我正在尝试启动一个存储在一个文件中的乌龟游戏，并带有一个消息框，消息框来自存储在另一个py文件中的tkinter，但两者都在同一目录中。但是，我收到
_tkinter.TclError: image "pyimage2" doesn't exist错误。
我在游戏代码中有一个函数，该函数在启动器代码中被调用。除了导入模块（我已包含在该函数中）外，此函数运行主游戏程序中的所有代码，但没有区别。
很抱歉显示了所有内容，但我不知道问题是什么，我认为这是最好的（删除了尽可能多的与问题无关的代码（假设任何未命名的名称都被删除为不相关的代码）
def start():
import turtle
import math
import time
counter = 0
wn = turtle.Screen()
wn.setup(800, 600)
wn.bgcolor("black")
wn.title("Trooper shooter")
wn.bgpic("background1.png")
wn.update()
turtle.register_shape("invader.gif")
turtle.register_shape("plane.gif")
turtle.register_shape("troop.gif")
turtle.register_shape("player1.gif")
turtle.register_shape("player2.gif")
turtle.register_shape("bomb.gif")
turtle.register_shape("boom.gif")
#player
soldier = turtle.Turtle()
soldier.color("blue")
soldier.shape("player1.gif")
soldier.penup()
soldier.speed(0)
soldier.setposition(0,-200)
soldier.setheading(90)
soldierspd = 20
#Bomb
Numbombs = 2
bombs = []
for i in range(Numbombs):
bombs.append(turtle.Turtle())
for bomb in bombs:
bomb.shape("bomb.gif")
bomb.penup()
bomb.speed(0)
bomb.ht()
x = -1700
y = 2700
bomb.setposition(x+30,y)
bomb.setheading(270)
bombspeed = 10
#Plane
plane = turtle.Turtle()
plane.color("red")
plane.shape("plane.gif")
plane.penup()
plane.speed(0)
plane.setposition(-270,200)
plane.setheading(360)
planespd = 20
#Plane2
plane2 = turtle.Turtle()
plane2.ht()
plane2.color("red")
plane2.shape("plane.gif")
plane2.penup()
plane2.speed(0)
plane2.setposition(-270,200)
plane2.setheading(360)
planespd2 = 20
#ParaTroopers
num = 5
Troopers = []
for i in range(num):
Troopers.append(turtle.Turtle())
for Troop in Troopers:
Troop.color("Purple")
Troop.shape("troop.gif")
Troop.penup()
Troop.speed(0)
Troop.ht()
x = -170
y = 270
Troop.setposition(x+30,y)
Troop.setheading(270)
Troopspeed = 3
#Bullet
bullet = turtle.Turtle()
bullet.color("yellow")
bullet.shape("triangle")
bullet.penup()
bullet.speed(0)
bullet.setheading(90)
bullet.shapesize(0.5, 0.5)
bullet.ht()
bulletspeed = 30
#Define bullet state
#ready = ready to fire
#fire = bullet is firing
state = "ready"
#Move player left
def Left():
x = soldier.xcor()
x -= soldierspd
soldier.setx(x)
soldier.shape("player1.gif")
if x < -280:
x = -280
soldier.setx(x)
#Move player right
def Right():
x = soldier.xcor()
x += soldierspd
soldier.setx(x)
soldier.shape("player2.gif")
if x > 280:
x = 280
soldier.setx(x)
#Shoot bullet
def Shoot():
#Declare bullet state as global
global state
if state == "ready":
state = "fire"
#Move bullet above player
x = soldier.xcor()
y = soldier.ycor()
bullet.setposition(x, y +10)
bullet.showturtle()
#HitBoxes
def checkCollision(A,B):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(A.xcor() - B.xcor(), 2) +
math.pow(A.ycor() - B.ycor(), 2))
if distance < 30:
return True
else:
return False
#Move plane
def MovePlane():
x = plane.xcor()
x += planespd
plane.speed(1)
plane.setx(x)
if plane.xcor() > 280:
plane.ht()
turtle.listen()
turtle.onkey(Left,"Left")
turtle.onkey(Right,"Right")
turtle.onkey(Shoot,"space")
while True:
#Move Plane
MovePlane()
#Move count
incCount()
#Show Paratrooper
x = -200
for Troop in Troopers:
if plane.xcor() > x+50:
x += 80
Troop.setx(x)
Troop.showturtle()
y = Troop.ycor()
y -= Troopspeed
Troop.sety(y)
if y < -280:
Troop.ht()
if checkCollision(bullet, Troop):
# Reset bullet
bullet.ht()
state = "ready"
bullet.setposition(0, -400)
Troop.shape("boom.gif")
# Update Scoreboard
score += 10
scorestring = "Score: %s" % score
score_pen.clear()
score_pen.write(scorestring, False, align="left", font=("Arial", 14, "normal"))
time.sleep(0.1)
Troop.setposition(1000, 1000)
#update background
if counter == 30:
wn.bgpic("background2.png")
wn.update()
if counter == 60:
wn.bgpic("background3.png")
wn.update()
if counter == 90:
wn.bgpic("background4.png")
wn.update()
if counter == 120:
wn.bgpic("background5.png")
wn.update()
if counter == 150:
wn.bgpic("background6.png")
wn.update()
wn.mainloop()
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import TrooperShooter
root = Tk()
launch = messagebox.askquestion("launcher","Play game?")
if launch == "yes":
TrooperShooter.start()
运行启动器时，将出现一个消息框，提示您是否要播放 当单击“是”时，启动游戏启动功能。但是我收到错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/marco/Desktop/Trooper shooter/launcher.py", line 10, in <module>
TrooperShooter.start()
File "C:\Users\marco\Desktop\Trooper shooter\TrooperShooter.py", line 18, in start
wn.bgpic("background1.png")
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python37-32\lib\turtle.py", line 1482, in bgpic
self._setbgpic(self._bgpic, self._bgpics[picname])
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python37-32\lib\turtle.py", line 738, in _setbgpic
self.cv.itemconfig(item, image=image)
File "<string>", line 1, in itemconfig
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python37-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 2578, in itemconfigure
return self._configure(('itemconfigure', tagOrId), cnf, kw)
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python37-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1476, in _configure
self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)) + self._options(cnf))
_tkinter.TclError: image "pyimage2" doesn't exist
Process finished with exit code 1
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我的第一个建议是您使用乌龟textinput()方法（Python 3中的新增功能），而不是将tkinter和messagebox拖动到图片中。
但是，如果您要结合使用tkinter和turtle，则需要正确进行。 Turtle被设计为使用自己的Tk窗口运行独立或在现有的tkinter窗口中运行嵌入式。您正在尝试独立运行它，将其嵌入到tkinter窗口中。即而不是独立的Turtle和Screen接口，您应该使用嵌入式TurtleScreen，RawTurtle和ScrolledCanvas接口。
除此问题外，您的代码通常是错误的。您有许多未完成的代码。在global函数内移动整个程序时，对nonlocal的使用必须变为start()。您缺少了运行所需的代码。最后，您有一个while True:循环，在像乌龟这样的事件驱动环境中没有任何生意。我用计时器事件来代替它。
我对下面的代码进行了重新整理，使其可以按预期运行。为了简化示例，我抛弃了不完整和/或损坏的功能。启动代码：
from tkinter import Tk
from tkinter import messagebox
import TrooperShooter
root = Tk()
launch = messagebox.askquestion("launcher", "Play game?")
if launch == "yes":
TrooperShooter.start(root)
TrooperShooter.py
import tkinter as tk
from turtle import TurtleScreen, ScrolledCanvas, RawTurtle
def start(root):
# Move player left
def Left():
soldier.shape("player1.gif")
x = soldier.xcor() - soldierspd
soldier.setx(x)
if x < -280:
soldier.setx(-280)
# Move player right
def Right():
soldier.shape("player2.gif")
x = soldier.xcor() + soldierspd
soldier.setx(x)
if x > 280:
soldier.setx(280)
# Shoot bullet
def Shoot():
# Declare bullet state as global
nonlocal state
if state == "ready":
state = "fire"
# Move bullet above player
x, y = soldier.position()
bullet.setposition(x, y + 10)
bullet.showturtle()
# HitBoxes
def checkCollision(a, b):
return a.distance(b) < 30
# Move plane
def MovePlane():
x = plane.xcor() + plane_speed
plane.setx(x)
if plane.xcor() > 280:
plane.hideturtle()
def action():
nonlocal state, score
# Move Plane
MovePlane()
# Show Paratrooper
x = -200
for troop in troopers:
if plane.xcor() > x + 50:
x += 80
troop.setx(x)
troop.showturtle()
y = troop.ycor() - troop_speed
troop.sety(y)
if y < -280:
troop.hideturtle()
if checkCollision(bullet, troop):
# Reset bullet
bullet.hideturtle()
state = "ready"
bullet.setposition(0, -400)
troop.shape("boom.gif")
# Update Scoreboard
score += 10
scorestring = "Score: %s" % score
score_pen.clear()
score_pen.write(scorestring, align="left", font=("Arial", 14, "normal"))
troop.setposition(1000, 1000)
if state == "fire":
y = bullet.ycor()
if y > 300:
state = 'ready'
bullet.hideturtle()
else:
bullet.sety(y+ bullet_speed)
screen.ontimer(action, 100)
score = 0
# Define bullet state
# ready = ready to fire
# fire = bullet is firing
state = "ready"
root.geometry("800x600")
root.title("Trooper shooter")
canvas = ScrolledCanvas(root)
canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
screen = TurtleScreen(canvas)
screen.bgcolor("black")
screen.bgpic("background1.png")
screen.register_shape("invader.gif")
screen.register_shape("plane.gif")
screen.register_shape("troop.gif")
screen.register_shape("player1.gif")
screen.register_shape("player2.gif")
screen.register_shape("boom.gif")
# Player
soldier = RawTurtle(screen)
soldier.color("blue")
soldier.shape("player1.gif")
soldier.penup()
soldier.speed('fastest')
soldier.setposition(0, -200)
soldier.setheading(90)
soldierspd = 20
# Score
score_pen = RawTurtle(screen)
score_pen.speed('fastest')
score_pen.hideturtle()
# Plane
plane = RawTurtle(screen)
plane.color("red")
plane.shape("plane.gif")
plane.penup()
plane.speed('fastest')
plane.setposition(-270, 200)
plane.setheading(360)
plane_speed = 20
# ParaTroopers
number_troops = 5
troopers = []
for _ in range(number_troops):
troop = RawTurtle(screen)
troop.color("Purple")
troop.shape("troop.gif")
troop.penup()
troop.speed('fastest')
troop.hideturtle()
x, y = -170, 270
troop.setposition(x + 30, y)
troop.setheading(270)
troopers.append(troop)
troop_speed = 3
# Bullet
bullet = RawTurtle(screen)
bullet.color("yellow")
bullet.shape("triangle")
bullet.penup()
bullet.speed('fastest')
bullet.setheading(90)
bullet.shapesize(0.5)
bullet.hideturtle()
bullet_speed = 30
screen.onkey(Left, "Left")
screen.onkey(Right, "Right")
screen.onkey(Shoot, "space")
screen.listen()
action()
screen.mainloop()