Question

您好，有人可以解释如何使用瀑布stepcontext.Option吗？我一直在示例中看到它，但我不太了解如何使用它。以下是this和this中的示例。

我打算重构我的整个代码，并在可能的情况下使用此选项。谢谢！

private static async Task<DialogTurnResult> TableStepAsync(
    WaterfallStepContext step,
    CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
    string greeting = step.Options is GuestInfo guest
            && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(guest?.Name)
            ? $"Welcome {guest.Name}" : "Welcome";

    string prompt = $"{greeting}, How many diners will be at your table?";
    string[] choices = new string[] { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6" };
    return await step.PromptAsync(
        TablePrompt,
        new PromptOptions
        {
            Prompt = MessageFactory.Text(prompt),
            Choices = ChoiceFactory.ToChoices(choices),
        },
        cancellationToken);
}

和

    private async Task<DialogTurnResult> SelectionStepAsync(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    // Continue using the same selection list, if any, from the previous iteration of this dialog.
    List<string> list = stepContext.Options as List<string> ?? new List<string>();
    stepContext.Values[CompaniesSelected] = list;

    // Create a prompt message.
    string message;
    if (list.Count is 0)
    {
        message = $"Please choose a company to review, or `{DoneOption}` to finish.";
    }
    else
    {
        message = $"You have selected **{list[0]}**. You can review an additional company, " +
            $"or choose `{DoneOption}` to finish.";
    }

    // Create the list of options to choose from.
    List<string> options = _companyOptions.ToList();
    options.Add(DoneOption);
    if (list.Count > 0)
    {
        options.Remove(list[0]);
    }

    // Prompt the user for a choice.
    return await stepContext.PromptAsync(
        SelectionPrompt,
        new PromptOptions
        {
            Prompt = MessageFactory.Text(message),
            RetryPrompt = MessageFactory.Text("Please choose an option from the list."),
            Choices = ChoiceFactory.ToChoices(options),
        },
        cancellationToken);
}

在可能的情况下，我还想学习如何传递和获取像这样的值

    private static async Task<DialogTurnResult> RoomStepAsync(
    WaterfallStepContext step,
    CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
    // Save the name and prompt for the room number.
    string name = step.Result as string;
    ((GuestInfo)step.Values[GuestKey]).Name = name;
    return await step.PromptAsync(
        TextPrompt,
        new PromptOptions
        {
            Prompt = MessageFactory.Text($"Hi {name}. What room will you be staying in?"),
        },
        cancellationToken);
}

private static async Task<DialogTurnResult> FinalStepAsync(
    WaterfallStepContext step,
    CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
    // Save the room number and "sign off".
    string room = step.Result as string;
    ((GuestInfo)step.Values[GuestKey]).Room = room;

    await step.Context.SendActivityAsync(
        "Great, enjoy your stay!",
        cancellationToken: cancellationToken);

    // End the dialog, returning the guest info.
    return await step.EndDialogAsync(
        (GuestInfo)step.Values[GuestKey],
        cancellationToken);
}

}

现在这就是我保存值的方式。

var userstate = await (stepContext.Context.TurnState["BasicAccessors"] as BasicAccessors).BasicUserStateAccessor.GetAsync(stepContext.Context);
userstate.Name = value;

Answer 1

@Dante的答案是正确的，但我会让它更容易理解：

假设您有一个ParentDialog叫ChildDialog。

如果您有以下课程：

public class OptionsPassed
{
    public string ParameterToPass { get; set; }
}

通过以下方式调用您的子对话框：await stepContext.BeginDialogAsync(nameof(ChildDialog), new OptionsPassed { ParameterToPass = "ValueToPass" });
然后，您可以使用{ ParameterToPass: "ValueToPass" }访问ChildDialog中任何地方的stepContext.Options.ParemeterToPass。例如，如果您想查看传入的值是什么：

ChildDialog的第一步：

private static async Task<DialogTurnResult> FirstStepAsync(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
{
    var passed = stepContext.Options as OptionsPassed;
    await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync($"You passed in {passed.ParameterToPass}");
    return await stepContext.NextAsync();
}

Answer 2

您到底想做什么？ stepContext.Options是一个对象，您可以在调用Dialog时使用BeginDialog或ReplaceDialog来发送该对象。例如：

await BeginDialogAsync(dialogId, sendobject, cancellationToken)

stepContext.Options是您通过调用的Dialog接收该对象的方式。

例如，在第一个文档中，主Dialog调用每个子Dialog并将其发送给userInfo.Guest对象：

return await stepContext.BeginDialogAsync(TableDialogId, userInfo.Guest, cancellationToken);

被调用的对话框正在接收它，并将其转换为字符串作为验证：

string greeting = step.Options is GuestInfo guest
            && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(guest?.Name)
            ? $"Welcome {guest.Name}" : "Welcome";

您可以剥离验证，它看起来像这样，请记住，这仅在要发送的对象（userInfo.Guest）不为null且可以转换为字符串的情况下有效：

string greeting = (string)step.Options;

请记住： stepContext.Options;是一个对象，需要转换为正确的类型。如果不添加null / type验证，则转换可能会失败，并且您的漫游器可能会崩溃。这是框架的功能，但机器人不需要它起作用，您可以使用其他方法通过方法或类发送对象。

Botframework v4：Stepcontext选项

2 个答案: