随着我对FP的深入研究,我对存储从配置文件加载的设置的“最佳”方式感到好奇。我刚刚创建了一个带有所有必要配置变量的case类,并在应用程序启动时进行了设置。然后,我将该案例类传递给需要其信息的任何函数。
但是,这似乎很烦人,特别是当设置案例类必须通过许多函数传播时。有更好的方法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
Reader
monad提供了一种传播配置的方式,而不必在需要它的所有函数中将其作为参数传递。对比以下两个实现:
Reader[Config, String]
从上下文中获取配置object ConfigFunctional extends App {
case class Config(username: String, password: String, host: String)
def encodeCredentials: Reader[Config, String] = Reader { config =>
Base64.getEncoder.encodeToString(s"${config.username}:${config.password}".getBytes())
}
def basicAuth(credentials: String): Reader[Config, String] = Reader { config =>
Http(s"${config.host}/HTTP/Basic/")
.header("Authorization", s"Basic $credentials")
.asString
.body
}
def validateResponse(body: String): Reader[Config, Either[String, String]] = Reader { _ =>
if (body.contains("Your browser made it"))
Right("Credentials are valid!")
else
Left("Wrong credentials")
}
def program: Reader[Config, Either[String, String]] = for {
credentials <- encodeCredentials
response <- basicAuth(credentials)
validation <- validateResponse(response)
} yield validation
val config = Config("guest", "guest", "https://jigsaw.w3.org")
println(program.run(config))
}
object ConfigImperative extends App {
case class Config(username: String, password: String, host: String)
def encodeCredentials(config: Config): String = {
Base64.getEncoder.encodeToString(s"${config.username}:${config.password}".getBytes())
}
def basicAuth(credentials: String, config: Config): String = {
Http(s"${config.host}/HTTP/Basic/")
.header("Authorization", s"Basic $credentials")
.asString
.body
}
def validateResponse(body: String): Either[String, String] = {
if (body.contains("Your browser made it"))
Right("Credentials are valid!")
else
Left("Wrong credentials")
}
def program(config: Config): Either[String, String] = {
val credentials = encodeCredentials(config)
val response = basicAuth(credentials, config)
val validation = validateResponse(response)
validation
}
val config = Config("guest", "guest", "https://jigsaw.w3.org")
println(program(config))
}
两个实现都应该输出Right(Credentials are valid!)
,但是请注意,在第一个实现config: Config
中如何不是方法参数,例如,对比度encodeCredentials
:
def encodeCredentials: Reader[Config, String]
def encodeCredentials(config: Config): String
Config
出现在返回类型中,而不是参数。我们可以将其解释为含义
“当
encodeCredentials
在提供以下内容的上下文中运行时Config
,那么它将产生String
的结果。”
此处的“上下文”由Reader
单子表示。
此外,请注意,即使在主要业务逻辑中,Config
也不是一个参数
def program: Reader[Config, Either[String, String]] = for {
credentials <- encodeCredentials
response <- basicAuth(credentials)
validation <- validateResponse(response)
} yield validation
我们通过Config
函数让方法在包含run
的上下文中求值:
program.run(config)
要运行上述示例,我们需要以下依赖项
scalacOptions += "-Ypartial-unification",
libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
"org.typelevel" %% "cats-core" % "1.6.0",
"org.scalaj" %% "scalaj-http" % "2.4.1"
)
和进口
import cats.data.Reader
import java.util.Base64
import scalaj.http.Http