我在python 3中使用telenetlib时遇到问题。这是我的代码：
import time
import os
originalTime=0
state=0
def cleanString(inText):
inText = inText.rstrip()
params, inText = inText.split("=",1)
inText = str(inText)
return inText
def notify(title, text, sound):
os.system("""osascript -e 'display notification "{}" with title "{}" sound name "{}"'
""".format(text, title, sound))
def shutdown():
os.system("""osascript -e 'tell application "System Events"
shut down
end tell'
""")
dataFile = open("NUT.conf", "r")
login = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
password = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
host = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
port = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
upsName = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
shutdownTime = cleanString(dataFile.readline())
shutdownTime = shutdownTime*60,000
print(login)
print(password)
print(host)
print(port)
print(upsName)
print(shutdownTime)
ups_handler=PyNUT.PyNUTClient(host=host, port=port, login=login, password=password)
upsInfo = ups_handler.GetUPSVars(upsName)
while True:
upsInfo = ups_handler.GetUPSVars(upsName)
if upsInfo['ups.status']=='OB DISCHRG' and state!=1:
originalTime = time.time()
state=1
elif upsInfo['ups.status']=='OB DISCHRG' :
print("PANIC")
if(int(originalTime)+int( shutdownTime))==time.time():
notify("UPS Alert", "Detected UPS power loss. Shutting down NAS in "+shutdownTime+" minute(s).", "Funk")
#TODO shutdown computer
if upsInfo['ups.status']=='OL':
state=0
这是pyNUT库：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright (C) 2008 David Goncalves <david@lestat.st>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
# 2008-01-14 David Goncalves
# PyNUT is an abstraction class to access NUT (Network UPS Tools) server.
#
# 2008-06-09 David Goncalves
# Added 'GetRWVars' and 'SetRWVar' commands.
#
# 2009-02-19 David Goncalves
# Changed class PyNUT to PyNUTClient
#
# 2010-07-23 David Goncalves - Version 1.2
# Changed GetRWVars function that fails is the UPS is not
# providing such vars.
#
# 2011-07-05 René Martín Rodríguez <rmrodri@ull.es> - Version 1.2.1
# Added support for FSD, HELP and VER commands
#
# 2012-02-07 René Martín Rodríguez <rmrodri@ull.es> - Version 1.2.2
# Added support for LIST CLIENTS command
#
# 2014-06-03 george2 - Version 1.3.0
# Added custom exception class, fixed minor bug, added Python 3 support.
#
import telnetlib
class PyNUTError(Exception):
""" Base class for custom exceptions """
class PyNUTClient:
""" Abstraction class to access NUT (Network UPS Tools) server """
__debug = None # Set class to debug mode (prints everything useful for debugging...)
__host = None
__port = None
__login = None
__password = None
__timeout = None
__srv_handler = None
__version = "1.3.0"
__release = "2014-06-03"
def __init__( self, host="127.0.0.1", port=3493, login=None, password=None, debug=False, timeout=5 ) :
""" Class initialization method
host : Host to connect (default to localhost)
port : Port where NUT listens for connections (default to 3493)
login : Login used to connect to NUT server (default to None for no authentication)
password : Password used when using authentication (default to None)
debug : Boolean, put class in debug mode (prints everything on console, default to False)
timeout : Timeout used to wait for network response
"""
self.__debug = debug
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] Class initialization..." )
print( "[DEBUG] -> Host = %s (port %s)" % ( host, port ) )
print( "[DEBUG] -> Login = '%s' / '%s'" % ( login, password ) )
self.__host = host
self.__port = port
self.__login = login
self.__password = password
self.__timeout = 5
self.__connect()
# Try to disconnect cleanly when class is deleted ;)
def __del__( self ) :
""" Class destructor method """
try :
self.__srv_handler.write( "LOGOUT\n" )
except :
pass
def __connect( self ) :
""" Connects to the defined server
If login/pass was specified, the class tries to authenticate. An error is raised
if something goes wrong.
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] Connecting to host" )
self.__srv_handler = telnetlib.Telnet( self.__host, self.__port )
if self.__login != None :
self.__srv_handler.write( "USERNAME %s\n" % self.__login )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n", self.__timeout )
if result[:2] != "OK" :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
if self.__password != None :
self.__srv_handler.write( "PASSWORD %s\n" % self.__password )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n", self.__timeout )
if result[:2] != "OK" :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
def GetUPSList( self ) :
""" Returns the list of available UPS from the NUT server
The result is a dictionary containing 'key->val' pairs of 'UPSName' and 'UPS Description'
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] GetUPSList from server" )
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST UPS\n" )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if result != "BEGIN LIST UPS\n" :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "END LIST UPS\n" )
ups_list = {}
for line in result.split( "\n" ) :
if line[:3] == "UPS" :
ups, desc = line[4:-1].split( '"' )
ups_list[ ups.replace( " ", "" ) ] = desc
return( ups_list )
def GetUPSVars( self, ups="" ) :
""" Get all available vars from the specified UPS
The result is a dictionary containing 'key->val' pairs of all
available vars.
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] GetUPSVars called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST VAR %s\n" % ups )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if result != "BEGIN LIST VAR %s\n" % ups :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
ups_vars = {}
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "END LIST VAR %s\n" % ups )
offset = len( "VAR %s " % ups )
end_offset = 0 - ( len( "END LIST VAR %s\n" % ups ) + 1 )
for current in result[:end_offset].split( "\n" ) :
var = current[ offset: ].split( '"' )[0].replace( " ", "" )
data = current[ offset: ].split( '"' )[1]
ups_vars[ var ] = data
return( ups_vars )
def GetUPSCommands( self, ups="" ) :
""" Get all available commands for the specified UPS
The result is a dict object with command name as key and a description
of the command as value
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] GetUPSCommands called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST CMD %s\n" % ups )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if result != "BEGIN LIST CMD %s\n" % ups :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
ups_cmds = {}
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "END LIST CMD %s\n" % ups )
offset = len( "CMD %s " % ups )
end_offset = 0 - ( len( "END LIST CMD %s\n" % ups ) + 1 )
for current in result[:end_offset].split( "\n" ) :
var = current[ offset: ].split( '"' )[0].replace( " ", "" )
# For each var we try to get the available description
try :
self.__srv_handler.write( "GET CMDDESC %s %s\n" % ( ups, var ) )
temp = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if temp[:7] != "CMDDESC" :
raise PyNUTError
else :
off = len( "CMDDESC %s %s " % ( ups, var ) )
desc = temp[off:-1].split('"')[1]
except :
desc = var
ups_cmds[ var ] = desc
return( ups_cmds )
def GetRWVars( self, ups="" ) :
""" Get a list of all writable vars from the selected UPS
The result is presented as a dictionary containing 'key->val' pairs
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] GetUPSVars from '%s'..." % ups )
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST RW %s\n" % ups )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if ( result != "BEGIN LIST RW %s\n" % ups ) :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "END LIST RW %s\n" % ups )
offset = len( "VAR %s" % ups )
end_offset = 0 - ( len( "END LIST RW %s\n" % ups ) + 1 )
rw_vars = {}
try :
for current in result[:end_offset].split( "\n" ) :
var = current[ offset: ].split( '"' )[0].replace( " ", "" )
data = current[ offset: ].split( '"' )[1]
rw_vars[ var ] = data
except :
pass
return( rw_vars )
def SetRWVar( self, ups="", var="", value="" ):
""" Set a variable to the specified value on selected UPS
The variable must be a writable value (cf GetRWVars) and you must have the proper
rights to set it (maybe login/password).
"""
self.__srv_handler.write( "SET VAR %s %s %s\n" % ( ups, var, value ) )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if ( result == "OK\n" ) :
return( "OK" )
else :
raise PyNUTError( result )
def RunUPSCommand( self, ups="", command="" ) :
""" Send a command to the specified UPS
Returns OK on success or raises an error
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] RunUPSCommand called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "INSTCMD %s %s\n" % ( ups, command ) )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if ( result == "OK\n" ) :
return( "OK" )
else :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
def FSD( self, ups="") :
""" Send FSD command
Returns OK on success or raises an error
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] MASTER called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "MASTER %s\n" % ups )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if ( result != "OK MASTER-GRANTED\n" ) :
raise PyNUTError( ( "Master level function are not available", "" ) )
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] FSD called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "FSD %s\n" % ups )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if ( result == "OK FSD-SET\n" ) :
return( "OK" )
else :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
def help(self) :
""" Send HELP command
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] HELP called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "HELP\n")
return self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
def ver(self) :
""" Send VER command
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] VER called..." )
self.__srv_handler.write( "VER\n")
return self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
def ListClients( self, ups = None ) :
""" Returns the list of connected clients from the NUT server
The result is a dictionary containing 'key->val' pairs of 'UPSName' and a list of clients
"""
if self.__debug :
print( "[DEBUG] ListClients from server" )
if ups and (ups not in self.GetUPSList()):
raise PyNUTError( "%s is not a valid UPS" % ups )
if ups:
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST CLIENTS %s\n" % ups)
else:
self.__srv_handler.write( "LIST CLIENTS\n" )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "\n" )
if result != "BEGIN LIST CLIENTS\n" :
raise PyNUTError( result.replace( "\n", "" ) )
result = self.__srv_handler.read_until( "END LIST CLIENTS\n" )
ups_list = {}
for line in result.split( "\n" ):
if line[:6] == "CLIENT" :
host, ups = line[7:].split(' ')
ups.replace(' ', '')
if not ups in ups_list:
ups_list[ups] = []
ups_list[ups].append(host)
return( ups_list )
这让我犯了这个错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/gabrielcsizmadia/Documents/GitHub/nut-shutdown-app/main.py", line 43, in <module>
ups_handler=PyNUT.PyNUTClient(host=host, port=port, login=login, password=password)
File "/Users/gabrielcsizmadia/Documents/GitHub/nut-shutdown-app/PyNUT.py", line 86, in __init__
self.__connect()
File "/Users/gabrielcsizmadia/Documents/GitHub/nut-shutdown-app/PyNUT.py", line 108, in __connect
self.__srv_handler.write( "USERNAME %s\n" % self.__login )
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/telnetlib.py", line 287, in write
if IAC in buffer:
TypeError: 'in <string>' requires string as left operand, not bytes
File "/Users/gabrielcsizmadia/Desktop/Homelab/NUT Shutdown/MacOS Shutdown/PyNUT.py", line 108, in __connect
self.__srv_handler.write( "USERNAME %s\n" % self.__login )
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/telnetlib.py", line 287, in write
if IAC in buffer:
TypeError: 'in <string>' requires string as left operand, not bytes
不确定从这里去哪里... 任何帮助将不胜感激！
编辑：我已经更新了错误，我在原始代码中发布了错误的错误...我还向代码中添加了更多内容。
我还注意到它在Python 2.7中运行良好，但在Python 3中却无法运行。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
尝试
print(objName.Hello().decode('utf-8'))
答案 1 :(得分：0)
问题在于pyNUT是为Python 2编写的。telnetlib期望其大多数输入为 bytes 。在Python 2中， str 类型是一个字节字符串，但是在Python 3中，它是unicode。
pyNUT代码使用字符串常量在内部格式化字符串，如下所示：
self.__srv_handler.write( "USERNAME %s\n" % self.__login )
所以传递字节将无济于事：
>>> 'Hello %s' % 'world'.encode('ascii')
"Hello b'world'"
pyNUT需要修改以将字节传递给telnetlib。例如
self.__srv_handler.write( b"USERNAME %s\n" % self.__login.encode('ascii') )