如何在类实例上正确执行算术?在下面的示例中,该类表示House
,并包含一个n_people
属性,该属性表示该房屋中的人数。
目标是对House
类实例求和,并返回房屋总数。将House
类实例添加在一起时,这似乎起作用:
class House:
def __init__(self, n_people):
self.n_people = n_people
def __add__(self, n_people):
return n_people + self.n_people
House(3) + House(4)
在对House
类实例的数组求和时失败:
houses = [House(i) for i in range(10)]
sum(houses)
产生的错误是:
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-66-197f26932b89> in <module>
1 houses = [House(i) for i in range(10)]
----> 2 sum(houses)
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'House'
在Python中对类实例执行算术运算的正确方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您面临的问题是sum
从左到右起作用,因此在对前两个House
实例求和后,您的代码会尝试执行int + House
House + int
被定义。
要解决此问题,您需要定义__radd__
,在这种情况下会被调用:
class House:
def __init__(self, n_people):
self.n_people = n_people
def __add__(self, n_people):
return n_people + self.n_people
def __radd__(self, n_people):
return n_people + self.n_people
House(3) + House(4)
houses = [House(i) for i in range(10)]
sum(houses)
输出:
45