如何在Spring中异步运行函数

Question

我有Spring App。它使用moduleApplicationContext.xml来配置Bean。我想在控制器中运行一个异步函数，它不应该等待响应发送。

在谷歌搜索之后，我开始了解@Async注释。

然后我执行了以下步骤来添加异步服务；

1。我已在moduleApplicationContext.xml文件中启用了异步操作

<task:annotation-driven executor="myExecutor" exception-handler="exceptionHandler"/>
<task:executor id="myExecutor" pool-size="7-42" queue-capacity="8"/>

2。我已经创建了一个用于处理异步操作异常的文件

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.interceptor.AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler;

public class CustomAsyncExceptionHandler implements AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler {

    @Override
    public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable throwable, Method method, Object... obj) {

        System.out.println("Exception message - " + throwable.getMessage());
        System.out.println("Method name - " + method.getName());
        for (Object param : obj) {
            System.out.println("Parameter value - " + param);
        }
    }

}

我已将其bean添加到moduleApplicationContext.xml

中

<bean id="exceptionHandler" class="org.raxa.module.raxacore.util.CustomAsyncExceptionHandler"/>

3。我在Service和ServiceImpl中添加了异步方法

@Async("myExecutor")
    public void asynchronousFunction() throws InterruptedException {
        log.info("Asynchronous Operation Starts");
        Thread.sleep(1000L); //Intentional delay
        log.info("Asynchronous Operation Ends");
    }

现在，我正在控制器类中为特定的端点“ / temp”调用异步函数。

Context.getService(RaxaCdsService.class).asynchronousFunction();

但是，我的Tomcat日志中出现以下错误

ERROR - FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(497) |2019-03-18 12:00:47,642| Context initialization failed
java.lang.IllegalStateException: BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.getBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:170)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getInternalParentBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1107)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.createBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:200)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:126)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:452)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:663)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:629)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:677)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:548)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:489)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
    at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    at org.openmrs.web.DispatcherServlet.init(DispatcherServlet.java:84)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1124)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1079)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:761)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:133)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:668)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:770)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

如果我的现有应用程序中存在一些配置问题，以使@Async注释正常工作，请告诉我。如果解决方案是基于Xml Configuration的解决方案（如我所用），那么我会很好。  或者，如果在剩余呼叫响应为“发送”之后还有另一种更好的执行异步操作的方法，请告诉我。