matplotlib弹出窗口中发生错误（AttributeError：“ NoneType”对象没有属性“ set_canvas”）

Question

我试图在弹出窗口中绘制图形。它弹出。但是有一个错误。

import tkinter as tk
window = tk.Tk()
window.configure(background='white')


label_1 = tk.Label(window, text="Conpyright 123456789123456798", anchor=tk.S)
label_1.pack()

ws = window.winfo_screenwidth()
hs = window.winfo_screenheight()
w = 980  # width for the Tk root
h = 600  # height for the Tk root
x = (ws / 2) - (w / 2)
y = (hs / 2) - (h / 2)



window.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (w, h, x, y))
canvas = tk.Canvas(window, bg="white", width=980, height=580, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.pack()
canvas_scroll = tk.Scrollbar(canvas, command=canvas.yview)
canvas_scroll.place(relx=1, rely=0, relheight=1, anchor=tk.NE)
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=canvas_scroll.set, scrollregion=())



minw_var = tk.DoubleVar()
entry_minw_number = tk.Entry(canvas, textvariable=minw_var)
canvas.create_window(220,215, window=entry_minw_number)

maxw_var = tk.DoubleVar()
entry_maxw_number = tk.Entry(canvas, textvariable=maxw_var)
canvas.create_window(355,215, window=entry_maxw_number)


minl_var = tk.DoubleVar()
entry_minl_number = tk.Entry(canvas, textvariable=minl_var)
canvas.create_window(220,240, window=entry_minl_number)

maxl_var = tk.DoubleVar()
entry_maxl_number = tk.Entry(canvas, textvariable=maxl_var)
canvas.create_window(355,240, window=entry_maxl_number)

rect_var = tk.IntVar()
entry_rect_number = tk.Entry(canvas, textvariable=rect_var)
canvas.create_window(290,270, window=entry_rect_number)

这是matplotlib的一部分

----------------------------------------------------- --------------------------

def plot_sheet(self):
    fig,ax = plt.subplots(1)
    ax.set_xlim([0, self.W]) 
    ax.set_ylim([0, self.L]) 
    recs = []
    for i in range(len(self.rect_list)):
        if self.rect_rotate[i]:
            ax.add_patch(patches.Rectangle((self.rect_pos[i][0], self.rect_pos[i][1]), self.rect_list[i].l, self.rect_list[i].w,linewidth=3,edgecolor='r'))
        else:
            ax.add_patch(patches.Rectangle((self.rect_pos[i][0], self.rect_pos[i][1]), self.rect_list[i].w, self.rect_list[i].l,linewidth=3,edgecolor='r'))
    #plt.show()
    return fig
def plot_sheets(self):
    for i in range(len(self.sheets)):
        self.sheets[i].plot_sheet()

def cal_culate1():

    fig = packing_options[best_index].plot_sheets()

    dataPlot = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master = window)
    dataPlot.show()
    dataPlot.get_tk_widget().pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=1)

window.mainloop()

我写了dataPlot = FigureCanvasTkAgg（fig，master = window）。 master = window错误。

  

文件“”，第687行，位于cal_culate1中       dataPlot = FigureCanvasTkAgg（fig，master = window）

     

文件“ C：\ Users \ sel \ Anaconda3 \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends_backend_tk.py”，第204行， init       超级（FigureCanvasTk，自身）。初始化（图）

     

文件“ C：\ Users \ sel \ Anaconda3 \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backend_bases.py”，行1618， init       Figure.set_canvas（self）

     

AttributeError：“ NoneType”对象没有属性“ set_canvas”

在那里应该写什么？

Answer 1

您没有显示如何创建用于绘图的类，因此我只能在这里假设。首先创建一个空列表：

import tkinter as tk
window = tk.Tk()
window.configure(background='white')
figure_holder = []

然后在创建figure时追加到列表：

def plot_sheets(self):
    for i in range(len(self.sheets)):
        a = self.sheets[i].plot_sheet()
        figure_holder.append(a)

在绘制figure对象时从列表中获取它：

def cal_culate1():

    fig = figure_holder[0]

    dataPlot = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master = window)
    #dataPlot.show()
    dataPlot.get_tk_widget().pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=1)

Answer 2

我做了一个最小的工作示例，展示了如何做到这一点。

这将需要对您的代码进行更改，但是我不知道您在代码中所拥有的内容，并且您也没有创建最小的工作示例。

它使用generate_all_figures（无plot_sheets）在s中创建三个数字（在您的代码中，其中plot_sheet为s），并保持在列表中。

window显示此列表中的第一个图形。

Buttons删除包含图形的画布，并使用列表中的下一个/上一个图形创建新的画布。

我使用grid()代替pack()，因为这样我可以轻松地将新画布放在同一位置。

import tkinter as tk
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

class MyClass():

    def __init__(self):

        self.sheets = [[1,2,3], [3,1,2], [1,5,1]]
        self.W = 2
        self.L = 5
        self.all_figures = []

    def plot_sheet(self, data):
        """plot single figure"""

        fig, ax = plt.subplots(1)

        ax.set_xlim([0, self.W]) 
        ax.set_ylim([0, self.L])

        ax.plot(data)

        return fig

    def generate_all_figures(self):
        """create all figures and keep them on list"""

        for data in self.sheets:
            fig = self.plot_sheet(data)
            self.all_figures.append(fig)

def show_figure(number):
    global dataPlot

    # remove old canvas
    if dataPlot is not None: # at start there is no canvas to destroy
        dataPlot.get_tk_widget().destroy()

    # get figure from list
    one_figure = my_class.all_figures[number]

    # display canvas with figuere
    dataPlot = FigureCanvasTkAgg(one_figure, master=window)
    dataPlot.draw()
    dataPlot.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0, column=0)

def on_prev():
    global selected_figure

    # get number of previous figure
    selected_figure -= 1
    if selected_figure < 0:
        selected_figure = len(my_class.all_figures)-1

    show_figure(selected_figure)

def on_next():
    global selected_figure

    # get number of next figure
    selected_figure += 1
    if selected_figure > len(my_class.all_figures)-1:
        selected_figure = 0

    show_figure(selected_figure)

# --- main ---

my_class = MyClass()
my_class.generate_all_figures()

window = tk.Tk()
window.rowconfigure(0, minsize=500)    # minimal height
window.columnconfigure(0, minsize=700) # minimal width

# display first figure    
selected_figure = 0
dataPlot = None # default value for `show_figure`
show_figure(selected_figure)

# add buttons to change figures
frame = tk.Frame(window)
frame.grid(row=1, column=0)

b1 = tk.Button(frame, text="<<", command=on_prev)
b1.grid(row=0, column=0)

b2 = tk.Button(frame, text=">>", command=on_next)
b2.grid(row=0, column=1)

window.mainloop()

---

可能无需替换画布即可完成，而是替换剧情中的数据（fig.data，ax.data ???我不记得了）