Question

我正在为一个项目创建测试用例。如何设计项目，很难进行简单的单元测试，并且似乎缺少依赖项，因此无法使用Mockito来模拟函数和对象。这是我所拥有的：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class RequestHandlerTest {
    private byte[] buffer;
    private Connection conn;
    private Server server;

    @Mock ResponseHandler response;
    @Mock Services serviceImpl;
    @InjectMocks RequestHandler request;

    @Before
    // This just creates the buffer in order to simulate sending and 
    // receiving a response across a server and client
    public void createRequests(); 

    @After
    public void cleanUpBuffer(); // Cleans up buffer after test

    @Test
    public void TestReceiveMessage() {
        doNothing().when(response.updataCache(conn, reqID));
        ... // Do nothing for service function
        handler.receiveMsg(conn, buffer);
        // Verify request
    }
}

现在，每当我运行测试时，都会收到以下异常：

 org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: At the moment you cannot provide own implementations of MockHandler.
Please see the javadocs for the MockMaker interface.
    at org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener.initMocks(MockitoTestExecutionListener.java:68)
    at org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(MockitoTestExecutionListener.java:53)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at 

    org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)

我不确定是什么原因导致的，以及解决该问题需要采取的措施。我尝试设置初始化Mockito，使用@Autowired将@Mock更改为@MockBean，还尝试使用包装器类设置我的值。有什么我可能会想念的吗？我以前从未见过。

Answer 1

首先，您无需在此处使用SpringRunner。将@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)替换为@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)

第二，如果仍然出现此问题，请尝试使用下一个（假设RequestHandlerImpl是RequestHandler的实现）：

@InjectMocks RequestHandler request = new RequestHandlerImpl();

甚至@InjectMocks RequestHandlerImpl request

Answer 2

好吧，在研究了这一点之后，我看到有很多正在自动接线的bean。因此，我需要为我所依赖的类添加上下文配置。然后，我可以对Mock和Inject Mock使用注释。这样我的装置就变成这样：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {RequestHandler.class, ResponseHandler.class,
      DataCache.class, Service.class})
public class RequestHandlerTest {
   @Mock private ResponseHandler response;
   @Mock private Service serv;

   @InjectMocks
   @Resource
   private RequestHandler request;

   public void setUp() {
      MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

      // Add mock data logic using doAnswer or doNothing for void methods if needed 
      // and adding when().then() for mocking return values for other functions

   }

   @Test
   public void makeRequest() {
      assertTrue(request.sendRequest(Object message));
   }
}

从Mocking Void Methods with Mockito和问题here的答案中提取信息。

是什么导致此模仿异常？

2 个答案: