停靠一个小部件时,我希望它可以改变方向,并且相对于停靠件的扩展方式具有最小的尺寸。
即
问题是,每当方向改变时,扩展坞就会呈现看似任意的宽度或高度。我无法找到一种在停靠时将停靠小部件调整大小/强制使其达到特定大小的方法。我尝试了无数种方法来覆盖sizeHint
,minimumSizeHint
,调用adjustSize
和摆弄sizePolicy
。
如何确保初始基座尺寸?
我的基本应用程序如下:
应用程序显示主要和次要信息以及相应的控件集。包含主要和次要内容的选项卡小部件被设置为中央小部件。一个QStackedWidget分别位于各个仪表板中的控件中。当选项卡更改时,将显示相应的仪表板。下面的 基本应用程序代码 中给出了此代码。
困难在于,改变仪表板的方向会破坏基座的尺寸。
要调整仪表板方向,我可以考虑两种合理的解决方案:
resizeEvent
或dockLocationChanged
信号resizeEvent
在我看来,这是更可取的选择。它为用户提供了最大的灵活性。如果他们不喜欢停靠的方向,则将其拖到特定的限制范围内将允许他们更改停靠的方向。在这里,我检查宽度是否大于身高。
class MyDock(QtWidgets.QDockWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(MyDock, self).__init__()
def resizeEvent(self, event):
size = event.size()
is_wide = size.width() > size.height()
container_object = self.widget().currentWidget()
if is_wide:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.LeftToRight)
else:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.TopToBottom)
下面在 调整大小方法 中给出了完整的代码。
dockLocationChange
上的方向随着调整大小事件一直发生,另一种方法可能是仅在停靠站位置更改时更改方向。为此,请将功能连接到dockLocationChanged
信号并根据扩展坞调整方向。
class MyDock(QtWidgets.QDockWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(MyDock, self).__init__()
self.dockLocationChanged.connect(self.dock_location_changed)
def dock_location_changed(self, area):
top = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.TopDockWidgetArea
bottom = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.BottomDockWidgetArea
container_object = self.widget().currentWidget()
if area in [top, bottom]:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.LeftToRight)
else:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.TopToBottom)
该程序包含5个独立的类。
对于
MyWindow
,PrimaryDashboard
和SecondaryDashboard
分离的原因应该很清楚。
对于
MyDock
和DockContainer
分离是为了方便覆盖sizeHint
,setDirection
或其他方法。
import qtpy
from qtpy import QtWidgets, QtGui, QtCore
import sys
class PrimaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(PrimaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary dashboard')
self.ok = QtWidgets.QPushButton('OK')
self.cancel = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Cancel')
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addWidget(self.ok)
self.layout.addWidget(self.cancel)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class SecondaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(SecondaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary dashboard')
self.descr1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 1')
self.check1 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
self.descr2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 2')
self.check2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.grid = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr1, 0, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check1, 0, 1)
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr2, 1, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check2, 1, 1)
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addLayout(self.grid)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class DockContainer(QtWidgets.QStackedWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(DockContainer, self).__init__()
class MyDock(QtWidgets.QDockWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(MyDock, self).__init__()
class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWindow, self).__init__(parent=parent)
self.resize(600, 400)
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.tab_widget = QtWidgets.QTabWidget()
self.tab1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary content')
self.tab2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary content')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab1, 'Primary')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab2, 'Secondary')
self.tab_widget.currentChanged.connect(self.tab_selected)
self.primary_dashboard = PrimaryDashboard()
self.secondary_dashboard = SecondaryDashboard()
self.dashboard = DockContainer()
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dock = MyDock()
self.dock.setWidget(self.dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
def init_layout(self):
self.main_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tab_widget)
self.main_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.main_widget.setLayout(self.main_layout)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
def tab_selected(self):
tab_index = self.tab_widget.currentIndex()
if self.tab_widget.tabText(tab_index) == 'Secondary':
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
else: # Primary
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
此代码与 基本应用程序代码 相同,但在停靠小部件中覆盖了resizeEvent
。
import qtpy
from qtpy import QtWidgets, QtGui, QtCore
import sys
class PrimaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(PrimaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary dashboard')
self.ok = QtWidgets.QPushButton('OK')
self.cancel = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Cancel')
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addWidget(self.ok)
self.layout.addWidget(self.cancel)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class SecondaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(SecondaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary dashboard')
self.descr1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 1')
self.check1 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
self.descr2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 2')
self.check2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.grid = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr1, 0, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check1, 0, 1)
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr2, 1, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check2, 1, 1)
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addLayout(self.grid)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class DockContainer(QtWidgets.QStackedWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(DockContainer, self).__init__()
class MyDock(QtWidgets.QDockWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(MyDock, self).__init__()
def resizeEvent(self, event):
size = event.size()
is_wide = size.width() > size.height()
container_object = self.widget().currentWidget()
if is_wide:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.LeftToRight)
else:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.TopToBottom)
class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWindow, self).__init__(parent=parent)
self.resize(600, 400)
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.tab_widget = QtWidgets.QTabWidget()
self.tab1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary content')
self.tab2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary content')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab1, 'Primary')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab2, 'Secondary')
self.tab_widget.currentChanged.connect(self.tab_selected)
self.primary_dashboard = PrimaryDashboard()
self.secondary_dashboard = SecondaryDashboard()
self.dashboard = DockContainer()
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dock = MyDock()
self.dock.setWidget(self.dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
def init_layout(self):
self.main_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tab_widget)
self.main_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.main_widget.setLayout(self.main_layout)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
def tab_selected(self):
tab_index = self.tab_widget.currentIndex()
if self.tab_widget.tabText(tab_index) == 'Secondary':
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
else: # Primary
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
dockLocationChanged
方法此代码与 基本应用程序代码 相同,但是将dockLocationChanged
信号连接到根据当前停靠位置调整方向的方法。
import qtpy
from qtpy import QtWidgets, QtGui, QtCore
import sys
class PrimaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(PrimaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary dashboard')
self.ok = QtWidgets.QPushButton('OK')
self.cancel = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Cancel')
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addWidget(self.ok)
self.layout.addWidget(self.cancel)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class SecondaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(SecondaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary dashboard')
self.descr1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 1')
self.check1 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
self.descr2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 2')
self.check2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.grid = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr1, 0, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check1, 0, 1)
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr2, 1, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check2, 1, 1)
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addLayout(self.grid)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
class DockContainer(QtWidgets.QStackedWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(DockContainer, self).__init__()
class MyDock(QtWidgets.QDockWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(MyDock, self).__init__()
self.dockLocationChanged.connect(self.dock_location_changed)
def dock_location_changed(self, area):
top = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.TopDockWidgetArea
bottom = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.BottomDockWidgetArea
# left = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.LeftDockWidgetArea
# right = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.RightDockWidgetArea
container_object = self.widget().currentWidget()
if area in [top, bottom]:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.LeftToRight)
else:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.TopToBottom)
class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWindow, self).__init__(parent=parent)
self.resize(600, 400)
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.tab_widget = QtWidgets.QTabWidget()
self.tab1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary content')
self.tab2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary content')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab1, 'Primary')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab2, 'Secondary')
self.tab_widget.currentChanged.connect(self.tab_selected)
self.primary_dashboard = PrimaryDashboard()
self.secondary_dashboard = SecondaryDashboard()
self.dashboard = DockContainer()
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dock = MyDock()
self.dock.setWidget(self.dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
def init_layout(self):
self.main_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tab_widget)
self.main_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.main_widget.setLayout(self.main_layout)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
def tab_selected(self):
tab_index = self.tab_widget.currentIndex()
if self.tab_widget.tabText(tab_index) == 'Secondary':
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
else: # Primary
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
答案 0 :(得分:0)
将应用程序视为一组Matryoshka dolls。内部玩偶的大小决定了随后的外部玩偶的大小。显然,一个内在的洋娃娃不能大于其中的一个! QWidgets的建模方式与此类似。
默认情况下,不提供大小提示的复合窗口小部件将 可以根据其子窗口小部件的空间要求进行调整大小。
QWidget.sizeHint()的文档继续说,
QWidget.sizeHint()的默认实现返回 如果此小部件没有布局,则尺寸无效,并返回 布局的首选尺寸。
总而言之,小部件的大小从内到外根据布局而定。
如果要为基本应用程序代码中的每个对象实现resizeEvent
1 ,您将看到以下大小调整顺序,< / p>
PrimaryDashboard
resizeEvent DockContainer
resizeEvent MyDock
resizeEvent 这是我们期望的嵌套。首先咨询PrimaryDashboard
的大小,然后咨询DockContainer
,然后咨询MyDock
。从技术上讲,它一直是小部件。但是,PrimaryDashboard
包含的按钮和标签在大多数情况下应小于MainWindow的宽度/高度。序列中第一个会显着影响码头尺寸的玩偶是PrimaryDashboard
。
使用resizeEvent
检查event.size()
,我们可以看到水平仪表板的合理最小值是120
像素的高度,而垂直方向的合理最小宽度是{ {1}}。然后可以将146
设置为返回sizeHint()
,并使每个仪表板 2 的最小值返回minimumSizeHint()
。实际上,这告诉应用程序首选最小尺寸为(146, 120)
,同时仍允许总体上调整大小。
(146, 120)
使用固定的大小,这是很危险的,因为绝对值是不容忍的,并且根据定义不灵活。但是,内容可能具有自然的最小大小 3 。我们可以简单地在整个应用程序上def sizeHint(self):
return self.minimumSizeHint()
def minimumSizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(146, 120)
,而不是将大小调整为小于setMinimumSize()
。
要更改停靠窗口小部件内容的方向,我们可以使用minimumSizeHint()
信号。我们还可以使代码比问题中的代码更加整洁。可以在dockLocationChanged
内的实例级别连接它,而不是在Dock小部件中连接信号。实际上,根本不需要定义MyWindow
。普通的MyDock
就足够了。
QDockWidget
1。如何实现这样的import qtpy
from qtpy import QtWidgets, QtGui, QtCore
import sys
class PrimaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(PrimaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary dashboard')
self.ok = QtWidgets.QPushButton('OK')
self.cancel = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Cancel')
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addWidget(self.ok)
self.layout.addWidget(self.cancel)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
def sizeHint(self):
return self.minimumSizeHint()
def minimumSizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(146, 120)
class SecondaryDashboard(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(SecondaryDashboard, self).__init__()
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary dashboard')
self.descr1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 1')
self.check1 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
self.descr2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Thing 2')
self.check2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox()
def init_layout(self):
self.layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.grid = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr1, 0, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check1, 0, 1)
self.grid.addWidget(self.descr2, 1, 0)
self.grid.addWidget(self.check2, 1, 1)
self.layout.addWidget(self.label)
self.layout.addLayout(self.grid)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
def setDirection(self, direction):
self.layout.setDirection(direction)
def sizeHint(self):
return self.minimumSizeHint()
def minimumSizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(146, 120)
class DockContainer(QtWidgets.QStackedWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(DockContainer, self).__init__()
def dock_location_changed(self, area):
top = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.TopDockWidgetArea
bottom = QtCore.Qt.DockWidgetArea.BottomDockWidgetArea
container_object = self.currentWidget()
if area in [top, bottom]:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.LeftToRight)
else:
container_object.setDirection(QtWidgets.QBoxLayout.TopToBottom)
class MyWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWindow, self).__init__(parent=parent)
# Force minimumSize to ensure a sensible dashboard size
self.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(600, 400))
self.init_widgets()
self.init_layout()
def init_widgets(self):
self.tab_widget = QtWidgets.QTabWidget()
self.tab1 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Primary content')
self.tab2 = QtWidgets.QLabel('Secondary content')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab1, 'Primary')
self.tab_widget.addTab(self.tab2, 'Secondary')
self.tab_widget.currentChanged.connect(self.tab_selected)
self.primary_dashboard = PrimaryDashboard()
self.secondary_dashboard = SecondaryDashboard()
self.dashboard = DockContainer()
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.addWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.dock = QtWidgets.QDockWidget()
self.dock.setWidget(self.dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
# Connect signal at the main application level
self.dock.dockLocationChanged.connect(self.dashboard.dock_location_changed)
def init_layout(self):
self.main_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tab_widget)
self.main_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.main_widget.setLayout(self.main_layout)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
def tab_selected(self):
tab_index = self.tab_widget.currentIndex()
if self.tab_widget.tabText(tab_index) == 'Secondary':
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.secondary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
else: # Primary
self.dashboard.setCurrentWidget(self.primary_dashboard)
self.addDockWidget(QtCore.Qt.BottomDockWidgetArea, self.dock)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
来查看谁正在调整大小:
resizeEvent
2。一个自然的问题是,“为什么不简单地将 def resizeEvent(self, event):
print('resizeEvent for ', self, flush=True)
设置为返回最小大小而不是调用sizeHint()
?我得到的最佳答复是,“它不能那样工作。” 仅设置minimumSizeHint()
并不能将扩展坞的大小调整到您所期望的最小。
sizeHint()
和sizeHint()
方法是虚函数。我的猜测是Qt还有其他我们不了解的功能,它们独立地引用这些方法,要求我们以这种方式定义事物。
3。例如,如果内容是地图,则用户不太可能希望该地图为minimumSizeHint()
。此外,有合理的假设,除非用户在移动设备上,否则其屏幕分辨率不会低于10px x 10px
。但是,如果您正在使用PySide或PyQt5开发移动设备,则应该问自己一些重要问题,例如“为什么?” 。