该程序在返回语句中到底发生了什么?

时间:2019-04-26 13:27:28

标签: java ternary-operator

实际操作是在行返回中执行的

return (num == 1 ? 1 : num * firstFactorial(num - 1 ) );

我们如何获得 8 40320

public class Factorial    {
    public static int firstFactorial(int num)   {
        return (num == 1 ? 1 : num * firstFactorial(num - 1 ) );
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        System.out.println(firstFactorial(8));
    }    
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

该return语句中发生了很多事情。可以这样重写firstFactorial函数:

public static int firstFactorial(int num) {
    if (num == 1) {
       return 1;
    }

    int decreased          = num - 1;
    int recursiveFactorial = firstFactorial(decreased);
    int result             = num * recursiveFactorial;

    return result;
}

首先,这是使用称为 recursion 的技术。该函数使用number参数减小1进行调用。您可以这样想:

1. You call firstFactorial with value of 8
2. firstFactorial(8) calls itself with a value of 7
3. firstFactorial(7) calls itself with a value of 6
...
8. firstFactorial(2) calls itself with a value of 1
9. firstFactorial(1) returns 1 because of the if-statement

在调用自身之后,该函数将递归调用的返回值与自己的参数相乘并返回。因此它将继续这样:

10. firstFactorial(2) multiplies 1 with 2 and returns 2
11. firstFactorial(3) multiplies 2 with 3 and returns 6
10. firstFactorial(4) multiplies 6 with 4 and returns 24
...
14. firstFactorial(8) multiplies 5040 with 8 and returns 40320 to you

所有这些将计算出如下值的能力:8 * 7 * 6 * ... * 1

其余部分或多或少是编码风格和语法糖。 您不需要局部变量,只需一行即可执行调用和操作:

public static int firstFactorial(int num) {
    if (num == 1) {
       return 1;
    }

    return num * firstFactorial(num -1);
}

然后在Java(<cond> ? <true statement> : <false statement>)中有一个三元条件运算符,它使您可以在一行中表示整个函数体:

public static int firstFactorial(int num) {
    if (num == 1) {
       return 1;
    }

    return (num == 1) ? 1 : (num * firstFactorial(num -1));
}