我有一块配备此CPU的主板：
# uname -a
Linux gw-9167 4.4.24 #1 Thu Mar 28 17:52:19 UTC 2019 armv5tejl GNU/Linux
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
model name : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l)
BogoMIPS : 226.09
Features : swp half fastmult edsp java
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 5TEJ
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0x926
CPU revision : 5
Hardware : Freescale MXS (Device Tree)
Revision : 0000
Serial : 0000000000000000
我正在尝试交叉编译一个简单的Rust hello世界：
[0] [05:56:25] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > /bin/cat .cargo/config
[target.armv5te-unknown-linux-gnueabi]
linker = "arm-none-eabi-gcc"
[target.armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi]
linker = "arm-none-eabi-gcc"
[0] [05:56:34] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > env RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=arm926ej-s" cargo build --target=armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi --release
Compiling gw-test v0.1.0 (/home/cecile/repos/gw-test)
Finished release [optimized] target(s) in 0.28s
[0] [05:56:51] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > qemu-arm -L /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi -cpu arm926 target/armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi/release/gw-test
Hello, world!
当我在板上运行它时，它立即出现段错误：
[0] [05:57:09] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > scp ......
gw-test 100% 1781KB 906.4KB/s 00:01
[0] [05:58:27] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > ssh ...... /tmp/gw-test
Segmentation fault
[139] [05:58:47] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > ssh ..... strace /tmp/gw-test
execve("/tmp/gw-test", ["/tmp/gw-test"], [/* 9 vars */]) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument)
--- SIGSEGV {si_signo=SIGSEGV, si_code=SI_KERNEL, si_addr=0} ---
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++
Segmentation fault
main.rs的内容是什么？
没事！这只是Cargo生成的默认问候世界
EINVALELF可执行文件具有多个PT_INTERP段（即，试图命名多个解释器）。
现在，这真的很奇怪，因为我还读了文档：“如果可执行文件是动态链接的ELF可执行文件，则PT_INTERP段中命名的解释器将用于加载所需的共享库。” 并且我已经用musl编译了。它应该是静态的（至少它说是从主机上运行ldd的时候）。
尝试直接通过gdb或使用gdbserver远程连接调试器。
我了解。我会尝试看看如何按照您的建议进行远程操作。
这似乎是来自strace而不是您的进程的错误。
这很有道理。
在没有strace的情况下运行它会发生什么？有核心转储吗？
它在我已经共享的日志中。
[0] [05:58:27] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > ssh ...... /tmp/gw-test
Segmentation fault
您正在使用arm-none-eabi-gcc，它没有针对任何操作系统。检查readelf --headers〜/ r / gw-test并将其与有效的二进制文件（例如/ bin / cat之类）进行比较。
这是我制作的二进制文件和cat上的readelf --headers的输出：
[0] [08:11:23] ~ > cd ~/repos/gw-test/
[0] [08:15:26] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > ls
Cargo.lock Cargo.toml gw.json lib-root resources src target
[0] [08:15:27] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > readelf --headers target/armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi/release/gw-test
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF32
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: ARM
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x8278
Start of program headers: 52 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 1822748 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x5000200, Version5 EABI, soft-float ABI
Size of this header: 52 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 32 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 5
Size of section headers: 40 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 27
Section header string table index: 26
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al
[ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0
[ 1] .init PROGBITS 00008000 008000 00000c 00 AX 0 0 4
[ 2] .text PROGBITS 00008010 008010 0281b8 00 AX 0 0 8
[ 3] .fini PROGBITS 000301c8 0301c8 00000c 00 AX 0 0 4
[ 4] .rodata PROGBITS 000301e0 0301e0 005174 00 A 0 0 16
[ 5] .ARM.extab PROGBITS 00035354 035354 000bf4 00 A 0 0 4
[ 6] .ARM.exidx ARM_EXIDX 00035f48 035f48 0009e8 00 AL 2 0 4
[ 7] .tdata PROGBITS 00046930 036930 000018 00 WAT 0 0 8
[ 8] .tbss NOBITS 00046948 036948 000034 00 WAT 0 0 8
[ 9] .data.rel.ro PROGBITS 00046948 036948 000f98 00 WA 0 0 8
[10] .got PROGBITS 000478e0 0378e0 0000cc 04 WA 0 0 4
[11] .data PROGBITS 000479b0 0379b0 0000bc 00 WA 0 0 8
[12] .bss NOBITS 00047a70 037a6c 000a78 00 WA 0 0 8
[13] .comment PROGBITS 00000000 037a6c 00003b 01 MS 0 0 1
[14] .debug_aranges PROGBITS 00000000 037aa8 0012f0 00 0 0 8
[15] .debug_info PROGBITS 00000000 038d98 07d9b8 00 0 0 1
[16] .debug_abbrev PROGBITS 00000000 0b6750 00a574 00 0 0 1
[17] .debug_line PROGBITS 00000000 0c0cc4 04e271 00 0 0 1
[18] .debug_frame PROGBITS 00000000 10ef38 0101f4 00 0 0 4
[19] .debug_str PROGBITS 00000000 11f12c 02bc3f 01 MS 0 0 1
[20] .debug_loc PROGBITS 00000000 14ad6b 015230 00 0 0 1
[21] .debug_macinfo PROGBITS 00000000 15ff9b 000007 00 0 0 1
[22] .debug_ranges PROGBITS 00000000 15ffa8 033418 00 0 0 8
[23] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 1933c0 000031 00 0 0 1
[24] .symtab SYMTAB 00000000 1933f4 01e590 10 25 7245 4
[25] .strtab STRTAB 00000000 1b1984 00b595 00 0 0 1
[26] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 1bcf19 000103 00 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
y (purecode), p (processor specific)
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flg Align
EXIDX 0x035f48 0x00035f48 0x00035f48 0x009e8 0x009e8 R 0x4
LOAD 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x36930 0x36930 R E 0x10000
LOAD 0x036930 0x00046930 0x00046930 0x0113c 0x01bb8 RW 0x10000
TLS 0x036930 0x00046930 0x00046930 0x00018 0x0004c R 0x8
GNU_STACK 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW 0x10
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .ARM.exidx
01 .init .text .fini .rodata .ARM.extab .ARM.exidx
02 .tdata .data.rel.ro .got .data .bss
03 .tdata .tbss
04
[127] [08:19:01] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > scp -r -i ~/Downloads/hub_keys/sshKeys/0200000100009167 root@gw-9167.lan:/bin/cat ./
cat 100% 651KB 581.0KB/s 00:01
[0] [08:19:18] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > stat cat
File: cat
Size: 666788 Blocks: 1304 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: 18h/24d Inode: 4034474 Links: 1
Access: (0755/-rwxr-xr-x) Uid: ( 1000/ cecile) Gid: ( 1000/ cecile)
Access: 2019-04-07 10:19:17.131861726 +0200
Modify: 2019-04-07 10:19:18.251842664 +0200
Change: 2019-04-07 10:19:18.251842664 +0200
Birth: 2019-04-07 10:19:17.131861726 +0200
[0] [08:19:22] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > readelf --headers cat
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF32
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: ARM
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0xc914
Start of program headers: 52 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 665748 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x5000002, Version5 EABI, <unknown>
Size of this header: 52 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 32 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 8
Size of section headers: 40 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 26
Section header string table index: 25
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al
[ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0
[ 1] .interp PROGBITS 00008134 000134 000013 00 A 0 0 1
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 00008148 000148 000020 00 A 0 0 4
[ 3] .hash HASH 00008168 000168 000990 04 A 4 0 4
[ 4] .dynsym DYNSYM 00008af8 000af8 0015b0 10 A 5 1 4
[ 5] .dynstr STRTAB 0000a0a8 0020a8 000b33 00 A 0 0 1
[ 6] .gnu.version VERSYM 0000abdc 002bdc 0002b6 02 A 4 0 2
[ 7] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000ae94 002e94 000020 00 A 5 1 4
[ 8] .rel.dyn REL 0000aeb4 002eb4 000050 08 A 4 0 4
[ 9] .rel.plt REL 0000af04 002f04 000a60 08 A 4 11 4
[10] .init PROGBITS 0000b964 003964 00000c 00 AX 0 0 4
[11] .plt PROGBITS 0000b970 003970 000fa4 04 AX 0 0 4
[12] .text PROGBITS 0000c914 004914 07dcd8 00 AX 0 0 4
[13] .fini PROGBITS 0008a5ec 0825ec 000008 00 AX 0 0 4
[14] .rodata PROGBITS 0008a5f8 0825f8 01f208 00 A 0 0 8
[15] .ARM.exidx ARM_EXIDX 000a9800 0a1800 000008 00 AL 12 0 4
[16] .eh_frame PROGBITS 000a9808 0a1808 000004 00 A 0 0 4
[17] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 000b2000 0a2000 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[18] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 000b2004 0a2004 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[19] .jcr PROGBITS 000b2008 0a2008 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[20] .dynamic DYNAMIC 000b200c 0a200c 0000e8 08 WA 5 0 4
[21] .got PROGBITS 000b20f4 0a20f4 000544 04 WA 0 0 4
[22] .data PROGBITS 000b2638 0a2638 00014e 00 WA 0 0 4
[23] .bss NOBITS 000b2788 0a2786 0022c0 00 WA 0 0 8
[24] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 0a2786 000034 00 0 0 1
[25] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 0a27ba 0000da 00 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
y (purecode), p (processor specific)
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flg Align
EXIDX 0x0a1800 0x000a9800 0x000a9800 0x00008 0x00008 R 0x4
PHDR 0x000034 0x00008034 0x00008034 0x00100 0x00100 R E 0x4
INTERP 0x000134 0x00008134 0x00008134 0x00013 0x00013 R 0x1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.3]
LOAD 0x000000 0x00008000 0x00008000 0xa180c 0xa180c R E 0x8000
LOAD 0x0a2000 0x000b2000 0x000b2000 0x00786 0x02a48 RW 0x8000
DYNAMIC 0x0a200c 0x000b200c 0x000b200c 0x000e8 0x000e8 RW 0x4
NOTE 0x000148 0x00008148 0x00008148 0x00020 0x00020 R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW 0x4
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .ARM.exidx
01
02 .interp
03 .interp .note.ABI-tag .hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rel.dyn .rel.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .ARM.exidx .eh_frame
04 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got .data .bss
05 .dynamic
06 .note.ABI-tag
07
[0] [08:19:32] ~/r/gw-test HEAD > /usr/arm-none-eabi/bin/readelf --headers cat
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF32
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: EXEC (Executable file)
Machine: ARM
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0xc914
Start of program headers: 52 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 665748 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x5000002, Version5 EABI, <unknown>
Size of this header: 52 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 32 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 8
Size of section headers: 40 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 26
Section header string table index: 25
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al
[ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0
[ 1] .interp PROGBITS 00008134 000134 000013 00 A 0 0 1
[ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 00008148 000148 000020 00 A 0 0 4
[ 3] .hash HASH 00008168 000168 000990 04 A 4 0 4
[ 4] .dynsym DYNSYM 00008af8 000af8 0015b0 10 A 5 1 4
[ 5] .dynstr STRTAB 0000a0a8 0020a8 000b33 00 A 0 0 1
[ 6] .gnu.version VERSYM 0000abdc 002bdc 0002b6 02 A 4 0 2
[ 7] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 0000ae94 002e94 000020 00 A 5 1 4
[ 8] .rel.dyn REL 0000aeb4 002eb4 000050 08 A 4 0 4
[ 9] .rel.plt REL 0000af04 002f04 000a60 08 A 4 11 4
[10] .init PROGBITS 0000b964 003964 00000c 00 AX 0 0 4
[11] .plt PROGBITS 0000b970 003970 000fa4 04 AX 0 0 4
[12] .text PROGBITS 0000c914 004914 07dcd8 00 AX 0 0 4
[13] .fini PROGBITS 0008a5ec 0825ec 000008 00 AX 0 0 4
[14] .rodata PROGBITS 0008a5f8 0825f8 01f208 00 A 0 0 8
[15] .ARM.exidx ARM_EXIDX 000a9800 0a1800 000008 00 AL 12 0 4
[16] .eh_frame PROGBITS 000a9808 0a1808 000004 00 A 0 0 4
[17] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 000b2000 0a2000 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[18] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 000b2004 0a2004 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[19] .jcr PROGBITS 000b2008 0a2008 000004 00 WA 0 0 4
[20] .dynamic DYNAMIC 000b200c 0a200c 0000e8 08 WA 5 0 4
[21] .got PROGBITS 000b20f4 0a20f4 000544 04 WA 0 0 4
[22] .data PROGBITS 000b2638 0a2638 00014e 00 WA 0 0 4
[23] .bss NOBITS 000b2788 0a2786 0022c0 00 WA 0 0 8
[24] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 0a2786 000034 00 0 0 1
[25] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 0a27ba 0000da 00 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
y (purecode), p (processor specific)
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr FileSiz MemSiz Flg Align
EXIDX 0x0a1800 0x000a9800 0x000a9800 0x00008 0x00008 R 0x4
PHDR 0x000034 0x00008034 0x00008034 0x00100 0x00100 R E 0x4
INTERP 0x000134 0x00008134 0x00008134 0x00013 0x00013 R 0x1
[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.3]
LOAD 0x000000 0x00008000 0x00008000 0xa180c 0xa180c R E 0x8000
LOAD 0x0a2000 0x000b2000 0x000b2000 0x00786 0x02a48 RW 0x8000
DYNAMIC 0x0a200c 0x000b200c 0x000b200c 0x000e8 0x000e8 RW 0x4
NOTE 0x000148 0x00008148 0x00008148 0x00020 0x00020 R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000 0x00000 RW 0x4
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .ARM.exidx
01
02 .interp
03 .interp .note.ABI-tag .hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rel.dyn .rel.plt .init .plt .text .fini .rodata .ARM.exidx .eh_frame
04 .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got .data .bss
05 .dynamic
06 .note.ABI-tag
07
我制作了这个Dockerfile：
FROM buildpack-deps:xenial
RUN dpkg --add-architecture i386 && \
apt-get update && \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
apt-utils build-essential sudo libssl-dev \
subversion wget cpio python unzip rsync bc libncurses-dev \
libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 ca-certificates \
ant ant-optional bison curl flex fusesmb
COPY ./dp-mgw-toolchain_1.6_i386.deb ./
RUN dpkg -i dp-mgw-toolchain_1.6_i386.deb
RUN curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | bash -s -- -y
RUN echo '. ~/.cargo/env' >> ~/.bashrc
RUN . ~/.cargo/env && \
rustup target add armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi
ENV PATH=/opt/develco-products/buildroot-toolchain-multigateway-1.6/host/usr/bin:$PATH
ENV RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=arm926ej-s"
RUN cargo build --target=armv5te-unknown-linux-musleabi --release
deb文件实际上是制造商提供的工具链。现在，我使用了正确的链接器，它可以在板上正确运行。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
我的第一个赌注是不兼容的ABI。您的二进制文件：
0x5000200, Version5 EABI, soft-float ABI
董事会中的二进制文件
0x5000002, Version5 EABI, <unknown>
下一个赌注，您的二进制文件缺少许多部分，因此看起来像链接器问题。您的QEMU环境与目标上使用的环境不同，但是我希望您的QEMU运行裸机二进制文件。它们无法在Linux下运行，因为它们无法直接访问硬件和外围设备。
您需要设置链接器，以链接与您电路板上的环境兼容的ELF。我没有飞思卡尔的经验，但是查看该板的任何交叉编译项目都应引导您正确进行链接器调用。