我正在开发一个依赖于SqlServer的PS模块。
这是模块清单文件：
@{
ModuleVersion = "1.0.19103.11"
GUID = "59bc8fa6-b480-4226-9bcc-ec243102f3cc"
Author = "..."
CompanyName = "..."
Copyright = "..."
Description = "..."
RequiredModules = ""
ScriptsToProcess = "vsts\config.ps1"
NestedModules = @( ... )
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = @(
"SqlServer"
)
}
}
}
以下是我用来发布模块的命令：
if (Get-PSRepository $PSRepositoryName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
{
Unregister-PSRepository $PSRepositoryName
}
Register-PSRepository $PSRepositoryName `
-SourceLocation $NuGetRepoUrl `
-PublishLocation $NuGetRepoUrl `
-InstallationPolicy Trusted `
-PackageManagementProvider nuget
Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
问题是，当我安装此模块时，出现以下警告：
WARNING: The externally managed, dependent module 'SqlServer' is not installed on this computer. To use the current module 'xyz.PS.Core', ensure that its dependent
module 'SqlServer' is installed.
在安装此软件包时，如何在没有任何警告的情况下自动使SqlServer安装。
我尝试设置RequiredModules属性，但是如果构建计算机未安装模块SqlServer，则此操作将无法首先发布模块。我可以在那里安装它，但是有没有更好的方法而不强迫我们在构建代理上安装软件包？
编辑1
因此，我在构建代理上安装了SqlServer模块，并添加了RequiredModules属性。显示相同的警告。但是现在我什至无法导入模块：
Import-Module : The required module 'SqlServer' is not loaded. Load the module or remove the module from 'RequiredModules' in the file
编辑2
我仍然无法使其正常工作。让我展示所有组合。在所有情况下，测试计算机都未安装了SqlServer模块。
尝试1
RequiredModules = @(
@{
ModuleName = "SqlServer"
ModuleVersion = "21.1.18068"
}
)
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = "SqlServer"
}
}
收益
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
PowerShellGet cannot resolve the module dependency 'SqlServer' of the module 'xyz.PS.Core' on the repository 'xyz-QA'. Verify that the dependent module 'SqlServer' is available in the repository 'xyz-QA'. If this dependent module 'SqlServer' is managed externally, add it to the ExternalModuleDependencies entry in the PSData section of the module manifest.
At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:1227 char:17
+ Publish-PSArtifactUtility -PSModuleInfo $moduleInfo `
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [Publish-PSArtifactUtility], InvalidOperationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnableToResolveModuleDependency,Publish-PSArtifactUtility
C:\>
尝试2
RequiredModules = @("SqlServer")
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = "SqlServer"
}
}
收益
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
PowerShellGet cannot resolve the module dependency 'SqlServer' of the module 'xyz.PS.Core' on the repository 'xyz-QA'. Verify that the dependent module 'SqlServer' is available in the repository 'xyz-QA'. If this dependent module 'SqlServer' is managed externally, add it to the ExternalModuleDependencies entry in the PSData section of the module manifest.
At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:1227 char:17
+ Publish-PSArtifactUtility -PSModuleInfo $moduleInfo `
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [Publish-PSArtifactUtility], InvalidOperationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnableToResolveModuleDependency,Publish-PSArtifactUtility
C:\>
尝试3
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = "SqlServer"
}
}
（无RequiredModules）产量：
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
C:\> Get-Module SqlServer -ListAvailable
C:\> Install-Module xyz.PS.Core -Scope CurrentUser -Force -AllowClobber
WARNING: The externally managed, dependent module 'SqlServer' is not installed on this computer. To use the current module 'xyz.PS.Core', ensure that its dependent module 'SqlServer' is installed.
C:\> Get-Module SqlServer -ListAvailable
C:\>
如您所见，发布成功，但是安装模块会输出警告。而且没有安装SqlServer。
尝试4
RequiredModules = @(
@{
ModuleName = "SqlServer"
ModuleVersion = "21.1.18068"
}
)
（没有ExternalModuleDependencies）的产量：
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
The specified RequiredModules entry 'SqlServer' in the module manifest 'C:\Users\mkharitonov\AppData\Local\Temp\2144858157\xyz.PS.Core\xyz.PS.Core.psd1' is invalid. Try again after updating this entry with valid values.At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:1144 char:27+ ... oduleInfo = Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Test-ModuleManifest -Path $mani ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (C:\Users\mkhari...ce.PS.Core.psd1:String) [Test-ModuleManifest], DirectoryNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Modules_InvalidRequiredModulesinModuleManifest,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.TestModuleManifestCommand
C:\>
尝试5
RequiredModules = @("SqlServer")
（没有ExternalModuleDependencies）的产量：
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
The specified RequiredModules entry 'SqlServer' in the module manifest 'C:\Users\mkharitonov\AppData\Local\Temp\1208648280\xyz.PS.Core\xyz.PS.Core.psd1' is invalid. Try again after updating this entry with valid values.At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:1144 char:27+ ... oduleInfo = Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Test-ModuleManifest -Path $mani ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (C:\Users\mkhari...ce.PS.Core.psd1:String) [Test-ModuleManifest], DirectoryNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Modules_InvalidRequiredModulesinModuleManifest,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.TestModuleManifestCommand
C:\>
所以，我没有任何工作。到目前为止，Powershell似乎无法安装必需的模块。
我在做什么错了？
编辑3
即使在构建计算机上安装了SqlServer，RequiredModules属性也不起作用。观察：
RequiredModules = @(
"SqlServer"
)
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = "SqlServer"
}
}
结果是：
C:\> Get-Module SqlServer -ListAvailable
Directory: C:\Users\mkharitonov\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules
ModuleType Version Name ExportedCommands
---------- ------- ---- ----------------
Script 21.1.18102 SqlServer {Add-RoleMember, Add-SqlAvailabilityDatabase, Add-SqlAvailabilityGroupListenerStaticIp, Ad...
C:\> Publish-Module -Name $ModuleManifestFile -NuGetApiKey $NuGetApiKey -Repository $PSRepositoryName -Force
PowerShellGet cannot resolve the module dependency 'SqlServer' of the module 'xyz.PS.Core' on the repository 'xyz-QA'. Verify that the dependent module 'SqlServer' is available in the repository 'xyz-QA'. If this dependent module 'SqlServer' is managed externally, add it to the ExternalModuleDependencies entry in the PSData section of the module manifest.
At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:1227 char:17
+ Publish-PSArtifactUtility -PSModuleInfo $moduleInfo `
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [Publish-PSArtifactUtility], InvalidOperationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnableToResolveModuleDependency,Publish-PSArtifactUtility
C:\>
Powershell似乎在我的存储库而不是PSGallery中寻找SqlServer模块。我不明白方式。这是机器上注册的PS存储库：
C:\> Get-PSRepository
Name InstallationPolicy SourceLocation
---- ------------------ --------------
PSGallery Trusted https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2
xyz-QA Trusted http://devstatic.xyz.com/nugetserver/nuget
C:\>
那么，我真的不明白我该怎么办？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
注意：以下是this discussion in the PackageManagement (OneGet) GitHub repo的形式，尤其是团队成员this comment的形式：
Install-Module适用于同一仓库中的依赖项。
如果依赖项模块托管在与要安装的模块不同的仓库中，建议您将其发布到内部仓库中。
如果您不希望将它们发布到房屋回购中，则可以将模块保存到公用文件共享中，Register-PSRepository -Name local -SourceLocation \ server \ commonshare，然后从文件共享中首先安装这些模块。“
从PackageManagement module版本1.3开始，即使您的评论来自2017年中（我找不到任何正式文档），我仍从您的症状得出结论，上述内容仍然适用。
总结：
不支持自动安装 跨存储库依赖项； 解决方法是将外部依赖项也发布到您的内部存储库中。。
在调用 Publish-Module 时，似乎RequiredModules条目 中列出的模块必须存在于同一目标中回购。
要支持自动安装库内依赖项，PrivateData.PSData.ExternalModuleDependencies条目还必须列出这些依赖项-除RequiredModules -仅按名称-参见下文。
为自动依赖项安装指定存储库内模块依赖项（未验证）：
# Specify what other modules this module requires to work, using a FQMN,
# (a Fully Qualified Module Name), via a hashtable.
# The 'ModuleVersion' entry version numbers specifies a *minimum* required version
# number; 'RequiredVersion' specifies an *exact* version, and
# 'MaximumVersion' specifies a maximum version.
# IMPORTANT:
# If you publish a module whose manifest has a 'RequiredModules'
# entry to a repository with Publish-Module, all referenced modules
# seemingly *must exist in that repository.*
RequiredModules = @( @{ModuleName = 'SqlServer'; ModuleVersion = '21.1.18068' } )
PrivateData = @{
PSData = @{
# ...
# !! This field is *ancillary* to the more detailed 'RequiredModules' field and
# !! must reference the *same modules*, but by *names only*,
# !! in order to automatically install other modules
# !! *from the same repository* that this module depends on.
# !! To be safe, specify even a *single* name as an *array*
# !! (While this is not a general requirement in manifests,
# !! it may be necessary here due to a bug.)
ExternalModuleDependencies = @('SqlServer')
}
顺便说一句：New-ModuleManifest中的错误当前阻止直接创建PrivateData.PSData.ExternalModuleDependencies条目：
# !! BROKEN as of Windows PowerShell v5.1 / PowerShell Core 6.2.0;
# The inner hashtable ends up represented as 'System.Collections.Hashtable'
New-ModuleManifest someManifest.psd1 -PrivateData @{
PSData = @{
ExternalModuleDependencies = @('SqlServer')
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
除了@ mklement0的全面回答外，还可以避免将外部依赖项持久发布到您的内部仓库中，从而避免不必要的冗余和维护工作：
因此，您可以使用repository manager之类的Sonatype Nexus，它提供repository grouping功能：
它们[存储库组]允许您将多个存储库和其他存储库组组合在一个存储库中。反过来，这意味着您的用户可以依靠单个URL来满足他们的配置需求，而管理员可以向存储库组添加更多存储库，从而添加组件。
因此，您必须创建一个 nuget-group ，其中将nuget格式的存储库（例如 nuget-hosted （您的PowerShell模块）和 powershellgallery.com-代理（外部依赖项））到单个存储库中。
为此，您需要将外部依赖项（从powershellgallery.com）发布到内部存储库（ nuget-hosted ）中，以仅发布开发的PowerShell模块（Publish-Module -Repository nuget-hosted -Name ... ）。之后，您可以从 nuget-hosted 中删除外部依赖项。
对于已开发模块的Install-Module以及任意PowerShell计算机上的依赖项，您只需注册并使用 nuget-group 存储库。