Question

我有一个表，其中包含用户的操作（例如，查看页面，单击按钮等）。每行包含一个user_id，一个日期（created_on）和该操作的名称。我想创建一个查询，针对每个日期创建一个嵌套字段，其中包含该日期之前（包括该日期）采取的不同操作。例如，我有一个名为user_actions的表：

-------------------------------------
| user_id |    date    |   action   |
-------------------------------------
|    1    | 2018-04-01 |    click   |
|    2    | 2018-04-01 |     view   |
|    1    | 2018-04-02 |     view   |
|    2    | 2018-04-02 |     view   |
|    2    | 2018-04-03 |      buy   |
-------------------------------------

would result in

-------------------------------------
| user_id |    date    |   actions  |
-------------------------------------
|    1    | 2018-04-01 |     click  |
|    2    | 2018-04-01 |     view   |
|    1    | 2018-04-02 |     click  |
|    2    | 2018-04-02 |     view   |
|         |            |     view   |
|    2    | 2018-04-03 |     view   |
|    2    |            |      buy   |
-------------------------------------

在第二个表中，操作是嵌套的重复字段。我知道在一个时间点上我可以使用类似于以下内容的东西：

SELECT
    user_id,
    date,
    ARRAY(action)
FROM
    user_actions
GROUP BY
    1,2

但是，我不确定如何扩展此范围，以便为原始表中的每个日期提供相同的计算，并且仅查看date字段之前的时间。

任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢！

Answer 1

为该日期之前（包括该日期）执行的不同操作创建一个嵌套字段

以下是用于BigQuery Standrad SQL

#standardSQL
SELECT user_id, date, 
  ARRAY(
    SELECT DISTINCT action FROM UNNEST(actions) action
  ) actions
FROM (
  SELECT user_id, date, ARRAY_AGG(action) OVER(win) actions
  FROM `project.dataset.table`
  WINDOW win AS (
    PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date 
    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
  )
)

您可以使用问题中的示例数据来进行测试，如上示例所示

#standardSQL
WITH `project.dataset.table` AS (
  SELECT 1 user_id, '2018-04-01' date, 'click' action UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-01', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 1, '2018-04-02', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-02', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-03', 'buy' 
)
SELECT user_id, date, 
  ARRAY(
    SELECT DISTINCT action FROM UNNEST(actions) action
  ) actions
FROM (
  SELECT user_id, date, ARRAY_AGG(action) OVER(win) actions
  FROM `project.dataset.table`
  WINDOW win AS (
    PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date 
    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
  )
)
-- ORDER BY date, user_id

有结果

更新

以下版本支持同一天在同一用户的多个操作下更通用的情况（我意识到最初的回答不是这种情况）

#standardSQL
SELECT user_id, date, 
  ARRAY(
    SELECT DISTINCT action FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(actions)) action
  ) actions
FROM (
  SELECT user_id, date , STRING_AGG(actions) OVER(win) actions
  FROM (
    SELECT user_id, date, STRING_AGG(DISTINCT action) actions
    FROM `project.dataset.table`
    GROUP BY user_id, date
  )
  WINDOW win AS (
    PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date 
    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
  )
)

您可以使用以下示例数据对其进行测试（请注意具有活动='play'的extyra行）

#standardSQL
WITH `project.dataset.table` AS (
  SELECT 1 user_id, DATE '2018-04-01' date, 'click' action UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-01', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 1, '2018-04-02', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 1, '2018-04-02', 'play' UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-02', 'view' UNION ALL
  SELECT 2, '2018-04-03', 'buy' 
)
SELECT user_id, date, 
  ARRAY(
    SELECT DISTINCT action FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(actions)) action
  ) actions
FROM (
  SELECT user_id, date , STRING_AGG(actions) OVER(win) actions
  FROM (
    SELECT user_id, date, STRING_AGG(DISTINCT action) actions
    FROM `project.dataset.table`
    GROUP BY user_id, date
  )
  WINDOW win AS (
    PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date 
    ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
  )
)
-- ORDER BY date, user_id

有结果

BigQuery-获取到给定时间点的不同值

1 个答案: