我有一个代码可以绘制足球场：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import random
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv(r'C:\Users\ADMIN\Desktop\Abhishek\kanemc.csv')
#print(df)
def draw_pitch(pitch, line, orientation,view):
orientation = orientation
view = view
line = line
pitch = pitch
if orientation.lower().startswith("h"):
if view.lower().startswith("h"):
fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6.8,10.4))
plt.xlim(49,105)
plt.ylim(-1,69)
else:
fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10.4,6.8))
plt.xlim(-1,105)
plt.ylim(-1,69)
ax.axis('off') # this hides the x and y ticks
plt.scatter(df['x'],df['y'])
# side and goal lines #
ly1 = [0,0,68,68,0]
lx1 = [0,104,104,0,0]
plt.plot(lx1,ly1,color=line,zorder=5)
# boxes, 6 yard box and goals
#outer boxes#
ly2 = [13.84,13.84,54.16,54.16]
lx2 = [104,87.5,87.5,104]
plt.plot(lx2,ly2,color=line,zorder=5)
ly3 = [13.84,13.84,54.16,54.16]
lx3 = [0,16.5,16.5,0]
plt.plot(lx3,ly3,color=line,zorder=5)
#goals#
ly4 = [30.34,30.34,37.66,37.66]
lx4 = [104,104.2,104.2,104]
plt.plot(lx4,ly4,color=line,zorder=5)
ly5 = [30.34,30.34,37.66,37.66]
lx5 = [0,-0.2,-0.2,0]
plt.plot(lx5,ly5,color=line,zorder=5)
#6 yard boxes#
ly6 = [24.84,24.84,43.16,43.16]
lx6 = [104,99.5,99.5,104]
plt.plot(lx6,ly6,color=line,zorder=5)
ly7 = [24.84,24.84,43.16,43.16]
lx7 = [0,4.5,4.5,0]
plt.plot(lx7,ly7,color=line,zorder=5)
#Halfway line, penalty spots, and kickoff spot
ly8 = [0,68]
lx8 = [52,52]
plt.plot(lx8,ly8,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(93,34,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(11,34,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(52,34,color=line,zorder=5)
circle1 = plt.Circle((93.5,34), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=1,alpha=1)
circle2 = plt.Circle((10.5,34), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=1,alpha=1)
circle3 = plt.Circle((52, 34), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=2,alpha=1)
## Rectangles in boxes
rec1 = plt.Rectangle((87.5,20), 16,30,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
rec2 = plt.Rectangle((0, 20), 16.5,30,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
## Pitch rectangle
rec3 = plt.Rectangle((-1, -1), 106,70,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
ax.add_artist(rec3)
ax.add_artist(circle1)
ax.add_artist(circle2)
ax.add_artist(rec1)
ax.add_artist(rec2)
ax.add_artist(circle3)
plt.scatter(df.x,df.y)
else:
if view.lower().startswith("h"):
fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10.4,6.8))
plt.ylim(49,105)
plt.xlim(-1,69)
else:
fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6.8,10.4))
plt.ylim(-1,105)
plt.xlim(-1,69)
ax.axis('off') # this hides the x and y ticks
# side and goal lines #
lx1 = [0,0,68,68,0]
ly1 = [0,104,104,0,0]
plt.plot(lx1,ly1,color=line,zorder=5)
# boxes, 6 yard box and goals
#outer boxes#
lx2 = [13.84,13.84,54.16,54.16]
ly2 = [104,87.5,87.5,104]
plt.plot(lx2,ly2,color=line,zorder=5)
lx3 = [13.84,13.84,54.16,54.16]
ly3 = [0,16.5,16.5,0]
plt.plot(lx3,ly3,color=line,zorder=5)
#goals#
lx4 = [30.34,30.34,37.66,37.66]
ly4 = [104,104.2,104.2,104]
plt.plot(lx4,ly4,color=line,zorder=5)
lx5 = [30.34,30.34,37.66,37.66]
ly5 = [0,-0.2,-0.2,0]
plt.plot(lx5,ly5,color=line,zorder=5)
#6 yard boxes#
lx6 = [24.84,24.84,43.16,43.16]
ly6 = [104,99.5,99.5,104]
plt.plot(lx6,ly6,color=line,zorder=5)
lx7 = [24.84,24.84,43.16,43.16]
ly7 = [0,4.5,4.5,0]
plt.plot(lx7,ly7,color=line,zorder=5)
#Halfway line, penalty spots, and kickoff spot
lx8 = [0,68]
ly8 = [52,52]
plt.plot(lx8,ly8,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(34,93,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(34,11,color=line,zorder=5)
plt.scatter(34,52,color=line,zorder=5)
circle1 = plt.Circle((34,93.5), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=1,alpha=1)
circle2 = plt.Circle((34,10.5), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=1,alpha=1)
circle3 = plt.Circle((34,52), 9.15,ls='solid',lw=1.5,color=line, fill=False, zorder=2,alpha=1)
## Rectangles in boxes
rec1 = plt.Rectangle((20, 87.5), 30,16.5,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
rec2 = plt.Rectangle((20, 0), 30,16.5,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
## Pitch rectangle
rec3 = plt.Rectangle((-1, -1), 70,106,ls='-',color=pitch, zorder=1,alpha=1)
ax.add_artist(rec3)
ax.add_artist(circle1)
ax.add_artist(circle2)
ax.add_artist(rec1)
ax.add_artist(rec2)
ax.add_artist(circle3)
draw_pitch("#195905","#faf0e6","h","full")
plt.show()
我从头开始读了一个csv文件，这是示例数据：
x y Outcome Assist Type Play State
0 5.2 29.0 save cross header open NaN
1 13.7 14.4 right miss open NaN NaN
2 9.9 26.8 miss cross header open NaN
3 10.2 22.8 block left pass open NaN
4 8.9 21.8 set-piece cross header miss NaN
5 13.6 29.9 miss pass right open NaN
6 17.1 29.7 block self right set-piece NaN
在代码结尾，我尝试了一个简单的plt.scatter（df ['x']，df ['y']），期望在音高上绘制x，y坐标。但是，我什么都看不到。我也尝试在函数中输入该行，但这也没有解决。代码运行无误，绘制了音高，但未绘制数据帧中的数据。我犯了什么错误？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
这是因为已给绘制的项目指定了zorder，即，它们以彼此叠放的方式查看，其中大多数都绘制在zorder=5处。
例如，查看以下两者之间的区别：
plt.scatter(55,39,color="b",zorder=5) ## can be seen
plt.scatter(56,39,color="b") ## is per default 2, i.e. "below" the football pitch
因此，只需将散点图的zorder设置为5以上，一切都会正常工作。