如何从Django Rest Framework请求字段获取数据

Question

我有2种型号：打印机和支票

models.py

class Printer(models.Model):
    name        = models.CharField(...)
    api_key     = models.CharField(...)
    check_type  = models.CharField(...)                                    
    point_id    = models.IntegerField()

class Check(models.Model):
    printer_id      = models.ForeignKey(Printer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    type            = models.CharField(...)
    order           = JSONField(...)
    status          = models.CharField(...)
    pdf_file        = models.FileField(...)

我正在使用Django REST Framework构建API。我收到的POST请求应该看起来像这样：

请求“ / create_checks /”

{
  "id": 123456,
  "price": 780,
  "items": [
    {
      "name": "pizza",
      "quantity": 2,
      "unit_price": 250
    },
    {
      "name": "rolls",
      "quantity": 1,
      "unit_price": 280
    }
  ],
  "address": "some address",
  "client": {
    "name": "John",
    "phone": his phone
  },
  "point_id": 1
}

每个点（做饭的地方）都有两台打印机。我需要创建两个 Check 对象，以便为厨房创建一个“检查”打印，为客户创建一个。为此，我将使用请求中的“ point_id”并创建两个Check

views.py

@api_view(['POST'])
def create_checks(request):
    queryset = Check.objects.all()
    orderid = #order_id from request
    point = #point_id from request
    jsonorder = #request body converted to json
    printers = Printer.objects.filter(point_id=point)
    kitchencheck = Check(printer_id=Printer.objects.get(name=printers[0].name), 
                        type="kitchen", order=jsonorder,status="new")
    clientcheck = Check(printer_id=Printer.objects.get(name=printers[1].name), 
                        type="client", order=jsonorder,status="new")
    kitchencheck.save()
    clientcheck.save()
    return Response({"Success": "Checks created successfully"}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

1。如何从请求中获取order_id和point_id？
2.如何将请求正文转换为JSON文件？
3.有更简单的方法吗？我花了整整一天的时间来了解DRF，“结果”看起来过于庞大且不现实

Answer 1

这是串行器的作用。 （https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/）在视图级别，通过序列化器传递您的请求，这将为您提供validated_data负载。这又可以用来创建模型实例。如果您需要从一组数据中创建两个模型，只需重复最后一步两次即可。

class CheckSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.CharField()
    point_id = serializers.CharField()
    # etc ..

@api_view(['POST'])
def create_checks(request):
    queryset = Check.objects.all()

    serializer = CheckSerializer(data=request.data,
                                context={'request': request})
    serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)

    printers = Printer.objects.filter(point_id=serializer.validated_data['point_id'])

    kitchencheck = Check(
        printer_id=Printer.objects.get(name=printers[0].name), 
        type="kitchen",
        order=jsonorder,
        status="new"
        )

    clientcheck = Check(
        printer_id=Printer.objects.get(name=printers[1].name), 
        type="client",
        order=jsonorder,
        status="new"
        )

    kitchencheck.save()
    clientcheck.save()
    return Response({"Success": "Checks created successfully"}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)