Question

我用下面的代码绘制了不同深度的海洋温度。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


import numpy as np
import netCDF4 as nc
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D


#Reading the netcdf history file
fin = nc.Dataset('roms.nc','r')
lat = fin.variables['lat'][:]
lon = fin.variables['lon'][:]
'''Subsetting of dataset
 It returns the index value not the Latitude Longitude value
'''
latbound = [10,15]               #Range of latitude
lonbound = [80,90]            # range of longitude


# latitude lower and upper index
latli = np.argmin(np.abs(lat - latbound[0]))
latui = np.argmin(np.abs(lat - latbound[1]))

# longitude lower and upper index
lonli = np.argmin(np.abs(lon - lonbound[0]))
lonui = np.argmin(np.abs(lon - lonbound[1]))


temp = fin.variables['temp'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
#salt = fin.variables['salt'][:,:,:,:]
u = fin.variables['u'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
v = fin.variables['v'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
w = fin.variables['w'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
d = fin.variables['depth'][:10]

fin.close()

x,y = np.meshgrid(lon[lonli:lonui],lat[latli:latui])

# create a 3d normal figure
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6,12))
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')


#Draw the earth map using Basemap
# Define lower left, upper right longitude and latitude respectively
extent = [80, 90, 10, 15]
    # Create a basemap instance that draws the Earth layer
bm = Basemap(llcrnrlon=extent[0], llcrnrlat=extent[2],
             urcrnrlon=extent[1], urcrnrlat=extent[3],
             projection='cyl', resolution='l', fix_aspect=False, ax=ax)


# Add Basemap to the figure
ax.add_collection3d(bm.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.25))
ax.add_collection3d(bm.drawcountries(linewidth=0.35))
ax.view_init(azim=300, elev=10)
ax.set_xlabel('Longitude (°E)', labelpad=20)
ax.set_ylabel('Latitude (°N)', labelpad=20)
ax.set_zlabel('Depth (m)', labelpad=20)

# Add meridian and parallel gridlines
lon_step = 1
lat_step = 1
meridians = np.arange(extent[0], extent[1] + lon_step, lon_step)
parallels = np.arange(extent[2], extent[3] + lat_step, lat_step)
ax.set_yticks(parallels)
ax.set_yticklabels(parallels)
ax.set_xticks(meridians)
ax.set_xticklabels(meridians)
#ax.set_zticks(d)
#ax.set_zticklabels(d)
level = np.arange(10.,31.0,1.0)
#spd = np.sqrt(abs(u*u)+abs(v*v))
#skip=(slice(None,None,2),slice(None,None,2))
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[0,:,:],offset=0,levels = level, cmap='jet' , 
alpha=0.8)
#ax.quiver(x, y, d,u, v,w,length=0.5 )
img=ax.contourf(x,y,temp[4,:,:],offset=-25,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[5,:,:],offset=-50,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[6,:,:],offset=-75,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[7,:,:],offset=-100,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[8,:,:],offset=-125,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.8)


#ax.contourf(x,y,spd[5,:,:],offset=-25,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
alpha=0.7)


ax.set_zlim(0., -150)
ax.invert_zaxis()
cax = fig.add_axes([0.15, 0.1, 0.7, 0.02])   # 
(left,bottom,right,top)
fig.colorbar(img,cax, orientation="horizontal")
plt.savefig('3d_plot.png')

但是当我尝试通过取消注释＃ax.quiver（x，y，d，u，v，w，length = 0.5）来绘制当前零件时，它给了我下面的错误。

回溯（最近通话最近）：文件“ 3d_plot.py”，第80行，在 ax.quiver（x，y，d，u，v，w，length = 0.5）在颤抖的文件中添加文件“ /home/navin/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py”，第2582行 bcast = np.broadcast_arrays（*（input_args +掩码））文件“ /home/navin/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/lib/stride_tricks.py”，第252行，位于broadcast_arrays中形状= _broadcast_shape（* args）文件“ /home/navin/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/lib/stride_tricks.py”，第187行，_broadcast_shape b = np.broadcast（* args [：32]） ValueError：形状不匹配：对象无法广播为单个形状

我无法解决它，我已经在平面二维表面上完成了此矢量绘图。但是我不能像绘制不同深度的温度那样绘制它。我正在犯什么错误，或者我缺少什么重要的参数或过程，在对不同深度的电流进行类似绘图时，应该在代码中。这是我正在使用的数据文件的链接 [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1daDkTmmF0KYnMKFnJc_pZ7HFiEbq7vIq/view?usp=sharing][2]

Answer 1

我将x，y和d值作为具有坐标的3D矩阵给出。基本上，添加以下行：

nz=np.size(d);ny,nx=np.shape(x);
xm=np.tile(x,(nz,1,1));
ym=np.tile(y,(nz,1,1));
dm=np.tile(-1.0*d[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis],(1,ny,nx));
ax.quiver(xm, ym, dm,u, v,w,length=0.5 )

到正确的地方。完整的代码在这里：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


import numpy as np
import netCDF4 as nc
import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.use('TKAgg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D


#Reading the netcdf history file
fin = nc.Dataset('roms.nc','r')
lat = fin.variables['lat'][:]
lon = fin.variables['lon'][:]
'''Subsetting of dataset
 It returns the index value not the Latitude Longitude value
'''
latbound = [10,15]               #Range of latitude
lonbound = [80,90]            # range of longitude


# latitude lower and upper index
latli = np.argmin(np.abs(lat - latbound[0]))
latui = np.argmin(np.abs(lat - latbound[1]))

# longitude lower and upper index
lonli = np.argmin(np.abs(lon - lonbound[0]))
lonui = np.argmin(np.abs(lon - lonbound[1]))


temp = fin.variables['temp'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
#salt = fin.variables['salt'][:,:,:,:]
u = fin.variables['u'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
v = fin.variables['v'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
w = fin.variables['w'][3,:10,latli:latui,lonli:lonui]
d = fin.variables['depth'][:10]

fin.close()

x,y = np.meshgrid(lon[lonli:lonui],lat[latli:latui])

# create a 3d normal figure
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6,12))
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')


#Draw the earth map using Basemap
# Define lower left, upper right longitude and latitude respectively
extent = [80, 90, 10, 15]
# Create a basemap instance that draws the Earth layer
bm = Basemap(llcrnrlon=extent[0], llcrnrlat=extent[2],\
             urcrnrlon=extent[1], urcrnrlat=extent[3],\
             projection='cyl', resolution='l', fix_aspect=False, ax=ax)


# Add Basemap to the figure
ax.add_collection3d(bm.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.25))
ax.add_collection3d(bm.drawcountries(linewidth=0.35))
ax.view_init(azim=300, elev=10)
ax.set_xlabel('Longitude (°E)', labelpad=20)
ax.set_ylabel('Latitude (°N)', labelpad=20)
ax.set_zlabel('Depth (m)', labelpad=20)

# Add meridian and parallel gridlines
lon_step = 1
lat_step = 1
meridians = np.arange(extent[0], extent[1] + lon_step, lon_step)
parallels = np.arange(extent[2], extent[3] + lat_step, lat_step)
ax.set_yticks(parallels)
ax.set_yticklabels(parallels)
ax.set_xticks(meridians)
ax.set_xticklabels(meridians)
#ax.set_zticks(d)
#ax.set_zticklabels(d)
level = np.arange(10.,31.0,1.0)
#spd = np.sqrt(abs(u*u)+abs(v*v))
#skip=(slice(None,None,2),slice(None,None,2))
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[0,:,:],offset=0,levels = level, cmap='jet' ,\
alpha=0.8)

#ax.quiver(x, y, d,u, v,w,length=0.5 )

nz=np.size(d);ny,nx=np.shape(x);
xm=np.tile(x,(nz,1,1));
ym=np.tile(y,(nz,1,1));
dm=np.tile(-1.0*d[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis],(1,ny,nx));
ax.quiver(xm, ym, dm,u, v,w,length=0.5 )

img=ax.contourf(x,y,temp[4,:,:],offset=-25,levels=level,cmap='jet',\
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[5,:,:],offset=-50,levels=level,cmap='jet',\
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[6,:,:],offset=-75,levels=level,cmap='jet',\
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[7,:,:],offset=-100,levels=level,cmap='jet',\
alpha=0.8)
ax.contourf(x,y,temp[8,:,:],offset=-125,levels=level,cmap='jet',\
alpha=0.8)


#ax.contourf(x,y,spd[5,:,:],offset=-25,levels=level,cmap='jet', 
#alpha=0.7)

ax.set_zlim(0., -150)
ax.invert_zaxis()
cax = fig.add_axes([0.15, 0.1, 0.7, 0.02])   # (left,bottom,right,top)
fig.colorbar(img,cax, orientation="horizontal")
plt.savefig('3d_plot.png')

在不同深度绘制2D电流

1 个答案: