我有一个用于获取数据的串行端口外部设备。我设置了两个计时器。其中一个必须用于绘图(0.5sn),另一个必须用于写入文本文件(15sn)。计时器不应通过列表或数组相互获取数据。因为有时我需要关闭绘图按钮。
所以我必须从同一资源中获取数据(连续数据),对吗?但是当我尝试此操作时,它被阻止了。
以及如何在不阻塞的情况下获取数据? 例如,下面的代码运行时没有阻塞:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/python
import time
import numpy as np
import sys
import wx
def next_data():
t0 = time.time()
return t0
class MyFrame1 ( wx.Frame ):
def __init__( self, parent ):
wx.Frame.__init__ ( self, parent, id = wx.ID_ANY, title = wx.EmptyString, pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.Size( 223,183 ), style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL )
self.SetSizeHints( wx.DefaultSize, wx.DefaultSize )
bSizer1 = wx.BoxSizer( wx.VERTICAL )
self.toggleBtn1 = wx.ToggleButton( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Btn 1(enabled)", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
bSizer1.Add( self.toggleBtn1, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
self.toggleBtn2 = wx.ToggleButton( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Btn 2(enabled)", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
bSizer1.Add( self.toggleBtn2, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
self.SetSizer( bSizer1 )
self.Layout()
self.timer1 = wx.Timer()
self.timer1.SetOwner( self, 1 )
self.timer1.Start( 1000 )
self.timer2 = wx.Timer()
self.timer2.SetOwner( self, 2 )
self.timer2.Start( 1000 )
self.Centre( wx.BOTH )
# Connect Events
self.toggleBtn1.Bind( wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, self.btn1_f )
self.toggleBtn2.Bind( wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, self.btn2_f )
self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.timer1_f, id=1 )
self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.timer2_f, id=2 )
def btn1_f( self, event ):
event.Skip()
def btn2_f( self, event ):
event.Skip()
def timer1_f( self, event ):
t1 = next_data()
print("t1 : ",t1)
def timer2_f( self, event ):
t2 = next_data()
print("t2*****: ",t2)
app = wx.App()
f = MyFrame1(None)
f.Show(True)
app.MainLoop()
它会打印(按预期):
t2*****: 1555568620.1363716
t1 : 1555568620.1363716
t2*****: 1555568621.1300163
t1 : 1555568621.1300163
但是我的串口不能像上面那样正确工作:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/python
import time
import numpy as np
import sys
import wx
import serial
ser = serial.Serial('COM9',9600)
def next_data():
#===========================================================================
# for line in ser:
# return line
#===========================================================================
data_str = ser.read(ser.inWaiting())
return data_str
## also the commented above 2 lines gave same output.
class MyFrame1 ( wx.Frame ):
def __init__( self, parent ):
wx.Frame.__init__ ( self, parent, id = wx.ID_ANY, title = wx.EmptyString, pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.Size( 223,183 ), style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL )
self.SetSizeHints( wx.DefaultSize, wx.DefaultSize )
bSizer1 = wx.BoxSizer( wx.VERTICAL )
self.toggleBtn1 = wx.ToggleButton( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Btn 1(enabled)", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
bSizer1.Add( self.toggleBtn1, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
self.toggleBtn2 = wx.ToggleButton( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Btn 2(enabled)", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 )
bSizer1.Add( self.toggleBtn2, 1, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 5 )
self.SetSizer( bSizer1 )
self.Layout()
self.timer1 = wx.Timer()
self.timer1.SetOwner( self, 1 )
self.timer1.Start( 1000 )
self.timer2 = wx.Timer()
self.timer2.SetOwner( self, 2 )
self.timer2.Start( 1000 )
self.Centre( wx.BOTH )
# Connect Events
self.toggleBtn1.Bind( wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, self.btn1_f )
self.toggleBtn2.Bind( wx.EVT_TOGGLEBUTTON, self.btn2_f )
self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.timer1_f, id=1 )
self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.timer2_f, id=2 )
def btn1_f( self, event ):
event.Skip()
def btn2_f( self, event ):
event.Skip()
def timer1_f( self, event ):
t1 = next_data()
print("t1 : ",t1)
def timer2_f( self, event ):
t2 = next_data()
print("t2*****: ",t2)
app = wx.App()
f = MyFrame1(None)
f.Show(True)
app.MainLoop()
及其输出如下:
t2*****: b'\xb5b\x010\x04\x018\>$GNRMC,063337.00.....$GNGGA...
t1 : b''
t2*****: b'\xb5b\x010\x04\x01\x18\>$GNRMC,063338.00.....$GNGGA...
t1 : b''
和(注释两行):
t2*****: b'$GPGSV,3,1,11,05,43,248,30,07,31,068,12,08,15,048,23,09,16,128,30*7B\r\n'
t1 : b'$GPGSV,3,2,11,13,42,311,27,15,10,310,18,17,04,157,09,28,70,161,27*72\r\n'
可以看出,t1
是不获取数据还是t1
是仅获取下一个。我还设置了计时器(100毫秒),但输出相同。有人可以指导我吗,我想念什么?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
对于Gui / wxpython的非阻塞操作,您需要使用线程, 您可以使用wx.lib.delayedresult
或者您可以使用我更喜欢的“线程化” python模块
如果您还需要从串行端口获取文本数据,也应该使用utf-8对其进行解码,例如:
ser = serial.Serial('COM9',9600)
try:
line = ser.readline()
line = line.decode("utf-8")
except UnicodeDecodeError:
line = "\ncan't decode from serial, choose different baudrate\n"
print(line) # or do whatever you want with line
这也是使用线程读取串行端口的示例,您可以将其用作您要做什么的想法
我在代码中添加了解释性注释
from threading import Thread
from time import sleep
# you can define a class inherited from Thread class or simply use a function
class ReadData(Thread):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.running = True # used as signal to kill the thread
self.ser = serial.Serial('COM9',9600) # open serial
def run(self): # run method need to be defined for threading to work
while self.running:
print('running')
sleep(1)
self.ser.close()
def read(self): # reading data from port
if ser.is_open:
try:
line = ser.readline()
line = line.decode("utf-8") # decode data
except UnicodeDecodeError:
line = "\ncan't decode from serial, choose different baudrate\n"
display(line)
line = ""
def kill(self): # terminate thread safely
self.running = False
read_data = ReadData() # define new thread object
read_data.start() # start the thread
sleep(5)
# in case you want to kill the running thread
print('killing running thread')
read_data.kill()
编辑:
要在线程和主GUI之间进行通信,即,要安全地传递串行数据,应避免使用全局变量,而应使用队列,您可以检查answer以了解如何使用它们
答案 1 :(得分:0)
您不需要使用2个计时器来定期保存数据。而且您也不需要使用线程。只需在主Frame类(或带有Timer并收集数据的类)中保留一个计数器变量,您的示例就足够简单,可能不需要拆分),然后使用该变量来确定何时写入数据。另外:保持从串行端口读取的数据在同一类的数组中,以便可以对其进行绘制或保存,或者进行其他操作:
在MyFrame1.__init__()
中添加
self.last_saved_time = 0
self.plotting = True
self.data = []
然后在MyFrame1.timer1()
中做
# read and save data
t1 = next_data()
self.data.append(t1) # (or do more parsing, convert to numpy arrays, etc
# send to plotting if it is enabled
if self.plotting:
self.plot_data()
# save if needed
now = time.time()
if (now - self.last_saved_time) > 15:
self.save_data_to_file()
同样,您不一定需要两个计时器或线程。您可以可以在单独的线程中进行绘图或I / O,但是步伐相对较慢。
最终将代码拆分为带有自己的事件循环的“数据收集器”类,然后将其转移到GUI框架以根据需要进行绘制,可能会更明智。但是示例很小,以至于不需要这种重构。