我正在尝试从表中选择一行,
但是当我尝试强制执行第一个约束时遇到了问题。
这一切都按预期工作在整数上: 首先,创建如下所示的表:
t1
+----+---------+
| id | content |
+----+---------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | c |
+----+---------+
和
t2
+----+---------+
| id | t1_id |
+----+---------+
| 1 | 1 |
+----+---------+
postgres=# create table t1(id int, content varchar(10), primary key (id));
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# create table t2(id int, t1_id int, foreign key (t1_id) references t1(id));
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# insert into t1 values (1, 'a');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into t1 values (2, 'b');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into t1 values (3, 'c');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# insert into t2 values (1, 1);
INSERT 0 1
现在,我想在t1
中选择最低id
的行,该行在t2
中不显示为外键。我想在t1
中选择具有id = 2
的行,它可以按预期工作:
postgres=# select min(t1.id) from t1 left outer join t2 on t1.id = t2.t1_id where t2.id is null;
min
-----
2
(1 row)
但是,当我尝试使用UUID进行相同操作时,最终查询根本无法返回任何内容。注意,我已经使用answer from this post定义了一种查找最小UUID的方法:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION min(uuid, uuid)
RETURNS uuid AS $$
BEGIN
IF $2 IS NULL OR $1 > $2 THEN
RETURN $2;
END IF;
RETURN $1;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
create aggregate min(uuid) (
sfunc = min,
stype = uuid,
combinefunc = min,
parallel = safe,
sortop = operator (<)
);
现在,与以前一样构建表,使用gen_random_uuid
自动生成UUID:
postgres=# drop table t2;
postgres=# drop table t1;
postgres=# create table t1(id uuid default gen_random_uuid(), content varchar(10), primary key (id));
postgres=# create table t2(id int, t1_id uuid, foreign key (t1_id) references t1(id));
postgres=# insert into t1(content) ('a');
postgres=# insert into t1(content) values ('a');
postgres=# insert into t1(content) values ('b');
postgres=# insert into t1(content) values ('c');
我们已经在t1
中成功输入了三个条目。将条目添加到t2
:
postgres=# select * from t1;
id | content
--------------------------------------+---------
b6148ae3-db56-4a4a-8d46-d5b4f04277ac | a
03abd324-8626-4fb1-9cb0-593373abf9ca | b
9f12b297-3f60-48a7-8282-e27c3aff1152 | c
(3 rows)
postgres=# insert into t2 values(1, '9f12b297-3f60-48a7-8282-e27c3aff1152');
尝试从t1
中选择行号最小的行,该行没有出现在t2
中,请注意,这会失败。
postgres=# select min(t1.id) from t1 left outer join t2 on t1.id = t2.t1_id where t2.id is null;
min
-----
(1 row)
在这里,我们表明我们可以在t1
中选择两个未引用的条目,并且可以独立选择一个最小的UUID:
postgres=# select t1.id from t1 left outer join t2 on t1.id = t2.t1_id where t2.id is null;
id
--------------------------------------
03abd324-8626-4fb1-9cb0-593373abf9ca
b6148ae3-db56-4a4a-8d46-d5b4f04277ac
(2 rows)
postgres=# select min(id) from t1;
min
--------------------------------------
03abd324-8626-4fb1-9cb0-593373abf9ca
(1 row)
因此,当我尝试选择最小的UUID并尝试执行左外部联接时,会发生一些有趣的事情。
编辑:使用not exists
时存在相同的问题:
postgres=# select min(id) from t1 where not exists (select t1_id from t2 where t2.t1_id = t1.id);
min
-----
(1 row)
但使用not in
时不会出现问题:
postgres=# select min(id) from t1 where id not in (select t1_id from t2);
min
--------------------------------------
03abd324-8626-4fb1-9cb0-593373abf9ca
(1 row)
答案 0 :(得分:2)
找到了解决方案,结果发现比较来自this post的UUID的功能不正确。这是我编写的函数,可能性能较低,它传递了以前失败的所有情况:
CREATE FUNCTION min_uuid(uuid, uuid)
RETURNS uuid AS $$
BEGIN
-- if they're both null, return null
IF $2 IS NULL AND $1 IS NULL THEN
RETURN NULL ;
END IF;
-- if just 1 is null, return the other
IF $2 IS NULL THEN
RETURN $1;
END IF ;
IF $1 IS NULL THEN
RETURN $2;
END IF;
-- neither are null, return the smaller one
IF $1 > $2 THEN
RETURN $2;
END IF;
RETURN $1;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
create aggregate min(uuid) (
sfunc = min_uuid,
stype = uuid,
combinefunc = min_uuid,
parallel = safe,
sortop = operator (<)
);