Question

我正在尝试为项目构建boost FileSystem库。当我尝试构建库时，出现以下错误：

In file included from /usr/include/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:22:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/usr/include/boost/filesystem/operations.hpp:399:8: erreur: ‘bool boost::filesystem::create_directories(const boost::filesystem::path&)’ previously defined here
   bool create_directories(const path& p) {return detail::create_directories(p);}
        ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:38:18: erreur: ‘not_directory_error’ was not declared in this scope
                  not_directory_error ) );
                  ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp: In function ‘std::string boost::filesystem::extension(const boost::filesystem::path&)’:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:49:39: erreur: redefinition of ‘std::string boost::filesystem::extension(const boost::filesystem::path&)’
     BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL std::string extension(const path& ph)
                                       ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:0:
/usr/include/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:34:24: erreur: ‘std::string boost::filesystem::extension(const boost::filesystem::path&)’ previously defined here
     inline std::string extension(const path & p)
                        ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:51:34: erreur: conversion from ‘boost::filesystem::path’ to non-scalar type ‘std::string {aka std::basic_string<char>}’ requested
       std::string leaf = ph.leaf();
                                  ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp: In function ‘std::string boost::filesystem::basename(const boost::filesystem::path&)’:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:60:39: erreur: redefinition of ‘std::string boost::filesystem::basename(const boost::filesystem::path&)’
     BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL std::string basename(const path& ph)
                                       ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:0:
/usr/include/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:39:24: erreur: ‘std::string boost::filesystem::basename(const boost::filesystem::path&)’ previously defined here
     inline std::string basename(const path & p)
                        ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:62:34: erreur: conversion from ‘boost::filesystem::path’ to non-scalar type ‘std::string {aka std::basic_string<char>}’ requested
       std::string leaf = ph.leaf();

这看起来更像是代码问题，而不是链接错误，我无法理解。

首先，我以为我正在使用的GCC（4.8.5）版本是我尝试构建Boost 1.33时遇到的问题。但是，我使用了最新版本的boost测试它，但仍然出现类似的错误。

此外，这是文件Convenience.cpp中的代码，它似乎是错误的根源：


// define BOOST_FILESYSTEM_SOURCE so that <boost/filesystem/config.hpp> knows
// the library is being built (possibly exporting rather than importing code)
#define BOOST_FILESYSTEM_SOURCE 

#include <boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/exception.hpp>
#include <boost/throw_exception.hpp>

#include <boost/config/abi_prefix.hpp> // must be the last header

namespace boost
{
  namespace filesystem
  {

//  create_directories (contributed by Vladimir Prus)  -----------------------//

     BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL bool create_directories(const path& ph)
     {
         if (ph.empty() || exists(ph))
         {
           if ( !ph.empty() && !is_directory(ph) )
               boost::throw_exception( filesystem_error(
                 "boost::filesystem::create_directories",
                 ph, "path exists and is not a directory",
                 not_directory_error ) );
           return false;
         }

         // First create branch, by calling ourself recursively
         create_directories(ph.branch_path());
         // Now that parent's path exists, create the directory
         create_directory(ph);
         return true;
     }

    BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL std::string extension(const path& ph)
    {
      std::string leaf = ph.leaf();

      std::string::size_type n = leaf.rfind('.');
      if (n != std::string::npos)
        return leaf.substr(n);
      else
        return std::string();
    }

    BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL std::string basename(const path& ph)
    {
      std::string leaf = ph.leaf();

      std::string::size_type n = leaf.rfind('.');
      return leaf.substr(0, n);
    }

    BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DECL path change_extension(const path& ph, const std::string& new_extension)
    {
      return ph.branch_path() / (basename(ph) + new_extension);
    }


  } // namespace filesystem
} // namespace boost

这是我正在使用的makefile。（请注意，这里使用了一些环境变量。这些变量已经被分配并且具有正确的值。

###########################################################################
#              Definition of the compiler and it's options
###########################################################################

CCC = ${PRJ_SOLVER} ${PRJ_DEBUG}
CC = ${PRJ_SOLVER_C} ${PRJ_DEBUG}
LD = ${PRJ_LINK} ${PRJ_DEBUG}

###########################################################################
#              Definition of the external includes
###########################################################################

INCLUDE_EXT = -I${HOME}/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1

###########################################################################
#              Sources for /home/slendorm/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem
###########################################################################

DIR_1 =  ${PRJ_MOD_COUR_REP}/src

SRC_1 =  \
    ${DIR_1}/convenience.cpp \
    ${DIR_1}/exception.cpp \
    ${DIR_1}/operations_posix_windows.cpp \
    ${DIR_1}/path_posix_windows.cpp

OBJ_1 =  \
    ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/convenience.o \
    ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/exception.o \
    ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/operations_posix_windows.o \
    ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/path_posix_windows.o

###########################################################################

###########################################################################
#              Includes and object files pour current directory
###########################################################################

INCLUDE_COUR = -I$(DIR_1)

OBJ_COUR = $(OBJ_1)

###########################################################################
#              default compilation
###########################################################################

all: lib

###########################################################################
#              dependancies rules for the sources of the current directory
###########################################################################

${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/convenience.o : $(DIR_1)/convenience.cpp
    @echo "Compilation en C++: $(DIR_1)/convenience.cpp"
    $(CCC) -c $(DIR_1)/convenience.cpp -o ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/convenience.o ${INCLUDE_COUR} ${INCLUDE_EXT}

${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/exception.o : $(DIR_1)/exception.cpp
    @echo "Compilation en C++: $(DIR_1)/exception.cpp"
    $(CCC) -c $(DIR_1)/exception.cpp -o ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/exception.o ${INCLUDE_COUR} ${INCLUDE_EXT}

${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/operations_posix_windows.o : $(DIR_1)/operations_posix_windows.cpp
    @echo "Compilation en C++: $(DIR_1)/operations_posix_windows.cpp"
    $(CCC) -c $(DIR_1)/operations_posix_windows.cpp -o ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/operations_posix_windows.o ${INCLUDE_COUR} ${INCLUDE_EXT}

${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/path_posix_windows.o : $(DIR_1)/path_posix_windows.cpp
    @echo "Compilation en C++: $(DIR_1)/path_posix_windows.cpp"
    $(CCC) -c $(DIR_1)/path_posix_windows.cpp -o ${PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP}/path_posix_windows.o ${INCLUDE_COUR} ${INCLUDE_EXT}

###########################################################################
#              cleaning object files
###########################################################################

clean:
    @echo ""
    @echo "Nettoyage des fichiers objets associes a BoostFileSystem"
    rm -rf $(PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP)/*
    rm -f $(PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP)/.make.state
    @echo ""

###########################################################################
#              creation of static library .a
###########################################################################

lib: ${OBJ_COUR}
    @echo ""
    @echo "Creation de la librairie de BoostFileSystem"
    ar -r $(PRJ_LIB_COUR_REP)/libBoostFileSystem.a $(OBJ_COUR)
    @echo ""

###########################################################################
#              miscelanious
###########################################################################

.INIT:
.DONE:
.SILENT:
${PRJ_KEEP_STATE}:
.SUFFIXES: .o .cc .c

[编辑]

我得到的makefile有一个错误的包含誓言。显然，这引起了一些问题。但是，现在我解决了它，我遇到了不同的错误。这次看起来这些与我正在使用的编译器有关，但是我仍然不确定。我发现人们似乎有一个类似的问题，他们说可以通过将#elsif替换为#else来解决。

在这里

In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply.hpp:23:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp:34,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/path.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply_wrap.hpp:81:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
                               ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply_wrap.hpp:173:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 2
                               ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/bind.hpp:27:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/lambda.hpp:18,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply.hpp:25,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp:34,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/path.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply_wrap.hpp:81:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
                               ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply_wrap.hpp:173:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 2
                               ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/lambda.hpp:18:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply.hpp:25,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp:34,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/path.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/bind.hpp:364:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
                               ^
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/bind.hpp:531:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 2
                               ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/lambda.hpp:22:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply.hpp:25,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp:34,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/path.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/aux_/full_lambda.hpp:230:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
                               ^
In file included from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp:34:0,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/path.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp:16,
                 from /home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/libs/filesystem/src/convenience.cpp:17:
/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/boost/mpl/apply.hpp:138:31: erreur: missing binary operator before token "("
 #elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1

Answer 1

您似乎混合了不同版本的boost。一个来自/usr/include，另一个来自/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/。您需要确保boost包含文件仅来自/home/slendorm/Documents/ASPECT/boost_1_33_1/。

Answer 2

我找到了解决问题的方法。首先，正如Maxim Egorushkin所说，makefile内的include路径存在错误，导致来自两个不同地方的boost包含都出现了。

其次，我在每个预处理器上都遇到了问题包含在.hpp中的 #elif 。

我通过用 #else 和 #if 替换 #elseif 解决了这个问题。

文件结构已从：

#if !defined(BOOST_MPL_PREPROCESSING_MODE)
...
...
#elif BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
...
...
#endif

收件人：

#if !defined(BOOST_MPL_PREPROCESSING_MODE)
...
...
#else
#if BOOST_PP_ITERATION_DEPTH() == 1
...
...
#endif
#endif

但是我不知道为什么这样做。

从头开始构建时，会提高编译错误

2 个答案: