用于小计。这是查询：
def dump_stone(request):
query = Stone.objects.filter(Q(dealid_id__deal_name='ABC') | \
Q(dealid_id__deal_name='DEF') | \
Q(dealid_id__deal_name='GHI')).select_related().order_by('dealid_id__deal_name', 'inventory_status', 'stoneid')
totals = Stone.objects.values('dealid', 'inventory_status').annotate(sum_by_deal=Sum('cost_purchase'), sum_ct_in_by_deal=Sum('ct_in'))
按交易状态按状态打印出库存明细表的模板是：
{% block content %}
REPORT:
</br>
{% regroup context by dealid as deal_list %}
{% for dealid in deal_list %}
{{dealid.grouper}}
{% regroup dealid.list by inventory_status as stone_list%}
{% for inventory_status in stone_list %}
{{inventory_status.grouper}}
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>StoneID</th>
<th>Ct</th>
<th>Cost</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for stone in inventory_status.list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ stone.stoneid }}</td>
<td>{{ stone.ct_in|floatformat:2 }}</td>
<td>{{ stone.cost_purchase|prepend_dollars }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
{% endfor %}
{% endblock content %}
总计查询将产生以下输出：
{'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'HistoricFYI', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')}
{'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')}
{'dealid': 2, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')}
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')}
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Memo In', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')}
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')}
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')}
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Test', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}
我想要做的是将总计查询转换成词典的字典，以便我可以按交易，状态访问各个小计，并将它们插入模板中的正确位置带有标签的标签（不会如图所示进行硬编码，但接下来我会继续处理）：
{{deal_dict.1.Sold.sum_by_deal}}
我正在尝试制作一个像这样的字典：
{ 1:
{
‘HistoricFYI’:{’sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000’)},
'Sold:{'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000’)}
},
2:
{
’Sold’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000’)},
},
3:
{
'Inventory’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000’)},
'Memo In’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000’)},
'Sold’: {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}
},
5: {
'Inventory’:{‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75’)},
'Sold’: {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal(‘2’)},
'Test’: {‘sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}
}
}
我已经尝试了一些方法来将合计查询集放入嵌套的字典中：
deal_dict = {}
status_dict = {}
numbers_dict = {}
for things in totals:
print(things)
numbers_dict['sum_by_deal']=things['sum_by_deal']
numbers_dict['sum_ct_in_by_deal']=things['sum_ct_in_by_deal']
status_dict[things['inventory_status']]=dict(numbers_dict)
deal_dict[things['dealid']]=dict(status_dict)
上述代码的问题在于，每笔交易的嵌套字典都包含先前交易的状态，除非交易本身具有针对该状态的自己的数据，该数据会覆盖先前的数据。换句话说，例如对于交易2我得到
{ 2:
{
‘HistoricFYI’:{’sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000’)},
'Sold:{'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000’)}
},
即使它自己没有任何“ HistoricFYI”数据，因为字典仍包含交易1数据。
我也试图像这样清除字典
status_dict.clear()
在每个循环的最后，但我总结了字典，每个字典（出售或测试）的最后状态仅按字母顺序排列。
我也尝试过
deal_dict = {}
for things in totals:
deal_dict.update({things['dealid']:{things['inventory_status']:{'sum_by_deal': things['sum_by_deal'], 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': things['sum_ct_in_by_deal']}}})
但是，这就像在我尝试了clear（）方法时一样，只保留了字典中每笔交易的最后状态。
我不知道如何适应-> Totals/Subtotals in Django template或-> Django: how to process flat queryset to nested dictionary?
如何生成此词典词典，以便可以将小计插入模板，或者以其他方式以某种方式将小计插入正确的位置？非常感谢您的帮助！
答案 0 :(得分：2)
这似乎实现了您想要的嵌套字典：
def regroup_inventory(totals_qset):
for dealid, row_group in groupby(totals_qset, key=itemgetter('dealid')):
yield dealid, {
row['inventory_status']: {
key: val
for key, val in row.items()
if key not in ('dealid', 'inventory_status')
}
for row in row_group
}
注意：这是一个生成器，因此您需要像对dict.items()那样对其进行迭代，或者对结果调用dict()。在您的示例上进行尝试，我得到：
> from decimal import Decimal
> from pprint import pprint
> foo = [
{'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'HistoricFYI', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')},
{'dealid': 1, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')},
{'dealid': 2, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')},
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')},
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Memo In', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')},
{'dealid': 3, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')},
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Inventory', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')},
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Sold', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')},
{'dealid': 5, 'inventory_status': 'Test', 'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'), 'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')},
]
> pprint(dict(regroup_inventory(foo)))
{1: {'HistoricFYI': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('1287750'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('15.1500000000000')},
'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('209138.7100000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('327.810000000000')}},
2: {'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('338726.99000000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('56.2000000000000')}},
3: {'Inventory': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('296754.5900000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('294.970000000000')},
'Memo In': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('192948.340000000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('9.47000000000000')},
'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('154384.57000000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('88.1200000000000')}},
5: {'Inventory': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('187000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('26.75')},
'Sold': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('20000'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('2')},
'Test': {'sum_by_deal': Decimal('13700'),
'sum_ct_in_by_deal': Decimal('19')}}}
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我尚未对此进行测试，但我认为您希望deal_dict成为defaultdict。然后，从thing弹出Dealid和库存状态，并使用它们来填充Deal_dict作为嵌套字典。
from collections import defaultdict
deal_dict = defaultdict(dict)
for thing in totals:
dealid = thing.pop('dealid')
status = thing.pop('inventory_status')
deal_dict[dealid][status] = dict(thing)
编辑：我应该添加一条警告，警告它会突变totals，如果您打算在其他地方再次使用它，将是一个问题。