当我们开始Django项目时，我们创建了迁移并进行了迁移，但是现在，当我们想要更改数据模型并运行makemigrations时，会收到一条大错误消息（请参见下文）。追溯消息后，我发现在运行迁移时评论path('', include('quizarchiv.urls')),谎言时一切都很好。所以我想我有两个问题：
这是我们models.py的一部分（相当长）：
class questioncategory(models.Model):
cat_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
cat_name = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True)
class question(models.Model):
q_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
q_title = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True)
q_question = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
f_kat = models.ForeignKey(questioncategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
COMPUTER:FOLDER USERNAME$ python3 manage.py migrate
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 383, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: questioncategory
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
main()
File "manage.py", line 17, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 361, in execute
self.check()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 390, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 65, in _run_checks
issues.extend(super()._run_checks(**kwargs))
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 377, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 72, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 40, in check_url_namespaces_unique
all_namespaces = _load_all_namespaces(resolver)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 57, in _load_all_namespaces
url_patterns = getattr(resolver, 'url_patterns', [])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 571, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 564, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/USERNAME/PROJECTPATH/web/web/urls.py", line 22, in <module>
path('', include('quiz.urls')),
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/USERNAME/PROJECTPATH/web/quizarchiv/urls.py", line 2, in <module>
from . import views
File "/Users/USERNAME/PROJECTPATH/web/quizarchiv/views.py", line 20, in <module>
from .forms import ErstelleFrage, ErstelleSession, ErstelleAsset, ErstelleHinweis, ErstelleTeam, ErstelleKategorie
File "/Users/USERNAME/PROJECTPATH/web/quizarchiv/forms.py", line 8, in <module>
class ErstelleFrage(forms.Form):
File "/Users/USERNAME/PROJECTPATH/web/quizarchiv/forms.py", line 12, in ErstelleFrage
f_kategorie = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[(kat.kategorie_id, kat.k_name) for kat in FrageKategorie.objects.all()], label="Kategorie")
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 274, in __iter__
self._fetch_all()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1242, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 55, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1097, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 99, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 383, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: no such table: questioncategory
答案 0 :(得分：0)
问题不是您的网址包含。问题是在ErstelleFrage表单中，您正在类级别执行查询，该查询在导入时执行；仅仅是include会导致导入该表单。
永远不要在这样的字段或表单定义中进行查询。在这种情况下，您应该将ModelChoiceField与查询集一起使用，而不是将ChoiceC与明确选择的选择集一起使用。