Java:Class.this

时间:2011-04-03 14:46:13

标签: java class this

我有一个看起来像这样的Java程序。

public class LocalScreen {

   public void onMake() {
       aFuncCall(LocalScreen.this, oneString, twoString);
   }
}

LocalScreen.thisaFuncCall中的含义是什么?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:153)

LocalScreen.this指的是封闭类的this

这个例子应该解释一下:

public class LocalScreen {

    public void method() {

        new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                // Prints "An anonymous Runnable"
                System.out.println(this.toString());

                // Prints "A LocalScreen object"
                System.out.println(LocalScreen.this.toString());

                // Won't compile! 'this' is a Runnable!
                //onMake(this);

                // Compiles! Refers to enclosing object
                onMake(LocalScreen.this);
            }

            public String toString() {
                return "An anonymous Runnable!";
            }
        }.run();
    }

    public String toString() { return "A LocalScreen object";  }

    public void onMake(LocalScreen ls) { /* ... */ }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new LocalScreen().method();
    }
}

<强>输出:

An anonymous Runnable!
A LocalScreen object

此帖子已被重写为文章here

答案 1 :(得分:53)

它表示外部this类的LocalScreen实例。

在没有限定符的情况下编写this将返回调用所在的inner class实例。

答案 2 :(得分:14)

编译器接受代码并使用它执行类似的操作:

public class LocalScreen 
{
    public void method() 
    {
        new LocalScreen$1(this).run;
    }

    public String toString() 
    {
        return "A LocalScreen object"; 
    }

    public void onMake(LocalScreen ls) { /* ... */ }

    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        new LocalScreen().method();
    }
}

class LocalScreen$1
     extends Runnable
{
    final LocalScreen $this;

    LocalScreen$1(LocalScreen $this)
    {
        this.$this = $this;
    }

    public void run() 
    {
        // Prints "An anonymous Runnable"
        System.out.println(this.toString());

        // Prints "A LocalScreen object"
        System.out.println($this.toString());

        // Won't compile! 'this' is a Runnable!
        //onMake(this);

        // Compiles! Refers to enclosing object
        $this.onMake($this);
    }

    public String toString() 
    {
        return "An anonymous Runnable!";
    }
}

正如您所看到的,当编译器使用内部类时,它会将其转换为外部类(这是一个很久以前的设计决策,因此不需要更改VM来理解内部类)。

当创建非静态内部类时,它需要对父类的引用,以便它可以调用外部类的方法/访问变量。

内部类的内部不是正确的类型,您需要访问外部类以获得调用onMake方法的正确类型。

答案 3 :(得分:12)

Class.this允许访问外部类的实例。请参阅以下示例。

public class A
{
  final String name;
  final B      b;
  A(String name) {
    this.name = name;
    this.b = new B(name + "-b");
  }

  class B
  {
    final String name;
    final C      c;
    B(String name) {
      this.name = name;
      this.c = new C(name + "-c");
    }

    class C
    {
      final String name;
      final D      d;
      C(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        this.d = new D(name + "-d");
      }

      class D
      {
        final String name;
        D(String name) {
          this.name = name;
        }

        void printMe()
        {
          System.out.println("D: " + D.this.name); // `this` of class D
          System.out.println("C: " + C.this.name); // `this` of class C
          System.out.println("B: " + B.this.name); // `this` of class B
          System.out.println("A: " + A.this.name); // `this` of class A
        }
      }
    }
  }
  static public void main(String ... args)
  {
    final A a = new A("a");
    a.b.c.d.printMe();
  }
}

然后你会得到。

D: a-b-c-d
C: a-b-c
B: a-b
A: a

答案 4 :(得分:-2)

我知道你的困惑是什么。我刚才遇到问题,它应该有特殊的场景来区分它们。

class THIS {
  def andthen = {
    new THIS {
      println(THIS.this.## + ":inner-THIS.this.##")
      println(this.## + ":inner-this.##")
      new THIS {
        println(THIS.this.## + ":inner-inner-THIS.this.##")
        println(this.## + ":inner-this.##")
      }
    }
  }
  def getInfo = {
    println(THIS.this.## + ":THIS.this.##")
    println(this.## + ":this.##")
  }
}

您可以通过哈希码(。##)在新的THIS操作中看到THIS.thisthis之间的差异

在scala控制台中进行

测试:

scala> val x = new THIS
x: THIS = THIS@5ab9b447

scala> val y = x.andthen
1522119751:inner-THIS.this.##
404586280:inner-this.##
1522119751:inner-inner-THIS.this.##
2027227708:inner-this.##
y: THIS = THIS$$anon$1@181d7f28

scala> x.getInfo
1522119751:THIS.this.##
1522119751:this.##

THIS.this总是指向由val x引用的外部THIS类,但this超出了匿名新操作。