为什么页面无法在我的Django CRUD应用程序中显示？

时间：2019-03-05 23:03:02

标签： python django visual-studio

我尝试从本教程中学习Django CRUD： https://www.javatpoint.com/django-crud-example 我的Django版本是2.1.7，IDE是VisualStudio。 当我运行项目时，所有页面都有错误。错误传来了。

 TemplateDoesNotExist at /index
show.html
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://localhost:52322/index
Django Version: 2.1.7
Exception Type: TemplateDoesNotExist
Exception Value:    
show.html
Exception Location: E:\Django_Try\DjangoWebProject5\DjangoWebProject5\env\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py in get_template, line 19
Python Executable:  E:\Django_Try\DjangoWebProject5\DjangoWebProject5\env\Scripts\python.exe
Python Version: 3.6.6
Python Path:    
['E:\\Django_Try\\DjangoWebProject5\\DjangoWebProject5',
 '',
 'E:\\Django_Try\\DjangoWebProject5\\DjangoWebProject5',
 'E:\\Django_Try\\DjangoWebProject5\\DjangoWebProject5\\env\\Scripts\\python36.zip',
 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Shared\\Python36_64\\DLLs',
 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Shared\\Python36_64\\lib',
 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Shared\\Python36_64',
 'E:\\Django_Try\\DjangoWebProject5\\DjangoWebProject5\\env',
 'E:\\Django_Try\\DjangoWebProject5\\DjangoWebProject5\\env\\lib\\site-packages']
Server time:    Tue, 5 Mar 2019 22:43:24 +0000

我在下面添加我的Urls波纹管

from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin  
from django.urls import path  
from employee import views  

urlpatterns = [  
    path('index', views.show), 
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),  
    path('emp', views.emp),  
    path('show',views.show),  
    path('edit/<int:id>', views.edit), 
    path('update/<int:id>', views.update),  
    path('delete/<int:id>', views.destroy),  
]

查看：

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect  
from employee.forms import EmployeeForm  
from employee.models import Employee  
# Create your views here.  
def emp(request):  
    if request.method == "POST":  
        form = EmployeeForm(request.POST)  
        if form.is_valid():  
            try:  
                form.save()  
                return redirect('/show')  
            except:  
                pass  
    else:  
        form = EmployeeForm()  
    return render(request,'index.html',{'form':form})  
def show(request):  
    employees = Employee.objects.all()  
    return render(request,"show.html",{'employees':employees})  
def edit(request, id):  
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)  
    return render(request,'edit.html', {'employee':employee})  
def update(request, id):  
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)  
    form = EmployeeForm(request.POST, instance = employee)  
    if form.is_valid():  
        form.save()  
        return redirect("/show")  
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'employee': employee})  
def destroy(request, id):  
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)  
    employee.delete()  
    return redirect("/show")

设置：

"""
Django settings for DjangoWebProject5 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.9.1.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import posixpath

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '65ccf984-10e5-4c13-ab4d-9c0cf30e8b04'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # Add your apps here to enable them
    'employee',  
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    #'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'DjangoWebProject5.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'DjangoWebProject5.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATIC_ROOT = posixpath.join(*(BASE_DIR.split(os.path.sep) + ['static']))

项目结构完全类似于下面的图像教程：

https://www.javatpoint.com/django/images/django-crud-example-project-structure.png

我的结构屏幕截图：

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1xRB0xcnkplZ4ktiyEblkMVeyJ1SpATDc

我认为该错误表明模板不存在，但模板存在。 请通知我我的应用程序有什么问题。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：0)

在您的settings.py文件中，模板目录需要分配为：

TEMPLATES = [
{
    'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
    'DIRS': ['templates'],
    'APP_DIRS': True,
    'OPTIONS': {
        'context_processors': [
            'django.template.context_processors.debug',
            'django.template.context_processors.request',
            'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
            'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
        ],
    },
},

]

类似地，确保模板具有以下结构：

|-app_name
    |-templates
        |-app_name
            |-show.html
            |-index.html and so on

答案 1 :(得分：0)

对不起，我无法访问您的目录屏幕截图，我认为这是由于我的阻止。 Sanip（我认为）是正确的答案。在学习Django如何查找和使用模板方面有很多困难时，我的元技巧是继续尝试。只有这么多错误的做事方式。例如，您可以创建一组“ show.html”文件，仅包含其所在目录的声明，然后将其放在项目中的每个目录中。 例如 在项目根文件夹中：

#  show.html
<p> project root </p>

在新的“模板”文件夹中：

# employees/templates/show.html
<p> this one is in employees/templates/show.html

您实际上不需要这样做，但是，如果事情没有解决，就没有害处。需要5分钟，您才能找到Django正在寻找并重置的地方。

您的模板“ show.html”应位于应用程序“员工”的名为“模板”的子目录中。我的settings.py具有'DIRS'：['/ templates /']和'APP_DIRS'：True。结果，Django在我所有的应用程序目录中寻找一个名为“ templates”的文件夹。当我在views.py中引用模板时，Django会在我的所有应用程序中（从列表的开头开始）查找/ templates /。如果愿意，可以在一个模板目录中包含子目录，这是确保您不会意外为下一个应用程序调用错误模板的好方法。

文档：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#std:setting-TEMPLATES-DIRS

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