使用Decodable协议进行JSON解析

时间:2019-03-16 00:29:49

标签: json swift struct decodable

我下面有一个json,我想从中解析/分配值

{
"Rooms":[
  {
     "id":"100",
     "title":"CS Classroom",
     "description":"Classroom for Computer science students",
     "capacity":"50"
  },
  {
     "id":"101",
     "title":"Mechanical Lab",
     "description":"Mechanical Lab work",
     "capacity":"50"
  },
  {
     "id":"108",
     "title":"Computer Lab",
     "description":"Computer Lab work",
     "capacity":"50"
  }
 ]
}

此json类型为[Dictionary:Dictonary],它只有键“ Rooms”

我应该创建结构时

struct RoomsInfo: Decodable {
 let rooms: Rooms
}

struct Rooms {
  let id: String
  let title: String
  let description: String
  let capacity: String
}

我的第一个问题是:由于我只有Rooms键,是否可以只创建一个结构而不是两个结构?

我的第二个问题是:如果我的json具有“ Rooms1”,“ Rooms2”,“ Rooms3”,“ Rooms4”这样的键,在这种情况下,我可以创建确认可解码的结构还是需要解析吗?手动吗?

请咨询

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

对于第一个问题,您有一个名为Room的密钥,因此它必须解码该密钥, 是否可能不确定,而不是先解析JSON数据,然后调出该键JSON["Rooms"]的值,然后将内部内容解析为[Room].self

对于第二个问题,如果计数是无限的,就好像您不知道将要使用多少Room键一样,则Decoder能力有限,但是您始终可以映射将值作为Dictionary删除,然后将值解码为Room而不关心密钥,此技巧可以解决,但您将放弃原始的Key

针对第二种情况进行更新: 在下面查看此代码。

typealias jsonDictionary = [String: Any]
let jsonData = json.data(using: .utf8)! // converting test json string to data
var arrayOfRooms: [Room] = []
do {
let serialized = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData, options: []) // serializing jsonData to json object
    if let objects = serialized as? [String: Any] { //casting to dictionary
        for key in objects.keys { //looping into the keys rooms (n) number
           let rooms = objects[key] // getting those rooms by key
            let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: rooms!, options: []) //converting those objects to data again to parse
            var myRoom = try! JSONDecoder().decode([Room].self, from: data) // decoding each array of rooms
            arrayOfRooms.append(contentsOf: myRoom) // appending rooms to main rooms array declared on top
        print("Data", data) // just to check
        }
        print("MY Array Of Rooms Count \(arrayOfRooms.count)")
    } else {
        print("nil")
    }

} catch {

}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

答案1:是的,nestedContainers可以实现,但是付出的努力大于收益。

答案2:将字典解码为[String:Room]或使用this answer中描述的自定义编码键