我正在尝试翻译一个查询,以便在使用来自Teradata的OTRANSLATE function的BigQuery中运行。例如,
SELECT OTRANSLATE(text, 'ehlo', 'EHLO')
FROM (
SELECT 'hello world' AS text UNION ALL
SELECT 'elliott'
);
这应该产生:
HELLO wOrLd
ELLiOtt
有什么方法可以在BigQuery中表达此功能?看起来没有直接的等效项。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
另一种略有不同的方法(BigQuery标准SQL)
#standardSQL
CREATE TEMP FUNCTION OTRANSLATE(text STRING, from_string STRING, to_string STRING) AS ((
SELECT STRING_AGG(IFNULL(y, a), '' ORDER BY pos)
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(text, '')) a WITH OFFSET pos
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT x, y
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(from_string, '')) x WITH OFFSET
JOIN UNNEST(SPLIT(to_string, '')) y WITH OFFSET
USING(OFFSET)
)
ON a = x
));
WITH `project.dataset.table` AS (
SELECT 'hello world' AS text UNION ALL
SELECT 'elliott'
)
SELECT text, OTRANSLATE(text, 'ehlo', 'EHLO') as new_text
FROM `project.dataset.table`
有输出
Row text new_text
1 hello world HELLO wOrLd
2 elliott ELLiOtt
注意:上面的版本假定往返字符串长度相等,并且字符串中没有重复的字符
进行更新以跟进BigQuery中该函数版本的“扩展期望”
#standardSQL
CREATE TEMP FUNCTION OTRANSLATE(text STRING, from_string STRING, to_string STRING) AS ((
SELECT STRING_AGG(IFNULL(y, a), '' ORDER BY pos)
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(text, '')) a WITH OFFSET pos
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT x, ARRAY_AGG(IFNULL(y, '') ORDER BY OFFSET LIMIT 1)[OFFSET(0)] y
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(from_string, '')) x WITH OFFSET
LEFT JOIN UNNEST(SPLIT(to_string, '')) y WITH OFFSET
USING(OFFSET)
GROUP BY x
)
ON a = x
));
SELECT -- text, OTRANSLATE(text, 'ehlo', 'EHLO') as new_text
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "", "EHLO") AS empty_from, -- 'hello world'
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "hello world1", "EHLO") AS larger_from_than_source, -- 'EHLLL'
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "ehlo", "EHLO") AS equal_size_from_to, -- 'HELLO wOrLd'
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "ehlo", "EH") AS larger_size_from, -- 'HE wrd'
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "ehlo", "EHLOPQ") AS larger_size_to, -- 'hello world'
OTRANSLATE("hello world", "ehlo", "") AS empty_to; -- 'wrd'
有结果
Row empty_from larger_from_than_source equal_size_from_to larger_size_from larger_size_to empty_to
1 hello world EHLLL HELLO wOrLd HE wrd HELLO wOrLd wrd
.
注意:此功能的Teradata版本是递归的,因此当前实现不是Teradata的OTRANSLATE的确切实现
使用说明(来自Teradata文档)
如果from_string中的第一个字符出现在source_string中,则所有出现的字符都将替换为to_string中的第一个字符。对from_string中的所有字符和from_string中的所有字符重复此操作。替换是逐个字符进行的,也就是说,第二个字符的替换是在替换第一个字符后得到的字符串上完成的。
这很容易用JS UDF实现,这很简单,我想我不会朝这个方向发展:o)
答案 1 :(得分:1)
是的,您可以对字符串使用数组操作来执行此操作。这是一种解决方案:
CREATE TEMP FUNCTION OTRANSLATE(s STRING, key STRING, value STRING) AS (
(SELECT
STRING_AGG(
IFNULL(
(SELECT value[OFFSET(
SELECT o FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(key, '')) AS k WITH OFFSET o2
WHERE k = c)]
),
c),
'' ORDER BY o1)
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(s, '')) AS c WITH OFFSET o1)
)
);
SELECT OTRANSLATE(text, 'ehlo', 'EHLO')
FROM (
SELECT 'hello world' AS text UNION ALL
SELECT 'elliott'
);
这个想法是在key
字符串中找到与value
字符串相同位置的字符。如果key
字符串中没有匹配的字符,我们将以null偏移结束,因此IFNULL
的第二个参数将导致它返回未映射的字符。然后,我们将其聚合回字符串,按字符偏移量排序。
编辑:这是一个变体,还可以处理键和值长度的差异:
CREATE TEMP FUNCTION otranslate(s STRING, key STRING, value STRING) AS (
IF(LENGTH(key) < LENGTH(value) OR LENGTH(s) < LENGTH(key), s,
(SELECT
STRING_AGG(
IFNULL(
(SELECT ARRAY_CONCAT([c], SPLIT(value, ''))[SAFE_OFFSET((
SELECT IFNULL(MIN(o2) + 1, 0) FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(key, '')) AS k WITH OFFSET o2
WHERE k = c))]
),
''),
'' ORDER BY o1)
FROM UNNEST(SPLIT(s, '')) AS c WITH OFFSET o1
))
);
SELECT
otranslate("hello world", "", "EHLO") AS empty_from, -- 'hello world'
otranslate("hello world", "hello world1", "EHLO") AS larger_from_than_source, -- 'hello world'
otranslate("hello world", "ehlo", "EHLO") AS equal_size_from_to, -- 'HELLO wOrLd'
otranslate("hello world", "ehlo", "EH") AS larger_size_from, -- 'HE wrd'
otranslate("hello world", "ehlo", "EHLOPQ") AS larger_size_to, -- 'hello world'
otranslate("hello world", "ehlo", "") AS empty_to; -- 'wrd'