我是配置时区的新手，并且对几点感到困惑。关于正确配置的任何建议将不胜感激。
我的理解是，最佳实践是将所有时间戳记都以UTC格式存储在数据库中（我使用的是PostgreSQL）。另一方面，在实际的应用程序中，我想查看本地时区（JST +9：00）的时间戳。
我已经这样配置<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb2-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>xjc</id>
<goals>
<goal>xjc</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<sources>
<source>/src/main/resources/adapters/charging/payments/wsdls/charging-payments-v1.wsdl</source>
</sources>
<packageName>com.equifax.icc.charging.payment.service.wsdl</packageName>
<clearOutputDir>false</clearOutputDir>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.codehaus.mojo:jaxb2-maven-plugin:2.2:xjc (xjc) on project payment-manager-domain: Execution xjc of goal org.codehaus.mojo:jaxb2-maven-plugin:2.2:xjc failed: A required class was missing while executing org.codehaus.mojo:jaxb2-maven-plugin:2.2:xjc: com/sun/codemodel/CodeWriter
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] realm = plugin>org.codehaus.mojo:jaxb2-maven-plugin:2.2
[ERROR] strategy = org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy
[ERROR] urls[0] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/mojo/jaxb2-maven-plugin/2.2/jaxb2-maven-plugin-2.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[1] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/javax/xml/bind/jaxb-api/2.2.11/jaxb-api-2.2.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[2] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/jaxb-core/2.2.11/jaxb-core-2.2.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[3] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/jaxb-runtime/2.2.11/jaxb-runtime-2.2.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[4] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/jaxb-xjc/2.2.11/jaxb-xjc-2.2.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[5] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/glassfish/jaxb/jaxb-jxc/2.2.11/jaxb-jxc-2.2.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[6] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/com/thoughtworks/qdox/qdox/2.0-M3/qdox-2.0-M3.jar
[ERROR] urls[7] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/sisu/sisu-inject-bean/1.4.2/sisu-inject-bean-1.4.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[8] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/sisu/sisu-guice/2.1.7/sisu-guice-2.1.7-noaop.jar
[ERROR] urls[9] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/aether/aether-util/1.7/aether-util-1.7.jar
[ERROR] urls[10] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.14/plexus-interpolation-1.14.jar
[ERROR] urls[11] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations/1.5.5/plexus-component-annotations-1.5.5.jar
[ERROR] urls[12] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/plexus/plexus-sec-dispatcher/1.3/plexus-sec-dispatcher-1.3.jar
[ERROR] urls[13] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/plexus/plexus-cipher/1.4/plexus-cipher-1.4.jar
[ERROR] urls[14] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-compiler-api/2.5/plexus-compiler-api-2.5.jar
[ERROR] urls[15] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0.22/plexus-utils-3.0.22.jar
[ERROR] urls[16] = file:/C:/Users/vxa90/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/plexus/plexus-build-api/0.0.7/plexus-build-api-0.0.7.jar
[ERROR] Number of foreign imports: 1
[ERROR] import: Entry[import from realm ClassRealm[maven.api, parent: null]]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------: com.sun.codemodel.CodeWriter
：
config/application.rb但是，我不确定它的配置是否正确，因为在module MyApp
class Application < Rails::Application
config.load_defaults 5.2
config.time_zone = 'Tokyo'
end
end
中得到的结果参差不齐。 rails console和Time.zone告诉我时区设置为JST，但是当我执行Time.now时，created_at和updated_at时间戳会呈现为UTC。
User.first但是，如果我专门要求User.first
#=> #<User id: 1, first_name: "Bob", last_name: "Smith", created_at: "2019-04-09 08:54:30", updated_at: "2019-04-09 08:54:30">
时间，则该时间将显示为JST：
created_at为什么除非我特别要求时间本身，否则将时间戳呈现为UTC？这正常吗？我的其他表中的User.first.created_at
#=> Tue, 09 Apr 2019 17:54:30 JST +09:00
列也发生了同样的现象。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您所有的日期似乎都是相同的，只是它们在不同上下文中的表示方式。
此：
User.first
#=> #<User id: 1, first_name: "Bob", last_name: "Smith", created_at: "2019-04-09 08:54:30", updated_at: "2019-04-09 08:54:30">
提供.inspect
此：
User.first.created_at
#=> Tue, 09 Apr 2019 17:54:30 JST +09:00
是控制台在猜测您要使用当前时区格式化日期。
您可以强制某些表示是明确的
User.first.created_at.to_formatted_s(:db) #should print the same as you see on the inspect
I18n.localize(User.first.created_at) #should localize the date with the default date format
I18n.localize(USer.first.created_at, format: :something) #should localize the date as the format you defined as ":something" on your locale file