我有一些基本的c ++ / vulkan代码（Windows 10、64）：
#define LOG(x) std::cout << "CONSOLE_LOG: " << ##x << std::endl
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "xgk-vulkan-wrappers.h"
#define GLFW_EXPOSE_NATIVE_WIN32
#include "glfw3.h"
#include <glfw3native.h>
#define WIDTH 800
#define HEIGHT 800
const char* instance_layers[1] = { "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation" };
const char* instance_exts[3] = { "VK_KHR_surface", "VK_KHR_win32_surface", VK_EXT_DEBUG_REPORT_EXTENSION_NAME };
const char* device_exts[1] = { VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME };
float queuePriorities[] = { 1.0f };
int main() {
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Library library;
VkApplicationInfo app_info = {};
app_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO;
app_info.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_0;
VkInstanceCreateInfo inst_info = {};
inst_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
inst_info.pApplicationInfo = &app_info;
inst_info.enabledLayerCount = 1;
inst_info.ppEnabledLayerNames = instance_layers;
inst_info.enabledExtensionCount = 3;
inst_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = instance_exts;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Instance instance(&library, &inst_info);
std::vector<XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::PhysicalDevice> devs = instance.enumDevs();
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::PhysicalDevice phys_dev = devs[0];
phys_dev.getQueueFamilyProps();
VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queue_info = {};
queue_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
queue_info.queueFamilyIndex = 0;
queue_info.queueCount = 1;
queue_info.pQueuePriorities = queuePriorities;
VkDeviceCreateInfo dev_info = {};
dev_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
dev_info.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
dev_info.pQueueCreateInfos = &queue_info;
dev_info.enabledExtensionCount = 1;
dev_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = device_exts;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Device dev(&instance, &phys_dev, &dev_info);
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Queue present_queue(&dev, 0, 0);
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Queue graphics_queue(&dev, 0, 0);
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GLFW_FALSE);
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "test_vulkan", nullptr, nullptr);
glfwSetWindowUserPointer(window, instance.handle);
VkWin32SurfaceCreateInfoKHR win32_surface_info = {};
win32_surface_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WIN32_SURFACE_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
win32_surface_info.hinstance = GetModuleHandle(nullptr);
win32_surface_info.hwnd = glfwGetWin32Window(window);
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::SurfaceKHR surfaceKHR(&instance, &win32_surface_info);
phys_dev.getSurfaceSupportKHR(&surfaceKHR, 0);
phys_dev.getSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(&surfaceKHR);
phys_dev.getSurfaceFormatsKHR(&surfaceKHR);
const uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[1] = { 0 };
VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR swapchain_info = {};
swapchain_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
swapchain_info.surface = surfaceKHR.handle;
swapchain_info.minImageCount = 3;
swapchain_info.imageFormat = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
swapchain_info.imageColorSpace = VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR;
swapchain_info.imageExtent = { WIDTH, HEIGHT };
swapchain_info.imageArrayLayers = 1;
swapchain_info.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
swapchain_info.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
swapchain_info.queueFamilyIndexCount = 1;
swapchain_info.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices;
swapchain_info.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
swapchain_info.preTransform = VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR;
swapchain_info.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
swapchain_info.presentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
swapchain_info.clipped = VK_TRUE;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::SwapchainKHR swapchainKHR(&dev, &swapchain_info);
std::vector<VkImage> images = swapchainKHR.getImages();
std::vector<XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::ImageView> image_views;
for (size_t i = 0; i < images.size(); i++) {
VkImageViewCreateInfo image_view_info = {};
image_view_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
image_view_info.image = images[i];
image_view_info.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
image_view_info.format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
image_view_info.components.r = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
image_view_info.components.g = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
image_view_info.components.b = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
image_view_info.components.a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY;
image_view_info.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
image_view_info.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
image_view_info.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
image_view_info.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
image_view_info.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::ImageView image_view(&dev, &image_view_info);
image_views.push_back(image_view);
}
VkAttachmentReference color_attachment_ref = {};
color_attachment_ref.attachment = 0;
color_attachment_ref.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
VkSubpassDescription subpass = {};
subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
subpass.pColorAttachments = &color_attachment_ref;
VkAttachmentDescription color_attachment = {};
color_attachment.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
color_attachment.format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
color_attachment.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
color_attachment.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
color_attachment.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
color_attachment.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
color_attachment.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
color_attachment.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
VkSubpassDependency dependency = {};
dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
dependency.dstSubpass = 0;
dependency.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.srcAccessMask = 0;
dependency.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
VkRenderPassCreateInfo render_pass_info = {};
render_pass_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
render_pass_info.attachmentCount = 1;
render_pass_info.pAttachments = &color_attachment;
render_pass_info.subpassCount = 1;
render_pass_info.pSubpasses = &subpass;
render_pass_info.dependencyCount = 1;
render_pass_info.pDependencies = &dependency;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::RenderPass render_pass(&dev, &render_pass_info);
std::vector<XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Framebuffer> framebuffers;
std::vector<VkCommandBuffer> vk_command_buffers;
for (size_t i = 0; i < image_views.size(); i++) {
VkFramebufferCreateInfo framebuffer_info = {};
framebuffer_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
framebuffer_info.renderPass = render_pass.handle;
framebuffer_info.attachmentCount = 1;
framebuffer_info.pAttachments = &image_views[i].handle;
framebuffer_info.width = WIDTH;
framebuffer_info.height = HEIGHT;
framebuffer_info.layers = 1;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::Framebuffer framebuffer(&dev, &framebuffer_info);
framebuffers.push_back(framebuffer);
VkCommandBuffer vk_command_buffer;
vk_command_buffers.push_back(vk_command_buffer);
}
VkCommandPoolCreateInfo command_pool_info = {};
command_pool_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
command_pool_info.queueFamilyIndex = 0;
XGK_VULKAN_WRAPPERS::CommandPool command_pool(&dev, &command_pool_info);
VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo alloc_info = {};
alloc_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
alloc_info.commandPool = command_pool.handle;
alloc_info.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
alloc_info.commandBufferCount = 3;
command_pool.alloc(&alloc_info, vk_command_buffers.data());
VkClearColorValue clear_color = { 0, 1, 0, 1 };
VkCommandBufferBeginInfo command_buffer_begin_info = {};
command_buffer_begin_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
command_buffer_begin_info.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_SIMULTANEOUS_USE_BIT;
VkImageSubresourceRange image_range = {};
image_range.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
image_range.baseMipLevel = 0;
image_range.levelCount = 1;
image_range.baseArrayLayer = 0;
image_range.layerCount = 1;
VkClearValue test_clear_color = { 1, 0, 0, 1 };
for (size_t i = 0; i < image_views.size(); i++) {
VkImageMemoryBarrier clear_barier = {};
clear_barier.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
clear_barier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
clear_barier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
clear_barier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
clear_barier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
clear_barier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = 0;
clear_barier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = 0;
clear_barier.image = images[i];
clear_barier.subresourceRange = image_range;
VkImageMemoryBarrier present_barier = {};
present_barier.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
present_barier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
present_barier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
present_barier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
present_barier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
present_barier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = 0;
present_barier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = 0;
present_barier.image = images[i];
present_barier.subresourceRange = image_range;
dev.vkBeginCommandBuffer(vk_command_buffers[i], &command_buffer_begin_info);
dev.vkCmdPipelineBarrier(vk_command_buffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &clear_barier);
dev.vkCmdClearColorImage(vk_command_buffers[i], images[i], VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, &clear_color, 1, &image_range);
dev.vkCmdPipelineBarrier(vk_command_buffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &present_barier);
dev.vkEndCommandBuffer(vk_command_buffers[i]);
}
VkSemaphore image_available_semaphore;
VkSemaphore render_finished_semaphore;
VkSemaphoreCreateInfo
semaphore_info = {};
semaphore_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO;
vkCreateSemaphore(dev.handle, &semaphore_info, nullptr, &image_available_semaphore);
vkCreateSemaphore(dev.handle, &semaphore_info, nullptr, &render_finished_semaphore);
VkPipelineStageFlags wait_stages[1] = { VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT };
VkSubmitInfo
submit_info = {};
submit_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
submit_info.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
submit_info.pWaitSemaphores = &image_available_semaphore;
submit_info.pWaitDstStageMask = wait_stages;
submit_info.commandBufferCount = 1;
submit_info.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
submit_info.pSignalSemaphores = &render_finished_semaphore;
VkPresentInfoKHR
present_info_KHR = {};
present_info_KHR.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR;
present_info_KHR.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
present_info_KHR.pWaitSemaphores = &render_finished_semaphore;
present_info_KHR.swapchainCount = 1;
present_info_KHR.pSwapchains = &swapchainKHR.handle;
uint32_t image_index;
while (true) {
swapchainKHR.acquireNextImage(0xffffffff, image_available_semaphore, VK_NULL_HANDLE, image_index);
submit_info.pCommandBuffers = &vk_command_buffers[image_index];
graphics_queue.submit(1, &submit_info);
present_info_KHR.pImageIndices = &image_index;
present_queue.presentKHR(&present_info_KHR);
dev.waitIdle();
}
vkDestroySemaphore(dev.handle, image_available_semaphore, nullptr);
vkDestroySemaphore(dev.handle, render_finished_semaphore, nullptr);
command_pool.destroy();
for (size_t i = 0; i < framebuffers.size(); i++) {
framebuffers[i].destroy();
}
render_pass.destroy();
for (size_t i = 0; i < image_views.size(); i++) {
image_views[i].destroy();
}
swapchainKHR.destroy();
surfaceKHR.destroy();
glfwDestroyWindow(window);
glfwTerminate();
dev.destroy();
instance.destroy();
library.destroy();
return 0;
};
这是代码中的多余一行：
“ VkClearValue test_clear_color = {1，0，0，1};”
此对象从未在代码中使用，仅被声明。但是，如果我删除或注释这一行，则代码执行将在图形队列子任务上失败。
有人面对过这种奇怪的行为吗？有什么问题吗？