我看到此问题的其他版本略有不同，但与我的情况不完全相同，所以我问：
我已在Windows 8.1操作系统上安装了Python 3.72。
即使我看到已经安装了Spyder3及其所有依赖项，我仍然无法启动。为什么？如何启动Spyder3？
C:\Python372>pip install pyqt5
Requirement already satisfied: pyqt5 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (5.12)
Requirement already satisfied: PyQt5_sip<4.20,>=4.19.14 in c:\python372\lib\site
-packages (from pyqt5) (4.19.14)
C:\Python372>pip install spyder
Requirement already satisfied: spyder in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (3.3.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pyflakes in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
spyder) (2.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyzmq in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from spy
der) (18.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: qtpy>=1.5.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fr
om spyder) (1.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pickleshare in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fr
om spyder) (0.7.5)
Requirement already satisfied: jedi>=0.9.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fr
om spyder) (0.13.3)
Requirement already satisfied: spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2 in c:\python372\lib\si
te-packages (from spyder) (0.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pyqt5<=5.12; python_version >= "3" in c:\python37
2\lib\site-packages (from spyder) (5.12)
Requirement already satisfied: pylint in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from sp
yder) (2.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet>=2.0.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from spyder) (3.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: pygments>=2.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (
from spyder) (2.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pycodestyle in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fr
om spyder) (2.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: qtawesome>=0.4.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from spyder) (0.5.7)
Requirement already satisfied: qtconsole>=4.2.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from spyder) (4.4.3)
Requirement already satisfied: cloudpickle in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fr
om spyder) (0.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: nbconvert in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
spyder) (5.4.1)
Requirement already satisfied: keyring; sys_platform != "linux2" in c:\python372
\lib\site-packages (from spyder) (18.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sphinx in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from sp
yder) (1.8.4)
Requirement already satisfied: numpydoc in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
spyder) (0.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: psutil in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from sp
yder) (5.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: rope>=0.10.5 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (f
rom spyder) (0.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: parso>=0.3.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (f
rom jedi>=0.9.0->spyder) (0.3.4)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-client>=5.2.3 in c:\python372\lib\site-pa
ckages (from spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (5.2.4)
Requirement already satisfied: ipykernel>=4.8.2 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (5.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: PyQt5_sip<4.20,>=4.19.14 in c:\python372\lib\site
-packages (from pyqt5<=5.12; python_version >= "3"->spyder) (4.19.14)
Requirement already satisfied: colorama; sys_platform == "win32" in c:\python372
\lib\site-packages (from pylint->spyder) (0.4.1)
Requirement already satisfied: mccabe<0.7,>=0.6 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from pylint->spyder) (0.6.1)
Requirement already satisfied: isort<5,>=4.2.5 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from pylint->spyder) (4.3.12)
Requirement already satisfied: astroid<3,>=2.2.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packag
es (from pylint->spyder) (2.2.4)
Requirement already satisfied: six in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from qtawe
some>=0.4.1->spyder) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: traitlets in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
qtconsole>=4.2.0->spyder) (4.3.2)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython-genutils in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from qtconsole>=4.2.0->spyder) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-core in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (f
rom qtconsole>=4.2.0->spyder) (4.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: testpath in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
nbconvert->spyder) (0.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: defusedxml in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fro
m nbconvert->spyder) (0.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: nbformat>=4.4 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (
from nbconvert->spyder) (4.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: bleach in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from nb
convert->spyder) (3.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: entrypoints>=0.2.2 in c:\python372\lib\site-packa
ges (from nbconvert->spyder) (0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: mistune>=0.8.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from nbconvert->spyder) (0.8.4)
Requirement already satisfied: pandocfilters>=1.4.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-pac
kages (from nbconvert->spyder) (1.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: jinja2 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from nb
convert->spyder) (2.10)
Requirement already satisfied: pywin32-ctypes!=0.1.0,!=0.1.1; sys_platform == "w
in32" in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from keyring; sys_platform != "linux2"-
>spyder) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: snowballstemmer>=1.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-pac
kages (from sphinx->spyder) (1.2.1)
Requirement already satisfied: docutils>=0.11 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from sphinx->spyder) (0.14)
Requirement already satisfied: requests>=2.0.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from sphinx->spyder) (2.21.0)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
sphinx->spyder) (19.0)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (fro
m sphinx->spyder) (40.6.2)
Requirement already satisfied: alabaster<0.8,>=0.7 in c:\python372\lib\site-pack
ages (from sphinx->spyder) (0.7.12)
Requirement already satisfied: sphinxcontrib-websupport in c:\python372\lib\site
-packages (from sphinx->spyder) (1.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: imagesize in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
sphinx->spyder) (1.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: babel!=2.0,>=1.3 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from sphinx->spyder) (2.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-pac
kages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (2.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: tornado>=4.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (f
rom jupyter-client>=5.2.3->spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (6.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython>=5.0.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from ipykernel>=4.8.2->spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (7.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: wrapt in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from ast
roid<3,>=2.2.0->pylint->spyder) (1.11.1)
Requirement already satisfied: lazy-object-proxy in c:\python372\lib\site-packag
es (from astroid<3,>=2.2.0->pylint->spyder) (1.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: typed-ast>=1.3.0; implementation_name == "cpython
" in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from astroid<3,>=2.2.0->pylint->spyder) (1.
3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
traitlets->qtconsole>=4.2.0->spyder) (4.3.2)
Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.4 in c:\python372\lib\site-
packages (from nbformat>=4.4->nbconvert->spyder) (3.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: webencodings in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (f
rom bleach->nbconvert->spyder) (0.5.1)
Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=0.23 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from jinja2->nbconvert->spyder) (1.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.9,>=2.5 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages
(from requests>=2.0.0->sphinx->spyder) (2.8)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.25,>=1.21.1 in c:\python372\lib\site-pa
ckages (from requests>=2.0.0->sphinx->spyder) (1.24.1)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in c:\python372\lib\site-packa
ges (from requests>=2.0.0->sphinx->spyder) (2018.11.29)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.2 in c:\python372\lib\site-package
s (from packaging->sphinx->spyder) (2.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=0a in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
babel!=2.0,>=1.3->sphinx->spyder) (2018.9)
Requirement already satisfied: prompt-toolkit<2.1.0,>=2.0.0 in c:\python372\lib\
site-packages (from ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel>=4.8.2->spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2
->spyder) (2.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: backcall in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from
ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel>=4.8.2->spyder-kernels<1.0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (0.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pyrsistent>=0.14.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packa
ges (from jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.4->nbformat>=4.4->nbconvert->spyder) (0.14.11)
Requirement already satisfied: attrs>=17.4.0 in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (
from jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.4->nbformat>=4.4->nbconvert->spyder) (19.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in c:\python372\lib\site-packages (from p
rompt-toolkit<2.1.0,>=2.0.0->ipython>=5.0.0->ipykernel>=4.8.2->spyder-kernels<1.
0,>=0.4.2->spyder) (0.1.7)
C:\Python372>spyder3
C:\Python372>
由于我的系统是Windows 8.1，另一个问题是ios Ubuntu Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS，因此不完全相同。但是，问题下方提供的解决方案部分为我解决了该问题，即pip install pyqtwebengine。仍然有问题：Spyder3启动，但是由于缺少足够的空间将所有代码发布到注释中而在此处将在“答案”中发布错误。
我在下面看到错误消息引用了我删除的旧版Python 3.60。这就引出了一个后续问题，即我现在如何将Spyder3配置为仅引用Python 3.72。我不想发布新的问题，因为这里已经发布了此错误消息的产生方式的上下文。
An error ocurred while starting the kernel
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\python372\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "c:\python372\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "c:\python372\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\console\__main__.py", line 11, in
start.main()
File "c:\python372\lib\site‑packages\spyder_kernels\console\start.py", line 289, in main
from ipykernel.kernelapp import IPKernelApp
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\__init__.py", line 2, in
from .connect import *
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\ipykernel\connect.py", line 18, in
import jupyter_client
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\__init__.py", line 4, in
from .connect import *
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\jupyter_client\connect.py", line 22, in
import zmq
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 34, in
from zmq import backend
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 40, in
reraise(*exc_info)
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\utils\sixcerpt.py", line 34, in reraise
raise value
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 27, in
_ns = select_backend(first)
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 26, in select_backend
mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
File "D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in
from . import (constants, error, message, context,
ImportError: cannot import name 'constants' from 'zmq.backend.cython' (D:\DEVELOPMENT_PYTHON360\venv_ml\Lib\site‑packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py)