Question

下面是我为自己制作的骰子游戏构建的代码。一旦退出游戏，我需要它来显示获胜次数和失败次数。一切运行顺利，但仅计算当前的最后结果。有什么想法吗？

import random

   def roll_dice():
      winner = 0
      loser = 0
      roll = (random.randint(1,6))
      roll2 = (random.randint(1,6))
      print(roll,"  "roll2)
      if roll == roll2:
        print("Winner!")
        winner += 1
      else:
        print("Loser!")
        loser += 1
      play_again = input("Would you like to play again?")

      if play_again == "yes":
        roll_dice()

      else:
        print("You won " , winner , "times")
        print("You lost ", loser , "times")
        quit

   def main():

     game_start = input("Would you like to roll the dice?")
     if game_start == 'yes':
        roll_dice()

     else:
        print("too bad")

   if __name__ == '__main__':
   main()

Answer 1

之所以发生这种情况，是因为您是变量的优胜者，而失败者是局部变量，并且每次调用roll_dice（）时都将其初始化为零。您可以将赢家和输家作为全局变量，也可以将它们作为参数传递给函数。参见下面的全局变量

import random

winner = 0
loser = 0

def roll_dice():
  global winner, loser
  roll = (random.randint(1,6))
  roll2 = (random.randint(1,6))
  print(roll,"  ",roll2)
  if roll == roll2:
    print("Winner!")
    winner += 1
  else:
    print("Loser!")
    loser += 1
  play_again = input("Would you like to play again?")

  if play_again == "yes":
    roll_dice()

  else:
    print("You won " , winner , "times")
    print("You lost ", loser , "times")
    quit

def main():

 game_start = input("Would you like to roll the dice?")
 if game_start == 'yes':
    roll_dice()

 else:
    print("too bad")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我还要指出，您不应在此处使用递归，因为它会导致堆栈溢出错误。循环将是一个更好的选择。

Answer 2

这是因为winner和loser是局部变量，范围为对roll_dice的调用。

每次调用都会实例化一个新变量loser和winner，并且该实例随函数的返回而消失。

更多Short description of the scoping rules?

一种解决问题的方法是在全局范围内制作winner和loser变量。

更干净的解决方案是重组代码，以使roll_dice返回winner和loser的计数作为元组。

Answer 3

每次调用function（因为您将其作为递归进行调用）时，winner和loser的变量将变为zero。我认为您需要在function中更改def roll_dice()。如@ ashutoshy.and01所述，最好使用looping。

此外，如果只有两个骰子上的数字相等，就可以使玩家成为赢家，否则，即使玩家的骰子数大于计算机的骰子数，输家也会成为赢家。

def roll_dice():
    winner = 0
    loser = 0
    play_again = "yes"
    while play_again == "yes":
        roll = (random.randint(1,6))
        roll2 = (random.randint(1,6))
        print(str(roll),"  ",end=str(roll2))
        if roll >= roll2:
            print(" Winner!")
            winner += 1
        else:
            print(" Loser!")
            loser += 1
        play_again = input("Would you like to play again?")
    print("You won " , winner , "times")
    print("You lost ", loser , "times")
    quit

需要帮助弄清楚为什么我的骰子游戏计数器不正确

3 个答案: