关闭在另一个函数中打开的文件时，如何消除“名称错误”？​​

Question

W_A11，2000-02，移动平均值，59.66666667，50.92582302，68.40751031，伤害，数字，攻击，已验证，整体流行，所有年龄段，致命，

W_A11，2001-03，移动平均值，60，51.23477459，68.76522541，伤害，数字，攻击，已验证，整体流行，所有年龄段，致命，

W_A11，2002-04，移动平均值，59，50.30812505，67.69187495，伤害，数字，攻击，已验证，整体流行，所有年龄段，致命，

def append_to_datalist(): #Datalist should be called append_to_datafile0, 
                          #change that for the next program

       """Append_to_datalist (should be datafile) first wipes the outfile 
          clean then appends all read lines containing the
          same year specified in querydate() from the infile to the 
          outfile"""

    outfile = open("datalist.csv", "w") #these two lines are for resetting 
                                         #the file so it remains manageably 
                                         #small
    outfile.write('')                   #this is the second line
    outfile = open("datalist.csv", "a")
    next(infile)
# extract data
    for line in infile:
        linefromfile = line.strip('\n').split(',')
        tuple1 = tuple(linefromfile)
        outfile.write('\n' + str(tuple1))
    outfile.close()

def openfile_and_append_to_datalist():
    # input for file name
    filename = input(
    "Please enter the name of the file, including the file extension, from 
     which we will be extracting data"
    " ex)injury_statistics.txt ")

    # open infile
    infile = open(filename, "r")

    # append infile data to outfile
    append_to_datalist()

    # close infile
    infile.close()

openfile_and_append_to_datalist()

当我运行此文件时，它将运行良好，直到尝试关闭infile，然后它返回“未定义名称错误'infile'”。

除了不确定我尝试失败的openfile_and_append_to_datalist（）的append_to_datalist（）嵌套之外，我不确定要尝试什么。

我的问题说infile在另一个函数中打开的原因是因为append_to_datalist（）使用infile。

Answer 1

问题似乎不在于结束 infile，而在于它在append_to_datalist()函数中的使用。告诉您NameError未定义的情况是正确的infile，因为在该函数中未定义{em> 。仅在openfile_and_append_to_datalist()的范围内定义。

为了从infile引用append_to_datalist()，您需要将其作为函数参数传递。首先更改您的函数定义：

def append_to_datalist(infile):
    ...

然后在调用函数时传递infile：

infile = open(filename, "r")
append_to_datalist(infile)
infile.close()