Question

我正在尝试通过学习vulkan-tutorial.com上的出色教程来学习Vulkan，但是在必须创建交换链时遇到了一些麻烦。如标题中所述，vkCreateSwapchainKHR会产生以下错误：Access violation executing location 0x0000000000000000。

本教程建议，这可能与Steam叠加层冲突。对于我而言，情况并非如此，因为从教程中复制了整个代码。

我试图找出我的代码出了什么问题，并学习如何调试此类问题，因为将来我将没有参考代码。斜线看起来像这样：

if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &swapChainCreateInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Could not create swap chain");
}

我在此行设置了一个断点，以将代码中的参数值与参考代码中的值进行比较。据我所知，没有区别。（地址当然是不同的）

我应该在哪里寻找代码问题？变量swapChain是预期的NULL。格式错误的swapChainCreateInfo不应使vkCreateSwapchainKHR崩溃。它只会使其返回非VK_SUCCESS的值。设备创建没有问题：

if (vkCreateDevice(physicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create logical device");
}

编辑-我正在使用验证层VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation，而我的createInfo设置如下。

// Useful functions and structures
VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice;
VkSurfaceKHR surface;
VkSwapchainKHR swapChain;

struct QueueFamilyIndices {
    std::optional<uint32_t> graphicsFamily;
    std::optional<uint32_t> presentationFamily;
    bool isComplete() {
        return graphicsFamily.has_value() && presentationFamily.has_value();
    }
};

struct SwapChainSupportDetails {
    VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surfaceCapabilities;
    std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> formats;
    std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR> presentModes;
};

SwapChainSupportDetails querySwapChainSupport(VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice) {
    SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupportDetails;

    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities);

    uint32_t formatCount = 0;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &formatCount, nullptr);
    if (formatCount != 0) {
        swapChainSupportDetails.formats.resize(formatCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &formatCount, swapChainSupportDetails.formats.data());
    }

    uint32_t presentModeCount = 0;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &presentModeCount, nullptr);
    if (presentModeCount != 0) {
        swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes.resize(presentModeCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physicalDevice, surface, &presentModeCount, swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes.data());
    }

    return swapChainSupportDetails;
}

VkSurfaceFormatKHR chooseSwapChainSurfaceFormat(const std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> & availableFormats) {
    if (availableFormats.size() == 1 && availableFormats[0].format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED) {
        return { VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR };
    }

    for (const auto & availableFormat : availableFormats) {
        if (availableFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM && availableFormat.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR) {
            return availableFormat;
        }
    }

    return availableFormats[0];
}

VkPresentModeKHR chooseSwapChainPresentMode(const std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR> & availablePresentModes) {

    VkPresentModeKHR bestMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
    for (const auto & availablePresentMode : availablePresentModes) {
        if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) {
            return availablePresentMode;
        }
        else if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR) {
            bestMode = availablePresentMode;
        }
    }

    return bestMode;
}

VkExtent2D chooseSwapChainExtent2D(const VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR & surfaceCapabilities) {
    if (surfaceCapabilities.currentExtent.width != std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        return surfaceCapabilities.currentExtent;
    }
    else {
        VkExtent2D actualExtent = { WIDTH, HEIGHT };
        actualExtent.width = std::max(std::min(surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.width, actualExtent.width), surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.width);
        actualExtent.height = std::max(std::min(surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.height, actualExtent.height), surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.height);
        return actualExtent;
    }
}

// Swap Chain creation code

SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupportDetails = querySwapChainSupport(physicalDevice);

VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat = chooseSwapChainSurfaceFormat(swapChainSupportDetails.formats);
VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = chooseSwapChainPresentMode(swapChainSupportDetails.presentModes);
VkExtent2D extent = chooseSwapChainExtent2D(swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities);
uint32_t imageCount = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount + 1;
if (swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount) {
    imageCount = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount;
}

VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR swapChainCreateInfo = {};
swapChainCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
swapChainCreateInfo.surface = surface;
swapChainCreateInfo.minImageCount = imageCount;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageFormat = surfaceFormat.format;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageColorSpace = surfaceFormat.colorSpace;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageExtent = extent;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageArrayLayers = 1;
swapChainCreateInfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;

QueueFamilyIndices familyIndices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice);
uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[] = { familyIndices.graphicsFamily.value(), familyIndices.presentationFamily.value() };
if (familyIndices.graphicsFamily != familyIndices.presentationFamily) {
    swapChainCreateInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT;
    swapChainCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2;
    swapChainCreateInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices;
}
else {
    swapChainCreateInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
    swapChainCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 0;
    swapChainCreateInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr;
}

swapChainCreateInfo.preTransform = swapChainSupportDetails.surfaceCapabilities.currentTransform;
swapChainCreateInfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
swapChainCreateInfo.presentMode = presentMode;
swapChainCreateInfo.clipped = VK_TRUE;
swapChainCreateInfo.oldSwapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;

if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &swapChainCreateInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) != VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("Could not create swap chain");
}

我得到了结果结构：

Answer 1

在创建VkDevice时启用 VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME

void VKRenderer::createVkLogicalDevice()
{
    // device extensions
    vector<const char*>::type deviceExtensionNames = { VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME };

    // priorities
    float queuePrioritys[2] = { 1.f, 1.f};

    // graphics queue
    VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queueCreateInfos;
    queueCreateInfos.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
    queueCreateInfos.pNext = nullptr;
    queueCreateInfos.queueFamilyIndex = getGraphicsQueueFamilyIndex();
    queueCreateInfos.queueCount = 1;
    queueCreateInfos.pQueuePriorities = &queuePrioritys[0];

    // device features
    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures deviceFeatures = {};

    VkDeviceCreateInfo createInfo = {};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
    createInfo.pNext = nullptr;
    createInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = &queueCreateInfos;
    createInfo.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
    createInfo.pEnabledFeatures = &deviceFeatures;
    createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = deviceExtensionNames.size();
    createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensionNames.data();

    // create logical device and retrieve graphics queue
    if (VK_SUCCESS == vkCreateDevice(m_vkPhysicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &m_vkDevice))
    {
        vkGetDeviceQueue(m_vkDevice, getGraphicsQueueFamilyIndex(), 0, &m_vkGraphicsQueue);
        vkGetDeviceQueue(m_vkDevice, getPresentQueueFamilyIndex(), 0, &m_vkPresentQueue);
    }
    else
    {
        EchoLogError("Failed to create vulkan logical device!");
    }
}

Answer 2

似乎您在代码段的末尾调用vkCreateDevice来创建交换链并将VkSwapchainCreateInfo传递到其中。也许您想改为调用vkCreateSwapchainKHR，例如：

if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &swapChainCreateInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) !=
    VK_SUCCESS) {
    throw std::runtime_error("failed to create swap chain");
}

如果您实际上是在致电vkCreateSwapchainKHR，可以编辑您的问题以表明这一点吗？

Answer 3

好吧，在创建逻辑设备时，需要将enabledExtensionCount设置为所需扩展的实际数量，而不是0（如果期望扩展有效）。就我而言，这是一个简单的编辑失败。这是我代码中的宝石：

createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(deviceExtensions.size());
createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensions.data();

createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = 0;

我想出了办法，将代码中的每个功能替换为参考代码中的每个功能，直到它起作用为止。我对验证层没有抓住这一点感到失望。我设置错了吗？这是他们应该抓住的东西吗？

为什么vkCreateSwapchainKHR会导致访问冲突为0？

3 个答案: