Question

我正在接近iOS开发，我想让我的第一个应用程序之一执行HTTP POST请求。

据我所知，我应该管理通过NSURLConnection对象处理请求的连接，这会强制我拥有一个委托对象，而该对象又会处理数据事件。

有人可以通过一个实际例子澄清这项任务吗？

我应该联系https端点发送身份验证数据（用户名和密码）并获取纯文本响应。

Answer 1

您可以按如下方式使用NSURLConnection：

设置NSURLRequest：使用requestWithURL:(NSURL *)theURL初始化请求。

如果您需要指定POST请求和/或HTTP标头，请使用NSMutableURLRequest和
- (void)setHTTPMethod:(NSString *)method
- (void)setHTTPBody:(NSData *)data
- (void)setValue:(NSString *)value forHTTPHeaderField:(NSString *)field
使用NSURLConnection以两种方式发送您的请求：
- 同步：(NSData *)sendSynchronousRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request returningResponse:(NSURLResponse **)response error:(NSError **)error
  
  这将返回您可以处理的NSData变量。
  
  重要提示：请记住在单独的线程中启动同步请求以避免阻止UI。
- 异步：(void)start

不要忘记设置NSURLConnection的委托来处理连接，如下所示：

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
    [self.data setLength:0];
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)d {
    [self.data appendData:d];
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
    [[[[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"Error", @"")
                                 message:[error localizedDescription]
                                delegate:nil
                       cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"OK", @"") 
                       otherButtonTitles:nil] autorelease] show];
}

- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
    NSString *responseText = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:self.data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

    // Do anything you want with it 

    [responseText release];
}

// Handle basic authentication challenge if needed
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge {
    NSString *username = @"username";
    NSString *password = @"password";

    NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:username
                                                             password:password
                                                          persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
    [[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
}

Answer 2

编辑：ASIHTTPRequest已被开发人员抛弃。它仍然是非常好的IMO，但你现在应该在其他地方寻找。

如果您正在处理HTTPS，我强烈建议您使用ASIHTTPRequest library。即使没有https，它也为这样的东西提供了一个非常好的包装器，虽然通过简单的http做自己并不难，我只是觉得这个库很好并且是一个很好的入门方式。

在各种情况下，HTTPS并发症并非易事，如果您想要在处理所有变体时保持健壮，那么您将发现ASI库是一个真正的帮助。

Answer 3

我想我会更新这篇文章，并说在ASIHTTPRequest被放弃后，很多iOS社区已经转移到AFNetworking。我强烈推荐它。它是NSURLConnection的一个很好的包装器，允许异步调用，基本上是你可能需要的任何东西。

Answer 4

这是iOS7 +的更新答案。它使用NSURLSession，新的热点。免责声明，这是未经测试的，并写在文本字段中：

- (void)post {
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration] delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com/dontposthere"] cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:60.0];
    // Uncomment the following two lines if you're using JSON like I imagine many people are (the person who is asking specified plain text)
    // [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
    // [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"]; 
    [request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
    NSURLSessionDataTask *postDataTask = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    }];
    [postDataTask resume];
}

-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session didReceiveChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:(void (^)(    NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition, NSURLCredential *credential))completionHandler {
    completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential, [NSURLCredential credentialForTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust]);
}

或者更好的是，使用AFNetworking 2.0+。通常我会将AFHTTPSessionManager子类化，但我将这一切都放在一个方法中，以便有一个简洁的例子。

- (void)post {
    AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [[AFHTTPSessionManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com"]];
    // Many people will probably want [AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer];
    manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
    // Many people will probably want [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
    manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = NO; // Some servers require this to be YES, but default is NO.
    [manager.requestSerializer setAuthorizationHeaderFieldWithUsername:@"username" password:@"password"];
    [[manager POST:@"dontposthere" parameters:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) {
        NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    } failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"darn it");
    }] resume];
}

如果您使用的是JSON响应序列化程序，则responseObject将是JSON响应中的对象（通常是NSDictionary或NSArray）。

Answer 5

注意：Pure Swift 3（Xcode 8）示例： 请尝试以下示例代码。这是dataTask的{{1}}函数的简单示例。

URLSession

Answer 6

Xcode 8和Swift 3.0

使用网址：

 let url = URL(string:"Download URL")!
 let req = NSMutableURLRequest(url:url)
 let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default
 let session = URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: OperationQueue.main)

 let task : URLSessionDownloadTask = session.downloadTask(with: req as URLRequest)
task.resume()

URLSession委托电话：

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask, didCompleteWithError error: Error?) {

}


func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, 
didWriteData bytesWritten: Int64, totalBytesWritten writ: Int64, totalBytesExpectedToWrite exp: Int64) {
                   print("downloaded \(100*writ/exp)" as AnyObject)

}

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL){

}

使用Block GET / POST / PUT / DELETE：

 let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: URL(string: "Your API URL here" ,param: param))!,
        cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy,
        timeoutInterval:"Your request timeout time in Seconds")
    request.httpMethod = "GET"
    request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers as? [String : String] 

    let session = URLSession.shared

    let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) {data,response,error in
        let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse

        if (error != nil) {
         print(error)
         } else {
         print(httpResponse)
         }

        DispatchQueue.main.async {
           //Update your UI here
        }

    }
    dataTask.resume()

为我工作正常..试试100％结果保证

Answer 7

以下是使用NSURLSession对iOS 8+进行POST HTTP请求的方式：

- (void)call_PostNetworkingAPI:(NSURL *)url withCompletionBlock:(void(^)(id object,NSError *error,NSURLResponse *response))completion
{
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    config.requestCachePolicy = NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData;
    config.URLCache = nil;
    config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 5.0f;
    config.timeoutIntervalForResource =10.0f;
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:nil delegateQueue:nil];
    NSMutableURLRequest *Req=[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    [Req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:Req completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (error == nil) {

            NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
            if (dict != nil) {
                completion(dict,error,response);
            }
        }else
        {
            completion(nil,error,response);
        }
    }];
    [task resume];

}

希望这能满足您的以下要求。

iOS：如何执行HTTP POST请求？

7 个答案: