将文本文件中的一行拆分为C中的单独变量

时间:2019-03-09 20:32:36

标签: c

我目前正在开发一个程序,该程序读取一个名为accidents.txt的文件,该文件包含致命交通事故的数据,并根据事故发生的时间将数据组织为三种不同的结构。

文本文件格式:

时间(24小时格式)numOfVehicles numOfFatalities

txt文件中的几行:

2   2   1
18  3   1
1   1   1
7   2   1
19  1   1

请务必注意,它们之间用制表符(/ t)分隔。

我已经编写了整个程序,除了读取实际文件并将行分开存储到我的结构中之外,它还应该工作。该计划的总体目标是将每个时间段内涉及的事故,车辆和死亡总数相加并输出。

while语句中的某些内容,特别是while语句的开头不正确。经过几个小时的尝试来弄清楚我在做什么错之后,我似乎无法弄清楚。下面是我的代码。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Structure for organizing file data
struct stats {
    int accidents, vehicles, fatalities;
    double vehAccRat;
};

int main(void) {
    // Declare file pointer
    FILE *fp;

    char line[256];

    // Declare file name
    char* filename = "accidents.txt";

    // Declare structure variables
    struct stats morning;
    struct stats afternoon;
    struct stats night;

    // Open a file using fopen function then assign it to the file pointer
    fp = fopen(filename, "r");

    // If file is not found, exit program
    if (!fp){
        printf("Could not open file %s",filename);
        exit(1);
    } // End of if statement

    // Iterate through file by each line and store data into respective time frame
    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line),fp) != NULL) {
        // Store line data in array
        char *val1 = strtok(NULL, "/t");
        char *val2 = strtok(NULL, "/t");
        char *val3 = strtok(NULL, "/t");

        // If time is from 6 - 12 add data to morning statistics
        if (val1 <= 6 && val1 >= 12) {
            morning.accidents += 1;
            morning.vehicles += val2;
            morning.fatalities += val3;
        } // End of if statement

        // If time is from 13 - 19 add data to afternoon statistics
        else if (val1 <= 13 && val1 >= 19) {
            afternoon.accidents += 1;
            afternoon.vehicles += val2;
            afternoon.fatalities += val3;
        } // End of else if statement

        // If time is from 20 - 23 or 0 - 5 add data to night statistics
        else if ((val1 <= 20 && val1 >= 23) || (val1 <= 0 && val1 >= 5)) {
            night.accidents += 1;
            night.vehicles += val2;
            night.fatalities += val3;
        } // End of else if statement
    } // End of while loop

    // Close the file stream
    fclose(fp);

    // Calculate vehicle / accident ratio for each time group
    morning.vehAccRat = morning.vehicles / morning.accidents;
    afternoon.vehAccRat = afternoon.vehicles / afternoon.accidents;
    night.vehAccRat = night.vehicles / night.accidents;

    // Output data organized by time of day (morning/afternoon/night)
    printf("Time Span\tAccidents\tVehicles\tFatals\t\tVeh./Acc.\n");
    printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("Morning\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%.4f\n", morning.accidents, morning.vehicles, morning.fatalities, morning.vehAccRat);
    printf("Afternoon\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%.4f\n", afternoon.accidents, afternoon.vehicles, afternoon.fatalities, afternoon.vehAccRat);
    printf("Night\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t%.4f\n", night.accidents, night.vehicles, night.fatalities, night.vehAccRat);
    printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------");

} // End of int main(void)

在此先感谢您的帮助,我完全迷住了。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我注意到的一件事是,对strtok的第一个调用应具有要标记化的字符串,随后的调用具有NULL,但您所有的调用都具有NULL。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我认为sscanf中的fscanf是您的朋友。

可以将循环替换为以下内容,以将每行三个值分别读取为整数:

 int val1, val2, val3;
 while(fscanf(fp, "%d%d%d", &val1, &val2, &val3) == 3){

在当前的实现中,您也可以在sscanf上使用line,但这感觉不必要。