Question

我试图从Python中的.txt文件导入数据以绘制它们，而当我想运行该程序时，出现此错误：

IndexError：列表索引超出范围

这是一个从文件中绘制一些数据的教程，数据如下所示：

0.,1.5
2.24425,1.5
4.48276,1.5
5.97701,1.5
7.47126,1.5
8.96552,1.5
11.204,1.5
13.4483,1.5
15.6925,1.5
16.4368,1.5
18.681,1.5
19.4253,1.5
20.75,1.48079
22.3958,1.45845
23.6551,1.42766
24.8608,1.36509
26.1056,1.28529
27.4468,1.21306
28.8132,1.16694
30.1137,1.08216
31.5696,984.851E-03
33.0455,903.886E-03
34.4998,834.626E-03
35.976,790.798E-03
37.5447,754.429E-03
38.9391,697.508E-03
40.6381,715.628E-03
42.5023,882.211E-03
44.4548,1.07169
46.4502,1.26281
47.9939,1.4163
49.4727,1.47307
50.9886 ,1.48932
52.4883,1.49803
53.9846,1.50005
55.4793,1.50108
56.9737,1.50113
58.4647,1.50104
59.9569,1.50067
61.4477,1.50024
62.941,1.49998
64.4312,1.49969
65.9247,1.49929
67.4158,1.49911
68.9096,1.49872
70.4016,1.4976
71.8958,1.49571
73.3918,1.49193
74.8895,1.48612
76.3943,1.4734
77.9068,1.45366
79.4224,1.39481
81.033,1.2964
82.7794,1.1667
84.4811,971.91E-03
86.4866,837.442E-03
88.0979,892.783E-03
89.4046,970.171E-03
90.8885,972.861E-03
92.3106,976.503E-03
93.7562,995.16E-03
95.2745,1.03632
96.7847,1.07072
98.2745,1.10487
99.7581,1.17663
101.079,1.24002
102.408,1.30343
103.686,1.36529
104.979,1.41119
106.239,1.45107
107.577,1.45885
109.25,1.47844
115.057,1.5
116.552,1.5
117.296,1.5
119.54,1.5
121.785,1.5
124.023,1.5
125.517,1.5
126.262,1.5
129.256,1.5
130.,1.5

这是我下面的Python代码，用于导入文件并绘制文件：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import csv

x=[]
y=[]

with open('raneen.txt','r') as csvfile:
    plots=csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
    for row in plots:
        x.append(float(row[0])) 
        y.append(float(row[1]))
plt.plot(x,y,label='Loaded from file!')



plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.title('Interesting graph\nCheck it out')
plt.legend()

plt.show()

我希望从Python中的这些数据中获得一个图

Answer 1

由于数据文件中没有,，因此您必须在csv.reader方法中将定界符参数分配为：

plots=csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter='  ')

Answer 2

在您进行编辑之前，文件被定界为可变长度的空格，例如

            0.                 1.5        
            2.24425            1.5        
            4.48276            1.5        
            5.97701            1.5        
            7.47126            1.5        
            8.96552            1.5        
           11.204              1.5        
           13.4483             1.5        
           15.6925             1.5        
           16.4368             1.5        
           18.681              1.5        
           19.4253             1.5        
           20.75               1.48079    
           22.3958             1.45845    
           23.6551             1.42766    
           24.8608             1.36509    
           26.1056             1.28529    
           27.4468             1.21306    
           28.8132             1.16694    
           30.1137             1.08216    
           31.5696           984.851E-03  
           33.0455           903.886E-03  
           34.4998           834.626E-03  
           35.976            790.798E-03  
           37.5447           754.429E-03  
           38.9391           697.508E-03  
           40.6381           715.628E-03  
           42.5023           882.211E-03  
           44.4548             1.07169    
           46.4502             1.26281    
           47.9939             1.4163     
           49.4727             1.47307    
           50.9886             1.48932

因此，为了获得两个向量，您可以像这样进行操作：

x = []
y = []

with open(".../data.txt") as file:
    data = file.read()
data = data.split("\n")
for line in data:
    line = line.lstrip()
    x.append(float(line.split(" ")[0]))
    line = line.lstrip(line.split(" ")[0])
    y.append(float(line.strip()))

我知道它不是最优雅的方法，并且对缺失的值很敏感，但是对于所提供的示例，它可以工作

IndexError：读取文本文件时列表索引超出范围

2 个答案: