我使用OpenXML将Datagridview导出到Excel。如果我使用CellValues.String导出单元格，那么一切都可以在Excel文件中正常运行而没有任何错误，但是我需要的是将所有Date和Number数据正确转换为相应的单元格格式。我试图使用内置格式（不是自定义格式）来更改单元格的格式，但是后来我的Excel损坏了。
这是我到目前为止尝试过的：
public void Export_to_Excel(DataGridView dgv, string path)
{
using (var workbook = SpreadsheetDocument.Create(path, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
var workbookPart = workbook.AddWorkbookPart();
workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Sheets = new Sheets();
var sheetPart = workbook.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
var sheetData = new SheetData();
sheetPart.Worksheet = new Worksheet(sheetData);
Sheets sheets = workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook.GetFirstChild<Sheets>();
string relationshipId = workbook.WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(sheetPart);
uint sheetId = 1;
if (sheets.Elements<Sheet>().Count() > 0)
{
sheetId =
sheets.Elements<Sheet>().Select(s => s.SheetId.Value).Max() + 1;
}
Sheet sheet = new Sheet() { Id = relationshipId, SheetId = sheetId, Name = "List "+ sheetId};
sheets.Append(sheet);
Row headerRow = new Row();
// Construct column names
List<String> columns = new List<string>();
foreach (DataGridViewColumn column in dgv.Columns)
{
columns.Add(column.Name);
Cell cell = new Cell
{
DataType = CellValues.String,
CellValue = new CellValue(column.HeaderText)
};
headerRow.AppendChild(cell);
}
// Add the row values to the excel sheet
sheetData.AppendChild(headerRow);
foreach (DataGridViewRow dsrow in dgv.Rows)
{
Row newRow = new Row();
foreach (String col in columns)
{
CellValues cell_type = new CellValues();
string cell_value = "";
UInt32 style_index;
if (dsrow.Cells[col].ValueType == typeof(decimal)) //numbers
{
cell_type = CellValues.Number;
cell_value = ((decimal)dsrow.Cells[col].Value).ToString();
style_index = 4; //should be #,##0.00
}
else if (dsrow.Cells[col].ValueType == typeof(DateTime)) //dates
{
cell_type = CellValues.String;
cell_value = ((DateTime)dsrow.Cells[col].Value).ToString("dd.mm.yyyy");
style_index =0; //should be General
}
else
{
cell_type = CellValues.String;
cell_value = dsrow.Cells[col].Value.ToString();
index_stila = 0; //should be General
}
Cell cell = new Cell();
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(cell_type);
cell.CellValue = new CellValue(cell_value);
cell.StyleIndex = style_index;
newRow.AppendChild(cell);
}
sheetData.AppendChild(newRow);
}
}
}
所以基本上，我想要的是正确设置此单元格的格式。在上面的代码中，我只尝试了数字格式，但是我也需要日期格式。这也是link的OpenXML内置样式。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我解决了以上问题。我必须说，使用OpenXML有点令人沮丧，但我对最终结果感到满意。
我决定-基于许多OpenXML主题-通过提供完整可用的代码来扩展答案，而不仅仅是我通常在许多站点上遇到的示例。
我的基本要求是将Datagridview数据导出到Excel文件中，并具有正确的单元格格式和比我们当前使用的Interop解决方案更快的导出速度。只需稍作修改，以下代码也可以用于Datatable或Dataset。我还添加了一些其他功能，我认为应该记录这些功能，这是大多数程序员在Excel中所需的功能，但不幸的是，这些功能并不是必需的。
因为我已经在所有这些事情上都有些头疼，所以我不会深入研究所有事情，所以让我们开始追逐吧。以下完整代码的结果是具有从Datagridview和：
导出的数据的Excel文件。正如许多其他人所述，OpenXML中的顺序非常重要。这几乎适用于所有内容-创建文档或为其设置样式时。因此，您在此处看到的所有内容在Office 2016中对我来说都工作正常，但是如果进行某些行混合，则最终会很快在Excel中出现一些奇怪的错误……正如所承诺的，这是我的完整代码：
public void Export_to_Excel(DataGridView dgv, string file_name)
{
String file_path= Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop).ToString() + "\\" +file_name + ".xlsx";
SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
saveFileDialog.InitialDirectory = Convert.ToString(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);
saveFileDialog.Filter = "Excel Workbook |*.xlsx";
saveFileDialog.Title = "Save as";
saveFileDialog.FileName = file_name;
if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
file_path = saveFileDialog.FileName;
}
else
{
return;
}
using (var workbook = SpreadsheetDocument.Create(file_path, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
var workbookPart = workbook.AddWorkbookPart();
workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Sheets = new Sheets();
var sheetPart = workbook.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
var sheetData = new SheetData();
//Autofit comes first – we calculate width of columns based on data
sheetPart.Worksheet = new Worksheet();
sheetPart.Worksheet.Append(AutoFit_Columns(dgv));
sheetPart.Worksheet.Append(sheetData);
//Adding styles to worksheet
Worksheet_Style(workbook);
Sheets sheets = workbook.WorkbookPart.Workbook.GetFirstChild<Sheets>();
string relationshipId = workbook.WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(sheetPart);
uint sheetId = 1;
if (sheets.Elements<Sheet>().Count() > 0)
{
sheetId = sheets.Elements<Sheet>().Select(s => s.SheetId.Value).Max() + 1;
}
Sheet sheet = new Sheet() { Id = relationshipId, SheetId = sheetId, Name = "List " + sheetId };
sheets.Append(sheet);
Row headerRow = new Row(); //Adding column headers
for (int col = 0; col < dgv.ColumnCount; col++)
{
Cell cell = new Cell
{
DataType = CellValues.String,
CellValue = new CellValue(dgv.Columns[col].HeaderText),
StyleIndex = 1// bold font
};
headerRow.AppendChild(cell);
}
// Add the row values to the excel sheet
sheetData.AppendChild(headerRow);
for (int row = 0; row < dgv.RowCount; row++)
{
Row newRow = new Row();
for (int col = 0; col < dgv.ColumnCount; col++)
{
Cell cell = new Cell();
//Checking types of data
// I had problems here with Number format, I just can't set It to a
// Datatype=CellValues.Number. If someone knows answer please let me know. However, Date format strangely works fine with Number datatype ?
// Also important – whatever format you define in creating stylesheets, you have to insert value of same kind in string here – for CellValues !
// I used cell formating as I needed, for something else just change Worksheet_Style method to your needs
if (dgv.Columns[col].ValueType == typeof(decimal)) //numbers
{
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
cell.CellValue = new CellValue(((decimal)dgv.Rows[row].Cells[col].Value).ToString("#,##0.00"));
cell.StyleIndex = 3;
}
else if (dgv.Columns[col].ValueType == typeof(DateTime)) //dates
{
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.Number);
cell.CellValue = new CellValue(((DateTime)dgv.Rows[row].Cells[col].Value).ToOADate().ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
cell.StyleIndex = 2;
}
Else // strings
{
cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
cell.CellValue = new CellValue(dgv.Rows[row].Cells[col].Value.ToString());
cell.StyleIndex = 0;
}
newRow.AppendChild(cell);
}
sheetData.AppendChild(newRow);
}
}
}
private static WorkbookStylesPart Worksheet_Style (SpreadsheetDocument document)
{
WorkbookStylesPart create_style = document.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorkbookStylesPart>();
Stylesheet workbookstylesheet = new Stylesheet();
DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet.Font font0 = new DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet.Font(); // Default font
FontName arial = new FontName() { Val = "Arial" };
FontSize size = new FontSize() { Val = 10 };
font0.Append(arial);
font0.Append(size);
DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet.Font font1 = new DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet.Font(); // Bold font
Bold bold = new Bold();
font1.Append(bold);
// Append both fonts
Fonts fonts = new Fonts();
fonts.Append(font0);
fonts.Append(font1);
//Append fills - a must, in my case just default
Fill fill0 = new Fill();
Fills fills = new Fills();
fills.Append(fill0);
// Append borders - a must, in my case just default
Border border0 = new Border(); // Default border
Borders borders = new Borders();
borders.Append(border0);
// CellFormats
CellFormats cellformats = new CellFormats();
CellFormat cellformat0 = new CellFormat() { FontId = 0, FillId = 0, BorderId = 0 }; // Default style : Mandatory | Style ID =0
CellFormat bolded_format = new CellFormat() { FontId = 1 }; // Style with Bold text ; Style ID = 1
CellFormat date_format = new CellFormat() { BorderId = 0, FillId = 0, FontId = 0, NumberFormatId = 14, FormatId = 0, ApplyNumberFormat = true };
CellFormat number_format = new CellFormat() { BorderId = 0, FillId = 0, FontId = 0, NumberFormatId = 4, FormatId = 0, ApplyNumberFormat = true }; // format like "#,##0.00"
cellformats.Append(cellformat0);
cellformats.Append(bolded_format);
cellformats.Append(date_format);
cellformats.Append(number_format);
// Append everyting to stylesheet - Preserve the ORDER !
workbookstylesheet.Append(fonts);
workbookstylesheet.Append(fills);
workbookstylesheet.Append(borders);
workbookstylesheet.Append(cellformats);
//Save style for finish
create_style.Stylesheet = workbookstylesheet;
create_style.Stylesheet.Save();
return create_style;
}
private Columns AutoFit_Columns(DataGridView dgv)
{
Columns cols = new Columns();
int Excel_column=0;
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt = (DataTable)dgv.DataSource;
for (int col = 0; col < dgv.ColumnCount; col++)
{
double max_width = 14.5f; // something like default Excel width, I'm not sure about this
//We search for longest string in each column and convert that into double to get desired width
string longest_string = dt.AsEnumerable()
.Select(row => row[col].ToString())
.OrderByDescending(st => st.Length).FirstOrDefault();
double cell_width = GetWidth(new System.Drawing.Font("Arial", 10), longest_string);
if (cell_width > max_width)
{
max_width = cell_width;
}
if (col == 0) //first column of Datagridview is index 0, but there is no 0 index of column in Excel, careful with that !!!
{
Excel_column = 1;
}
//now append column to worksheet, calculations done
Column c = new Column() { Min = Convert.ToUInt32(Excel_column), Max = Convert.ToUInt32(Excel_column), Width = max_width, CustomWidth = true };
cols.Append(c);
Excel_column++;
}
return cols;
}
private static double GetWidth(System.Drawing.Font stringFont, string text)
{
// This formula calculates width. For better desired outputs try to change 0.5M to something else
Size textSize = TextRenderer.MeasureText(text, stringFont);
double width = (double)(((textSize.Width / (double)7) * 256) - (128 / 7)) / 256;
width = (double)decimal.Round((decimal)width + 0.5M, 2);
return width;
}
在我的情况下，.dll中的方法可以像这样轻松地调用：
Export_to_Excel(my_dgv, »test_file«)
对代码中某些内容的简短说明：
1。）样式：我有很多选择方法，但这对我来说是最简单的方法。当您需要更困难的东西时，请尽量不要忘记这里的订单数量。并添加字体，填充和边框是必要的。
2。）自动调整：我不敢相信为什么尚未对此进行全面记录，我的意见是OpenXML默认应具有某种方法。无论如何，我通过使用LINQ并在here的帮助下解决了这一问题。我希望作者不介意，但有人应该大声说出来：）
最后，与Interop相比，我的测试结果和优缺点。我在Excel 2016上测试了20万行数据：
互操作
优势：
缺点：
OpenXML
优势：
缺点：
我希望没有人会生气，因为我实际上所做的是将许多站点中的点点滴滴放入实际上有用的东西中，而不是编写没人能理解的复杂示例。而且，如果有人愿意改进以上所有内容，我将不胜感激。我并不完美，更多的头脑风暴通常最终为每个人提供一个更好的解决方案：）
答案 1 :(得分：0)
对于这类问题，似乎有很多答案，导致要求修理的excel很好。我通常建议人们使用ClosedXML，但是如果必须使用OpenXML，则这里给出的答案是有效的：https://stackoverflow.com/a/31829959/994679。
这是对Date的一些额外回答，包括时间单元格，数字单元格和字符串单元格。
private static void TestExcel()
{
using (var Spreadsheet = SpreadsheetDocument.Create("C:\\Example.xlsx", SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook))
{
// Create workbook.
var WorkbookPart = Spreadsheet.AddWorkbookPart();
var Workbook = WorkbookPart.Workbook = new Workbook();
// Add Stylesheet.
var WorkbookStylesPart = WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorkbookStylesPart>();
WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet = GetStylesheet();
WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet.Save();
// Create worksheet.
var WorksheetPart = Spreadsheet.WorkbookPart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
var Worksheet = WorksheetPart.Worksheet = new Worksheet();
// Add data to worksheet.
var SheetData = Worksheet.AppendChild(new SheetData());
SheetData.AppendChild(new Row(
//Date example. Will show as dd/MM/yyyy.
new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue(DateTime.Today.ToOADate().ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)), StyleIndex = 1 },
//Date Time example. Will show as dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm
new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue(DateTime.Now.ToOADate().ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)), StyleIndex = 2 },
//Number example
new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue(123.23d.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)), StyleIndex = 0 },
//String example
new Cell() { CellValue = new CellValue("Test string"), DataType = CellValues.String }
));
// Link worksheet to workbook.
var Sheets = Workbook.AppendChild(new Sheets());
Sheets.AppendChild(new Sheet()
{
Id = WorkbookPart.GetIdOfPart(WorksheetPart),
SheetId = (uint)(Sheets.Count() + 1),
Name = "Example"
});
Workbook.Save();
}
}
private static Stylesheet GetStylesheet()
{
var StyleSheet = new Stylesheet();
// Create "fonts" node.
var Fonts = new Fonts();
Fonts.Append(new Font()
{
FontName = new FontName() { Val = "Calibri" },
FontSize = new FontSize() { Val = 11 },
FontFamilyNumbering = new FontFamilyNumbering() { Val = 2 },
});
Fonts.Count = (uint)Fonts.ChildElements.Count;
// Create "fills" node.
var Fills = new Fills();
Fills.Append(new Fill()
{
PatternFill = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.None }
});
Fills.Append(new Fill()
{
PatternFill = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Gray125 }
});
Fills.Count = (uint)Fills.ChildElements.Count;
// Create "borders" node.
var Borders = new Borders();
Borders.Append(new Border()
{
LeftBorder = new LeftBorder(),
RightBorder = new RightBorder(),
TopBorder = new TopBorder(),
BottomBorder = new BottomBorder(),
DiagonalBorder = new DiagonalBorder()
});
Borders.Count = (uint)Borders.ChildElements.Count;
// Create "cellStyleXfs" node.
var CellStyleFormats = new CellStyleFormats();
CellStyleFormats.Append(new CellFormat()
{
NumberFormatId = 0,
FontId = 0,
FillId = 0,
BorderId = 0
});
CellStyleFormats.Count = (uint)CellStyleFormats.ChildElements.Count;
// Create "cellXfs" node.
var CellFormats = new CellFormats();
// StyleIndex = 0, A default style that works for most things (But not strings? )
CellFormats.Append(new CellFormat()
{
BorderId = 0,
FillId = 0,
FontId = 0,
NumberFormatId = 0,
FormatId = 0,
ApplyNumberFormat = true
});
// StyleIndex = 1, A style that works for DateTime (just the date)
CellFormats.Append(new CellFormat()
{
BorderId = 0,
FillId = 0,
FontId = 0,
NumberFormatId = 14, //Date
FormatId = 0,
ApplyNumberFormat = true
});
// StyleIndex = 2, A style that works for DateTime (Date and Time)
CellFormats.Append(new CellFormat()
{
BorderId = 0,
FillId = 0,
FontId = 0,
NumberFormatId = 22, //Date Time
FormatId = 0,
ApplyNumberFormat = true
});
CellFormats.Count = (uint)CellFormats.ChildElements.Count;
// Create "cellStyles" node.
var CellStyles = new CellStyles();
CellStyles.Append(new CellStyle()
{
Name = "Normal",
FormatId = 0,
BuiltinId = 0
});
CellStyles.Count = (uint)CellStyles.ChildElements.Count;
// Append all nodes in order.
StyleSheet.Append(Fonts);
StyleSheet.Append(Fills);
StyleSheet.Append(Borders);
StyleSheet.Append(CellStyleFormats);
StyleSheet.Append(CellFormats);
StyleSheet.Append(CellStyles);
return StyleSheet;
}