此代码的每一行中发生了什么?

时间:2019-04-02 10:22:03

标签: scheme racket r5rs

我知道整体代码将返回列表的最后n个元素,但是,我不了解该过程,就像每一行中正在发生的事情一样(以及为什么,如果可能的话)?

(define (last-n lst n)
  (define (help-func lst drop)
    (cond
      ((> drop 0)
       (help-func (cdr lst ) (- drop 1)))
      (else
       (cdr lst ))))
  (if (= (length lst ) n )
      lst
      (help-func lst (- (length lst ) 1 n ))))

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

有一个小错误,当n大于列表的长度时,您应该返回整个列表(或发出错误信号),我对此进行了修复。这是代码的细分:

(define (last-n lst n)
  (define (help-func lst drop)
    (cond
      ; iterate while there are elements to drop
      ((> drop 0)
       ; advance on the list, and we're one
       ; element closer to reach our target
       (help-func (cdr lst) (- drop 1)))
      (else
       ; else we reached the point we wanted, stop
       (cdr lst))))
  ; if n is at least as big as the list
  (if (>= n (length lst))
      ; return the whole list
      lst
      ; else calculate how many elements
      ; we need to drop and start the loop
      (help-func lst (- (length lst) 1 n))))

仅供参考,Racket已经具有此功能,只需使用take-right内置过程,它甚至会更快,只需一次遍历列表(您将length称为一对次数,并且采用了不需要的聪明算法)