DateFormat的parse()与SimpleDateFormat之间的区别

时间:2019-03-12 03:25:12

标签: java java-8

我正在尝试使用LocalDateTime.parse方法解析日期,但是出现错误。如果我使用SimpleDateFormat简单日期格式对象,则日期字符串将被解析。

有人遇到这个问题!从DateFormatLocalDateTime解析之间有什么区别

package com.example.demo;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.Date;

public class App {

    public static final String DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "dd-MM-yyyy hh:mm:ss.SSS";

    public static final DateFormat DATE_TIME_FORMAT = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_TIME_PATTERN);

    public static final String SEPERATOR = ",";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Date date = DATE_TIME_FORMAT.parse("12-03-2019 10:28:50.013");
            System.out.println("date : {} " + date);

            LocalDateTime startTimestamp = LocalDateTime.parse("12-03-2019 10:28:50.013", DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DATE_TIME_PATTERN)).plusNanos(1000000);
            System.out.println("startTimestamp : {} " + startTimestamp);
        } catch(Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

输出

date : {} Tue Mar 12 10:28:50 SGT 2019
java.time.format.DateTimeParseException: Text '12-03-2019 10:28:50.013' could not be parsed: Unable to obtain LocalDateTime from TemporalAccessor: {NanoOfSecond=13000000, HourOfAmPm=10, MicroOfSecond=13000, SecondOfMinute=50, MilliOfSecond=13, MinuteOfHour=28},ISO resolved to 2019-03-12 of type java.time.format.Parsed
    at java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.createError(DateTimeFormatter.java:1920)
    at java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parse(DateTimeFormatter.java:1855)
    at java.time.LocalDateTime.parse(LocalDateTime.java:492)
    at com.example.demo.App.main(App.java:21)
Caused by: java.time.DateTimeException: Unable to obtain LocalDateTime from TemporalAccessor: {NanoOfSecond=13000000, HourOfAmPm=10, MicroOfSecond=13000, SecondOfMinute=50, MilliOfSecond=13, MinuteOfHour=28},ISO resolved to 2019-03-12 of type java.time.format.Parsed
    at java.time.LocalDateTime.from(LocalDateTime.java:461)
    at java.time.format.Parsed.query(Parsed.java:226)
    at java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.parse(DateTimeFormatter.java:1851)
    ... 2 more
Caused by: java.time.DateTimeException: Unable to obtain LocalTime from TemporalAccessor: {NanoOfSecond=13000000, HourOfAmPm=10, MicroOfSecond=13000, SecondOfMinute=50, MilliOfSecond=13, MinuteOfHour=28},ISO resolved to 2019-03-12 of type java.time.format.Parsed
    at java.time.LocalTime.from(LocalTime.java:409)
    at java.time.LocalDateTime.from(LocalDateTime.java:457)
    ... 4 more

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您正在使用 am-clock-hour-am-pm(1-12)(小时),该时间在您的模式中是 h ,而不是< strong>一天中的小时(0-23),即 H ,因此它需要AM / PM的其他信息。

enter image description here

因此,理想情况下,必须在要解析的日期字符串中加上 a 的AM / PM,以确保每天的上午/下午还需要将其添加到DATE_TIME_PATTERN字符串中。

public static final String DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "dd-MM-yyyy hh:mm:ss.SSS a";

public static final DateFormat DATE_TIME_FORMAT = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_TIME_PATTERN);

  public static final String SEPERATOR = ",";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Date date = DATE_TIME_FORMAT.parse("12-03-2019 10:28:50.013 AM");
            System.out.println("date : {} " + date);

            LocalDateTime startTimestamp = LocalDateTime.parse("12-03-2019 10:28:50.013 AM", DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DATE_TIME_PATTERN)).plusNanos(1000000);
            System.out.println("startTimestamp : {} " + startTimestamp);
        } catch(Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

输出:

date : {} Tue Mar 12 10:28:50 IST 2019
startTimestamp : {} 2019-03-12T10:28:50.014

我们可以看到,在解析无效的日期字符串时,SimpleDateFormat没有正确的格式,而LocalDateTime却更严格。在您的情况下,由于缺少必需的AM / PM信息,从LocalTime返回的TemporalAccessornull,因此您得到Unable to obtain LocalTime from TemporalAccessor

不知道为什么SimpleDateFormat起作用的原因,如果您经过的小时数大于12,而模式和AM中未提及a,则有一种名为setLenient(boolean lenient)的方法/ PM在日期字符串中将引发java.text.ParseException: Unparseable date:

但是由于您的情况是您将小时传递为10,因此小于12,因此默认情况下将其解释为 AM

这是进行此检查的SimpleDateFormat类中的代码:

case PATTERN_HOUR1: // 'h' 1-based.  eg, 11PM + 1 hour =>> 12 AM
     if (!isLenient()) {
         // Validate the hour value in non-lenient
         if (value < 1 || value > 12) {
             break parsing;
         }
     }
     // [We computed 'value' above.]
     if (value == calendar.getLeastMaximum(Calendar.HOUR) + 1) {
         value = 0;
     }
     calb.set(Calendar.HOUR, value);
     return pos.index;