我对C ++还是很陌生,所以很抱歉如果我问些愚蠢的事情,但是我没有在线找到答案(只有一篇引用python(Can mmap and gzip collaborate?)的文章,试图看看是否可以阅读。通过mmap()函数(以下为Fast textfile reading in c++)对GZ文件进行操作,以便对该文件进行某些操作并将其记录在另一个文件上。 我只需要基于某些列/字段值保留原始行和列的一部分,以便以后检索它们并与其他主题不同的其他相似文件进行比较,以提取相似性/差异。文件很大(最大10GB .GZ),因此我正在尝试对GZIP文件使用快速比较方法。 它更是与其他方法的“性能比较”。这是代码(对不起,很长,我觉得很糟糕):
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <typeinfo>
// for mmap:
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
//for writefile
#include <fstream>
template <int N>
void emptyArray( char (&arrayName) [N] ) {
std::fill( std::begin( arrayName ), std::end( arrayName ), 0 );
}
const char* map_file(const char* fname, size_t& length);
int main() {
//prende la dimensione del file da aprire
size_t length;
auto f = map_file("myfile.vcf", length);
auto l = f + length;
uintmax_t m_numLines = 0;
std::vector<int> v0;
std::vector<int> v1;
std::vector<int> v2;
for (int i=1; i<length; i++) {
//vettore di posizioni # in prima posizione di una linea
if (f[i] == '#' && f[i-1] == '\n') v0.push_back(i);
//vettore di nuove linee
if (f[i] == '\n') v1.push_back(i+1);
}
std::vector<int> inter;
set_intersection(v0.begin(), v0.end(),
v1.begin(), v1.end(),
back_inserter(inter));
v1.erase(set_difference(v1.begin(), v1.end(),
inter.begin(), inter.end(),
v1.begin()), v1.end());
v1.pop_back();
char chromArray[3];
char posArray[10];
char refArray[50];
char altArray[50];
char qualityArray[10];
char gtArray[4];
char gqxArray[5];
char dpArray[5];
char adArray[10];
//LOOP per NUM RIGA
//apro loop su vettore NL (non #)
for (int nl =0; nl<v1.size(); nl++) {
//CONTATORI
int ncol = 0;
int chri = 0;
int posi = 0;
int refi = 0;
int alti = 0;
int qi = 0;
int formatHeaderCount = 0;
int formatLastCount = 0;
int numGT = 0;
int gti = 0;
int numGQX = 0;
int gqxi = 0;
int numDP = 0;
int dpi = 0;
int numAD = 0;
int adi = 0;
std::string chromValue;
emptyArray(chromArray);
std::string posValue;
emptyArray(posArray);
std::string refValue;
emptyArray(refArray);
std::string altValue;
emptyArray(altArray);
std::string quality;
emptyArray(qualityArray);
std::string gtValue;
emptyArray(gtArray);
std::string gqxValue;
emptyArray(gqxArray);
std::string dpValue;
emptyArray(dpArray);
std::string adValue;
emptyArray(adArray);
for( int start=v1[nl]; start<v1[nl+1]; start++ ) {
if (f[start] == '\t') ncol++;
if (ncol == 0) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' && f[start] != 'c' && f[start] != 'h' && f[start] != 'r' ) {
chromArray[chri] = f[start];
chri++;
}
}
if (ncol == 1) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
posArray[posi] = f[start];
posi++;
}
}
if (ncol == 3) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
refArray[refi] = f[start];
refi++;
}
}
if (ncol == 4) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
altArray[alti] = f[start];
alti++;
}
}
if (ncol == 5) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
qualityArray[qi] = f[start];
qi++;
}
}
if (ncol == 8) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
if (f[start] == ':') formatHeaderCount++;
if (f[start] == 'G' && f[start+1] == 'T' && f[start+2] == ':' ) {
numGT = formatHeaderCount;
}
if (f[start] == ':' && f[start+1] == 'G' && f[start+2] == 'Q' && f[start+3] == 'X' && f[start+4] == ':') {
numGQX = formatHeaderCount;
}
if (f[start] == ':' && f[start+1] == 'D' && f[start+2] == 'P' && ( f[start+3] == ':' || ( f[start+3] == 'I' && f[start+4] == ':') )) {
numDP = formatHeaderCount;
}
if (f[start] == ':' && f[start+1] == 'A' && f[start+2] == 'D' && f[start+3] == ':' ) {
numAD = formatHeaderCount;
}
}
}
if (ncol == 9) {
if ( f[start] != '\t' ) {
if (f[start] == ':') formatLastCount++;
if (formatLastCount == numGT) {
if ( f[start] != ':' ) {
gtArray[gti] = f[start];
gti++;
}
}
if (formatLastCount == numGQX) {
if ( f[start] != ':' ) {
gqxArray[gqxi] = f[start];
gqxi++;
}
}
if (formatLastCount == numDP) {
if ( f[start] != ':' ) {
dpArray[dpi] = f[start];
dpi++;
}
}
if (formatLastCount == numAD) {
if ( f[start] != ':' ) {
adArray[adi] = f[start];
adi++;
}
}
}
}
}
chromValue.append(chromArray);
posValue.append(posArray);
refValue.append(refArray);
altValue.append(altArray);
quality.append(qualityArray);
gtValue.append(gtArray);
gqxValue.append(gqxArray);
dpValue.append(dpArray);
adValue.append(adArray);
if (gqxi < 2 || dpi < 2 || qi < 2) continue;
if (stoi(gqxValue) < 30) continue;
std::ofstream myfile ("myRes.txt", std::ios_base::app);
if (myfile.is_open()) {
myfile <<
nl << "\t" <<
chromValue << "-" << posValue << "-" << refValue << "-" << altValue << "\t" <<
gtValue << "\t" <<
gqxValue << "\t" <<
quality << "\t" <<
dpValue << "\t" <<
adValue <<
"\n";
myfile.close();
} else {
std::cout << "Unable to open file" << '\n';
}
}
}
void handle_error(const char* msg) {
perror(msg);
exit(255);
}
const char* map_file(const char* fname, size_t& length) {
int fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1)
handle_error("open");
struct stat sb;
if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1)
handle_error("fstat");
length = sb.st_size;
const char* addr = static_cast<const char*>(mmap(NULL, length, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0u));
if (addr == MAP_FAILED)
handle_error("mmap");
return addr;
}
现在,我知道我可以使用以下方式打开GZIP文件:
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/iostreams/filtering_streambuf.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/copy.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/filter/gzip.hpp>
//NB: devo linkare a libreria boost zlib in comando: c++ --std=c++11 -L/opt/X11/lib -lboost_iostreams -lz gzread.cpp -o gzread
using namespace std;
using namespace boost::iostreams;
int main()
{
ifstream file("myfile.gz", ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
filtering_streambuf<input> inbuf; //iniziallizzo filtering_streambuf inbuf
inbuf.push(gzip_decompressor()); //ci metto dentro decompressore GZIP (se file GZIP)
inbuf.push(file); //ci metto dentro file
//Convert streambuf to istream
std::istream instream(&inbuf);
//Iterate lines
std::string line;
string chr;
while(std::getline(instream, line)) {
istringstream iss(line); // string stream della linea
int i = 0;
while (getline(iss, line, t)) { // read first part up to comma, ignore the comma (il terzo arfomento di getline gli indica dove fermarsi, se assente si ferma a newline)
if (i == 2) cout << line << "n";
++i;
}
}
// copy(inbuf, cout); //copio in stdout
}
这是文件行的示例:
chr1 1246301。 AC 4离目标; LowGQX SNVSB = 0.0; SNVHPOL = 2; phyloP = 1.096; CSQT = 1 | ACAP3 | NM_030649.2 | upstream_gene_variant,1 | PUSL1 | NM_153339.1 | missense_variant,1 | CPSF3L | NM_001256456.1 | downstream_gene_variant GT: GQ:GQX:DP:DPF:AD:PL 0/1:3:0:1:0:0,1:37,3,0
有没有办法将它们结合起来?甚至其他方法,如果它们可以更“高效”。
非常感谢您的任何建议!
答案 0 :(得分:0)
您可以使用zlib的inflate()
函数读取内存映射的gzip文件。 (请阅读zlib.h中的文档。)
但是,无论您是从文件中读取还是从内存映射中读取,都无法在未压缩的数据周围跳转。未压缩的数据必须按顺序处理,或按顺序保存以供以后进行随机访问处理。